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Index: Male Youth Prostitution -  - Homosexuality:  Biological  or  Learned ? -  -  Public School Issues -  - Transgender / Tranvestite / Transsexual -  - Lesbian  &  Bisexual Women -  - Homo-Negativity / Phobia -  - Identity Formation  &  Coming Out -  - Counseling  &  Therapy -  - Professional Education  -  - Bisexuality -  - Religion   &  Spirituality - - HIV-AIDS -  - Gay & Bisexual Male Suicide Problems -  - Drug / Alcohol Use / Abuse / Addiction  -  - GLBT  History - - Community Attributes  &  Problems -  -  Couples / Families / Children / Adoption / Spousal Violence - - The Elderly -  - Race/Ethnic Minority Issues: U.S., Canada, Europe,  New Zealand & Australia -  -  Latin America / Africa -  - Middle East / Asia

Male Youth Prostitution

NORTH AMERICA:

Vancouver (1997): Pleasure and Pain - Inside the Sex Trade. - Escaping Boys Town: Vancouver’s male sex workers fight to come out of the street’s shadows. -  Some related statistics. - Key Materials on Men Who Have Sex With Men at UNAIDS: - Anthropology: Glimpses of AIDS and Male Prostitution. - Glimpses of AIDS and male prostitution (Science News) - Blood and Memes on the Marciapiede: Memetics And Migration: "Prostitution isn't just about sex, and it isn't only venereal germs which are transmitted. It is also a ritual about difference, dominance, exploitation, and humiliation; and it is these memes which are also transmitted and reinforced with each coupling." - Politics and Biomedicine: Studies of Gay Men, Prostitutes Come Under Scrutiny. - Montreal: Street Youth: On the periphery of services but at the centre of our concerns (PDF Download): "30% have lived off prostitution..." - Chicago: Youth Homelessness: Youth On The Streets and On Their Own (PDF Download): "12 percent had engaged in prostitution..." 

The Invisible Boy: Sex for Sale N/A - by Peter McKnight, Toronto: "Recently, I found myself on television discussing the dangers of youth prostitution with three experts... While my fellow panelists engaged in a lively debate about whether the impugned law might save lives, one thing went unquestioned: the lives at risk were all female. When I noted that only one of the three murdered Toronto prostitutes was female (one was male and one preoperative male-to-female transsexual), one helpful expert informed me that “the vast majority” of prostitutes are female... Given the prevalence and problems of male prostitution, why do the boys remain invisible?" - The Boy's Stroll (Regina): "Here in Regina a number of studies have been done on child and female prostitution, but not much is said about male prostitution." - Projects in Manitoba: Under the Crime Prevention Investment Fund: "Homosexual boys are also often at risk because of the marginalization they suffer from peers and family... While children as young as 6 have been found prostituting, many youth enter the sex trade between the ages of 13 and 15. Aboriginal youth are over-represented. 86% of sexually exploited children experience intense violence, even death, at the hands of their dates, gangs, partners, or pimps, and young male prostitutes are also at increased risk of "gay bashing." ... Male and female prostitution is concentrated in specific Winnipeg communities, including the downtown area and North End neighbourhoods."

Child Prostitution 05/12/01: "One in five prostitutes operating in Glasgow is a young boy and some are as young as ten years old when they are lured into this dangerous and degrading world. Despite their high numbers on the streets, many male prostitutes miss out on the support available to female victims of the sex industry..." - Support for boys on the game (UK): Far less has been done to help boys involved in prostitution than girls. Mike George on attempts to redress the balance: "Steven has been selling sex for the past four years. He says he does so because it allows him to buy expensive clothes, go to the best restaurants and have a lifestyle which makes it appear he is in control of his life. He thinks that what he does now, at 18, is not so different to what happened when he was a child, when his stepfather, after repeatedly abusing him sexually, took him to the homes of friends. There, in exchange for sex, he was given gifts and treats..." - Boys and young men abused through prostitution (UK): "Many of the young men involved in prostitution have run away from abusive home or care settings and have often truanted from school. Barnardo's figures show that more boys go missing at a younger age than girls. Of 166 boys reported missing in a year in Bradford, 52 were aged 12 and under, of which 21 were aged 10 and under. Just over half had gone missing from their family home, and nearly a quarter from residential care. There are clear links between being in care and sexual exploitation. One study found that two thirds of male prostitutes interviewed had been in local authority care." - No son of mine! Children abused through Prostitution - Summary (PDF Download): The words of a 14-year-old boy abused through prostitution: "Well, do you think I just woke up one day and thought I know I'll be a rent boy today? Thousands of things have happened to me to get me here -mum leaving, no-one at home, hanging round the pub late and waiting to go home with dad, having blokes try to touch us up, seeing boys do tricks and getting cash and fags. If you want to change me, you're probably going to have to do thousands of things too, to balance it out.“ - Fresh Start Program (City of Atlanta Department of Corrections): "Street Life: An alternative lifestyle therapy group. Focuses on male prostitution-the behavior, risks and stigma associated with this lifestyle and addiction." - Young Prostitutes Sell Body and Soul to Street. 

Dancing on a Cliff by John Dentinger: "I had taught America's sons and daughters physics, helped design our nation's defenses, and written for magazines that you can buy in your corner drug store.  On a parallel track, I became an outlaw. I didn't merely make occasional forays into the front lines of the sex and drug revolutions. I worked there.  Let me describe the sex, first.  From age 26 to age 28 - while teaching undergraduate physics labs at U.S.C. by day - I was a call boy by night. I had about two or three hundred clients during that time (more than I had students)... Being a call boy wasn't a line of work I advertised widely, although the stigma for male prostitutes is a great deal less than for the female counterpart. To the extent that there is negativity ("He's just a gigolo," or "He's just a kept boy,") the source is primarily envy, which is flattering. More usually there's a certain admiration that you were able to sell a commodity that normally only women can sell. This is particularly true for fast-lane urban gay men, for whom hustling is only a short step beyond their every day life- styles. When female prostitutes get dressed up for a call, they wear a "tarty" getup and have a lot more sex, with a much greater variety of partners, than the typical heterosexual woman. When male prostitutes get dressed for the street or for a call, they dress much the same as any guy in a gay bar, and they don't have sex with a greater number of partners than their non-working counterparts. Usually when I tell someone that I'd been a call boy, the response is not, "Ooh, what a whore," but, "Oh, John, how exciting." It's not a nightmare to most gay men; it's a fantasy. There are some other differences between male and female prostitution. Men, more than women, need to husband their sexual energies carefully (gotta be ready for the next client). That's why it's high flattery for a hustler to say, "I'd fuck him for free." 

Glen Meadmore Interview: "I love that song you wrote, "Never trust A Hustler." That one comes from experience. Your hustler boyfriend Monty stole and sold your guitar and amp-Marshall stax, and all your Joel Peter Witkin prints that you posed for and all your one-of-a-kind John Wayne Gacy paintings that feature you and Mr. G in very romantic coupling." - Barney Frank and the Male Prostitute. - Barney Frank admits to having sex with young male aide. - Nothing New Under the Sin. - The Kimberly Conundrum: How a crack-smoking male prostitute became the basis of a controversial theory about who killed Kimberly Ernest. - The Elusive Male Prostitutes. - Rupert Everett N/A (Alternate Link): ""I´ve never regretted anything I´ve said, even the stuff about being a male prostitute. I´m not ashamed of it. It was necessary for me at that time in my life. I was going for a career in acting, but I wasn´t completely successful. So, I became a male escort." (Quotation: Everett to Atlanta´s Southern Voice). (Short Biography). - Pete Doherty Reveals He Was A Gay Rent Boy. - Male Prostitution Along U.S.-Mexico Border May Increase HIV Risk, Needs Further Study, Experts Say.

Minister Admits to Buying Drugs and Massage. - Ted Haggart related news items. - Confessions of an Angry Hustler; Ted Haggard's bitter boy toy tells all. - Ted Haggard on homosexuality: “We don’t have to debate about what we should think about homosexual activity, it’s written in the Bible.” Watch it (from the new documentary “Jesus Camp“).

Embracing the "inner ho": David Sterry is a baseball writer and former male prostitute who is working on a novel with no sex in it. - Grilling The Chicken: Q&A With David Sterry, Former Rent Boy: "When he was 17-years-old, David Henry Sterry left his suburban childhood to attend a Catholic college in Hollywood. As it turned out, the place didn't have dorms. And he only had $27 in his pocket. His parents were too distracted to help. Not that David, whose teenage mantra was "whatever," knew how to ask. The first person he talked to in Hollywood -- an anonymous man with a T-shirt that read "Sexxy" -- offered him a steak, took him back to his house, and raped and robbed him, setting him on a path that quickly led to a seven-month career as a male prostitute. "Chicken: Self-Portrait of a Young Man for Rent," is not a dark, brooding memoir. From the first page, Sterry writes with the mordant, jagged wit of Chuck Palahniuk. Sterry's encounters range from the cliché -- there's the "take-no-prisoners, lifestyles-of-the-rich-and-famous, old-fashioned, newfangled orgy" -- to the truly horrifying." - Chicken: Self-Portrait of a Young Man for Rent - by David Sterry. (Amazon.com Reference).

Sex trade involvement and rates of human immunodeficiency virus positivity among young gay and bisexual men. "The study is based upon data obtained from a prospective cohort study of young gay and bisexual men [in Vancouver, Canada]... Sex trade involvement was defined as the exchange of money, drugs, goods, clothing, shelter or protection for sex within the one year prior to enrollment... Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed regular alcohol use (Odds Ratio [OR] = 3.6, 95% CI : 1.8-7.2),  aboriginal ethnicity (OR = 3.7, 95% CI : 1.6-8.7), unemployment (OR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.1-7.3), history of residence in a psychiatric ward (OR = 4.2, 95% CI : 1.8-9.8), bisexual activity (OR = 7.0, 95% CI : 3.5-14.1) and the use of crack (OR = 7.4, 95% CI : 3.0-18.7) to be independently associated with sex trade work. Sex trade workers had a significantly higher HIV prevalence at baseline compared with non-sex trade workers (7.3% versus 1.1%, P < 0.001). As well, HIV incidence was found to be significantly higher for sex trade workers compared with non-sex trade workers (4.7% versus 0.9%, P = 0.011). (Full Text link given: International Journal of Epidemiology). Factors associated with sex trade involvement among male participants in a prospective study of injection drug users. - The Vanguard of Sexploitation: Vancouver research hurts those it claims to help by Andrew Sorfleet.

Vancouver's Vanguard Study: (Revised Version at Vanguard Project (Latest Site for Vanguard Project Studies). "One-quarter of participants had been paid for sex at some point in their lives, of whom 60% had done so in the previous year. 10% had paid another male for sex, of whom 40% had done so in the previous year. Relative to the remainder of the cohort, men who were paid for sex in the last year were significantly more likely to be: younger; non-white (44% vs. 23%); have less than a high school education; live in unstable housing; earn less than $10,000/year; identify as bisexual (46% vs. 6%); report non-consensual sex (47% vs. 31%); start having sex with men and/or women at younger ages; use of coke/crack, heroin, poppers, or injection drugs (23% vs. 3%). Sex trade workers more at risk. - A boy's life: "At almost midnight and with the interview over, Desmond stands and walks off with another young hustler down to the other end of the block. A male prostitute in loose-fitting clothes and a skateboard plops down to take over Desmond's old spot nearby. The business of Boystown continues."

Homeless Gay Youth: For Group of Young People, Village Piers Mean Home (New York) (New York Times, July 18, 1998): "Men in expensive cars cruised by. Frequently they stopped, exchanging brief, hushed words with youths who approached, climbed into the cars and rode away... Hernden said he became depressed when confronted with the reality that few doors were open to him without a high school diploma. He began to work as a prostitute... At the time, Richardson was homeless, turning tricks on the streets of Baltimore in exchange for a place to sleep, he said. Richardson said he told his mother and sisters he was gay, and then endured a year of homosexual slurs from his family."

20/20 reports on homeless gay youth: "Without a home, or family, these teenagers often pay devastating price for their sexual orientation. Experts say about a third of all teenage suicide attempts are by gay and lesbian kids. Often, these teens turn to prostitution to survive: ". . . maybe it doesn't start with survival sex. Maybe it comes with some adult saying I'll give you a bed. I'll give you a hot meal. You can stay at my house. And then comes the attack," Ms. Eggleston [the executive director of Hetrick Martin Institute] says."

The lost boys. - Alternate link: Boston Phoenix Archives: "Male prostitution is a world apart. Female prostitutes are often the products of broken homes where drugs, violence, or incest prevail. But young men who sell sex on the street often end up there because of their sexual orientation. Many run away or are disowned by their families for being homosexual. "Gay male prostitutes all have the same story," says Gerry Cheney, an outreach worker for prostitutes. "They're confused about their sexuality, so they turn to a family that is unwilling to accept the lifestyle. Out of shame, or sometimes because they are forced to, they leave home, quit school, and end up on the street, drug-addicted and homeless... Male prostitutes start shockingly young. The average age at which young women get involved in street prostitution is 16.9, according to a study conducted by the San Francisco-based Delancey Street Foundation, an organization that does outreach work with female prostitutes. Young men, however, enter into prostitution at 14 or even younger, says Sean Haley, director of adolescent services for JRI Health, in Boston -- the city's only outreach program for male commercial sex workers."

Uy JM, Parsons JT, Bimbi DS, Koken JA, Halkitis PN (2004). Gay and bisexual male escorts who advertise on the Internet: understanding reasons for and effects of involvement in commercial sex. International Journal of Men's Health, Spring. Full Text. Full Text. "The predominant reason these men were engaged in escorting was for monetary gains and benefits. The majority of the men (n = 29, 63.0%) endorsed money-related benefits as being a reason for their participation in sex work. When asked to describe the positive aspects of being a sex worker, one participant said, "The extra money. Just this money that's not taxable, and it's instant, instant gratification. It's not hard work. Nothing else." Often, remunerations were generous and on occasion included trips abroad among other gifts, as explained by one participant:... Sense of self. Many participants talked about how having sexual encounters with generously paying clients bolsters their sense of self. Having clients request their services, they are made to feel empowered, desired, attractive, and important, this elevates the escort's self-esteem... While the majority of participants did not report a positive change to their personality, 12 participants (26.1%) did, by reporting at least one positive change that was gained from sex work including increased confidence, increased outgoingness, and improved body image. One particular escort involved in sadism and masochism (S&M) explained how his growing self-assurance developed from his vocation:... Sex. Clearly, sexual activity is an integral part of an escort's profession, with 18 participants (39.1%) in this study citing their enjoyment of sex as a reason for being in this particular line of work. Most participants were able to recall pleasurable sexual interactions with clients, and some deemed them as a critical reason for involvement in escorting... Participants expressed that the sexual experiences they had, subsequent to their entry into sex work, were no longer as thrilling or as stimulating as they once were. Excessive sexual activity through work had minimized the pleasurable aspects of sex and had rendered sexual activity banal and at times tedious..."

"Is Prostitute's Past Protected by Rape Shield Law? Arguments heard to determine whether 15-year-old's past can be explored in a Pa. courtroom".(To access place "Prostitute's Past" in search wiondow at http://www.lawnewsnetwork.com/). - Detroiter arrested in priest's slaying N/A. - AIDS clue from body frozen for 30 years (Alternate Link): "The frozen body of a boy prostitute who died in 1969 from something "highly unusual" was later found infected with a strain of HIV, pushing back the first recorded AIDS case in the United States by a decade."

Angels of Mercy: Light in the Darkness of Polk Street: "They leave families that are physically, sexually and emotionally abusive only to be victims harassed once more by adults who treat the youth as a commodity to be bought and sold... San Francisco's Polk Street is known for teen-age prostitution..." - Male Youth Prostitution in Philadelphia N/A. - Male prostitution in Washington, D.C. N/A - Psycho-social aspects of male prostitution in Washington, DC. (Alternate Link) (Related Book)  - The Life of an Escort: Nam Hao (Must Scroll). - Chevy Chase Principal Resigns Male Prostitute Allegations Probed. - The Final Transformation: "When I was 18, I quit college and headed for New Orleans. I worked as a waiter at a place which was a haven for male and female prostitution. They let me wear face makeup and lipstick. I soon became adept at male prostitution." - The Ex Files: Not Your Usual Gays.: He signed up for an escort service and began selling his body for 80 dollars per hour. Eventually, [John] Paulk racked up over 300 sexual partners. However, writes Paulk, he became tired of being "sexually used". After a while, he dropped out of the escort business. Without the income it had provided..."

San Antonio (1996): Sixth man jailed in Internet male prostitution ring. - Filipino Gays Targeted Again in the Mideast N/A: "Though Philippine officials did not link the actions in Qatar and Kuwait, the existence of an enormously lucrative male prostitution ring, headquartered in Manila, is believed to be in operation in countries throughout the Middle East." - Vox Interviews: Buckcherry: "Keith and I started this male prostitution ring and it just got old. We were sick of all of the…"

Rent Boys: Notorious trophy boy Andrew Cunanan's relationships with rich older men were not unique. A look inside San Diego's silent subculture: "David is a kept boy. This year, he’ll collect $50,000 from two much older male sponsors who pay him for sex and companionship. It’s a thriving  underground industry, David says. And he’s far from alone in taking care of business." - The Life of a Trophy Boy (Washington Post): "The sugar daddy and the house boy, the older gay man and his baby-faced companion, is a gay paradigm that traces back centuries. It is rooted in the long history of homosexual stealth-English lords who carried on with young kitchen hands, prominent married men who found young underlings at the office." - Who is Andrew Cunanan? - Three Month Fever: The Andrew Cunanan Story. - A male prostitute with the AIDS virus went on television under court order to warn those who may have had sexual contact with him..

The London, Ontario 1993-96, "Child-Sex Porn Ring": Possibly not what the police and the media led many to believe. Transcript of the CBC program IDEAS (4-part). -  Alternate "Ideas" transcript link from CBC Radio.

Part of the Canadian walnet.org "sex worker information site:" - Male sex worker issues. Considerable "bio" information relating to teenage male hustlers. Many articles and news items. - Ryerson Prof: I'm A Hooker. - The Gerald Hannon Affair. - Related listing of articles.

Three Toronto Transgendered Sex Workers Murdered by Same Gun. - UF Study: Discriminatin forces transvestites into protitution: "Being ostracized from society forces many transsexuals and transvestites into prostitution, putting them at risk for abuse, violence and the deadly virus that leads to AIDS, a new University of Florida study finds. Often rejected by their families at an early age, and with few sources of social support, they are left with little option for survival other than prostitution, said James "Al" Bay, a UF graduate student in anthropology who did the research for his dissertation."  - Transsexuals forced into risky business - study: "The study of Miami male transsexuals found they were often rejected by their families at an early age and had few ways to make a living other than street prostitution, in the course of which they were often subjected to robbery and rape." - Transsexual prostitution in New Zealand: Predominance of persons of Maori extraction.

The Toronto Trans and Two-Spirit Primer: An Introduction to Lower-income, Sex-working and Street-involved Transgendered, Transsexual & Two-Spirit Service Users in Toronto (PDF Download): "Legal Issues affecting Lower Income Trans/Two-Spirit People: There are a number of legal issues facing lower-income and sex-working trans and Two-Spirit people. There are laws affecting sex workers, human rights laws, and legal identity issues. Laws affecting Sex Workers [are].... The community has been subject to constant harassment and sweeps by police and at one point had to switch to working on the west side of Jarvis to avoid the 51 Division’s jurisdiction. While some attempts have been made to work with a GLBT Toronto Police Liaison Committee on these issues, decriminalization is necessary for the community to work and live safely."

Studies of Street Youth and Younger Male Sex Workers in Canada. - A psychosocial study of male prostitution. - Les masseurs et escortes; si personne ne se plaint, la police n'interviendra pas!

A preacher's son (David Kyle): From many years of youth prostitution to becoming a Christian Minister: (Alternate Link) "You see, when I was eight or nine, I suddenly became sexually obsessive and suicidal - classic signs of having been sexually abused, although to this day I have no such memories. I was a spoiled brat, selfish and perverse, full of rebellion and seeking to prove to everyone who looked my way that I was not the goody two-shoes that everyone was trying to typecast me as - being a preacher's kid. I cursed a blue streak, just to get laughs and to keep the neighborhood bully from beating me up every day. Seeing one day that he was in a particularly foul mood, I took off my clothes and ran around the playground just to make him laugh. It worked and for the first time, I realized that I could get people to like me by taking off my clothes - a revelation that would eventually give birth to almost a decade of prostitution." - From Preacher's Kid To Prostitute To Priest: Freedom From Homosexuality: David Kyle Foster's Testimony: "My hustling began one night in St. Petersburg, Florida. I had made several suicide attempts that God had thwarted and I went to the pier to talk to Him, because I could not understand how He could love me and leave me in such pain. Unknown to me at the time, the pier was a hangout for male prostitutes. As I sat on the railing, men in cars would try to wave me over. I thought it must be a drug-selling place. Then a guy came over and told me that I was doing it wrong. "Doing what?" I asked. He then proceeded to describe how to be a successful male prostitute, as he was. I was flabbergasted. I didn't even know that male prostitutes even existed and was floored that someone would think that I was one. I was also intrigued. I was also mad at God. After all, I had come there to talk to Him and had found myself in such a place. So, to spite God, I decided to try it - just once. It was steeply down hill from there."

Hustler Priest: (Google Search) Father River Sims - priest of the Evangelical Anglican Church in America - a gay man and former sex worker - helping street "kids" from age 12 to over 35 - often sex workers. Description of life on Polk Street, San Francisco given, including male prostitution: "A 12-year-old was out here one night, and I knew he had warrants, and I told the officer: 'You know, you need to pick this kid up. He's 12 years old. He said: 'Let the old men have their toys.' What does that say about where we put our priorities.. The cutest but most heartbreaking of the kids is angel-faced Bobby, a hardened, tough-talking 13-year-old. He climbs onto the seat next to Sims, devours leftover Cokes and potato chips, and vents his anger at a john who'd tried to pick him up: "The fucker tries to buy my 13-year-old ass, then complains I tried to rob him!" - Maverick priest braves indifference, poverty to reach young sex workers: "Sims estimates he's attended 1,000 funerals for young sex workers and addicts since he established his ministry more than a decade ago. Some were as young as 12; none were older than 28. All led lives that were far too sad and complicated for their years...  - John Green, the pastor with the pavement parish: " Helping male prostitutes to get off the streets on Chicago's north side has been John Green's full-time ministry ever since he earned his master's degree from the Graduate School at Wheaton College in 1992... The guys don't like to be identified as being involved in prostitution even when they are. They generally prefer the term 'hustling'." - John Green: A light for Chicago's night community: "Founded by Wheaton (Illinois) College graduate John Green, Emmaus Ministries reaches out to the "night community" in a neighborhood known for its gay bars and clubs. Most of the prostitutes are young, homeless men addicted to alcohol or drugs. Despite their homosexual clientele, 75 percent of those involved in prostitution consider themselves heterosexual, Green says. Rather than steal to survive and/or feed their habit, they sell their bodies." - Where Hustlers Find Hope: Male Prostitutes in inner-city Chicago are finding a new kind of love from a radical ministry that offers compassion instead of judgment. 

Deeper in the Shadows: Where the boys go is much more obscure (Alternate Link): "The Bridge Team's main goal is to reach women, but the team also works with male prostitutes. The "boys" tend to be even younger than their female counterparts; most are between 15 and 20 years old. The male prostitutes don't walk the streets the way the women do. They loiter behind the Springfield Newspapers building and the Peter Pan bus station, waiting for customers - generally older men - to pick them up." - Antiques 'stolen by prostitute' (An International Story - USA/Australia).

Profile of a pedophile: How a prominent Ware attorney preyed on troubled boys - and why some people in town continue to stand by him: "Sure, there were whispers: What did Pentlarge really want with these troubled boys? He was an out gay man, out and proud. When accusations of child molestation surfaced in the mid-1980s, Pentlarge and his friends deflected them by crying prejudice and homophobia. Well-meaning people were intimidated by the insinuation that questioning Pentlarge's motives was an act of bigotry, that it fed into a detestable stereotype that suggests gays are pedophiles at heart. But the whispers persisted. By the early 1990s, the volume grew loud enough to reach the ears of the state police. And then, investigators say, the boys themselves balked. They agreed to tell their stories, but hesitated to testify - out of fear and shame and, perhaps, admiration. Or even love... The Pentlarge case demonstrates how easy it is for society to remain blind to child sexual assault, especially when the victims are adolescent boys. It also shows that when the perpetrator is an otherwise upstanding member of the community and his victims are tainted by troubled pasts, it is painfully easy for justice to be denied..."

City of night (PDF Download) (by Three Dollar Bill): "Friedman, 30, hustled for seven months to pay the rent when he was a closeted freshman at the University of Minnesota a decade ago. "I was a sex worker long enough to figure it was exciting but not what I was looking for: The protections were very few... "A lot of hustlers are runaways," Mack explains. "They get propositioned all the time and eventually they say yes. It's not as awful as it's made out to be. Ideally the money is good and you develop relationships with people not from your side of the tracks, whereas the gay community is completely homogenized. You also become really good at talking with people. Sometimes all you do is talk. People are lonely."" - Saints and sinners: (Alternate Link) ""I had a stable of repeat customers," says the onetime gay hustler and Chicago native who used to place escort ads in newspapers when he attended the University of Minnesota. "I wedged them in around classes," he says."

Montreal, Canada: Study of 919 street youth, 71% male, 89% francophone - (Canadian Public Health Association) "Twenty one per cent of boys reported having engaged in prostitution and 10 of them were infected." - "Dynamique intrapsychique du sujet prostitué en regard d’un fonctionnement carencé: processus individuel et perspectives d’intervention". (Summary of a Master's thesis study on adolescent male prostitution, Université de Québec, 1993.) - Male Prostitution in Montreal: "On estime à plus de 230 le nombre de prostitués masculins qui travaillent sur la rue." - "A" pour actes, "M" pour mutuels: Le travail du sexe au masculin et le sida au Canada (PDF version of document available). - Prostitution masculine et risque d'infection au VIH. Persistance du risque après l'arrêt des comportements deprostitution: l’étude longitudinale OMEGA. - Débroussailleur et démystificateur: Dans son nouvel ouvrage, Michel Dorais éclaire le phénomène de la prostitution masculine. - Les Cowboys de la Nuit: Prostitution masculine. - Entretien avec l'auteur de "Travailleurs du sexe": Michel Dorais.

M is for MUTUAL, A is for ACTS: Male Sex Work and AIDS in Canada: - Études sur les jeunes de la rue et les jeunes hommes travailleurs du sexe au Canada. - Studies of Street Youth and Younger Male Sex Workers in Canada. - Clients des travailleurs du sexe hommes au Canada. - The Clients of Male Sex Workers in Canada. - Travail du sexe au masculin et identité sexuelle au Canada. - Male Sex Work and Sexual Identity in Canada. - Travailleurs du sexe hommes autochtones. - Aboriginal Male Sex Workers.

Reaching Out: Male and Female Sex Workers - Durban, 10 July 2000: "In the presentation from the US, Baney et al allowed that he and his research team were surprised that more people actually considered themselves sex workers, than he or his team had previously thought, and yet recruitment of commercial sex workers or body workers was always a challenge as they functioned in a world where distrust of others was as real an issue as the entrapment they faced. Some of the common counselling issues faced by these men in his sample were isolation, sexual compulsion, self-esteem and self worth, personal relationships and sexual objectification by themselves and their clients." - Sexwork Cyber Center: The Need For Sex Workers. Sex work Archives: http://archives.healthdev.net/sex-work.

The impact of transphobia on HIV risk behaviors among male-to-female transgenders in San Francisco (PDF Download): Focus Group (N = 48) & Cross-Sectional Sample (N = 332), most having had a commercial sex work history: 29% reported having attempted suicide, with another 15% having experienced suicidal ideation. - HIV risk behaviors among male-to-female transgender persons of color in San Francisco. - Gendered sex work in the San Francisco tenderloin.

Healthy Hustling. -  How "Healthy Hustling" was made. - Hook Online: A magazine for men in the sex work industry: Archive Article Search Available. - What It Cost by T.R.  I was a male prostitute from age 12 to 35. - How I got lost finding myself: The story of a young Amsterdam boytoy. - Body Work for Men. - Working Safely. - Suited & Booted. - The Bill Gates of hustlers: PDF Download.

Male prostitution challenges feminists arguments: "While it is in fact true that the majority of prostitutes in this country and the world are female, and that the majority of clients are men, a more serious consideration of male prostitution might greatly enrich the feminist debate precisely because it would serve to complicate the arguments of both sides. If prostitution is simply an expression of men's sexual dominance over women, then what is the social significance of male prostitution, of the availability of male bodies for sexual use on the market?" Live! Nude! Boys! How I spent a year preparing to be a hot-bodied stripper - then decided I didn't want to be an object of desire. - Study: Male sex trade workers need support (Calgary, Alberta).

McIntyre S (2005). Under the Radar: The Sexual Exploitation of Young Men. PDF Download. Executive Summary.

Some Study results for 37 male youth prostitutes in Alberta (For More Information):

Young men in this study were gay, heterosexual and bisexual 54% of this population are of Aboriginal heritage [61%]* 51% had involvement with Child Welfare Services [55%] Over half of this population had grown up in care. 60% had a history of being thrown out of their homes [51%] 65% had not completed high school [65%] 95% had a history of running away [83%] 86% experienced staying in shelters [64%] 57-70% had a history prior to the street of being sexually violated 86% had been physically violated or abused while growing up 73% began the sex work under the age of 18 [73%] 49% began sex work by the age of 15 35% began sex work by the age of 13 Males enter the trade younger and stay longer than young women Drug use is extensive Almost everyone felt no one should do this type of work The fear of gay-bashing exists 54% identified periods of contemplation of self-harm [69%] began hustling because they needed a way to make quick cash [51%[ were introduced to the trade by a friend * Percentages in Square Brackets (e.g. {64%]) are from the larger McIntyre (2009) Study.

LATIN AMERICA / CARIBBEAN:

Lila's House: Male Prostitution in Latin America - 1998 - by Jacobo Schifter "Twenty-five young men between the ages of 13 and 27 were interviewed for this study." Book Abstract and Contents available via Haworth Press' Online Catalogue. (Commentaries from Amazon.com) - In Spanish: La casa de Lila. Un estudio sobre la prostitucion masculina. (Book Review).

HIV among gay and other men who have sex with men in Latin America and the Caribbean: a hidden epidemic? "MSM in the region are culturally diverse, with mediation of social class, sex, and ethnicity. Around core gay subcultures, non-gay identified MSM interact with them and frequently exchange sex for goods."

Azaola E  (2000). Boy and Girl Victims of Sexual Exploitation in Mexico.  UNICEF-DIF. PDF Download. "In general, it could be said that while boys who are being exploited predominate in the tourist zone (la Costera, la Condesa), girls prevail in the centre zone, as has happened for a long time back in the hotels and bars of the red light district.... Some of these boys are transvestites and for this reason, especially at night, they dress as women. Some of them also take hormones to transform their bodies... Another transvestite boy, aged 15, that we interviewed on the beach, said that he was born in Guadalajara and that he left home when he was 12 to go and live in the streets in Mexico City where he was in an institution for some time, but left because he wanted to go to Acapulco. He explained that one of the reasons why he decided to leave home and then the institution was because they made fun of him. Now he lives near the beach with a group of friends who prostitute themselves like him. He explained that he finds his clients during the day on the beach or at night in the streets where he dances a bit to attract attention... One 17 year old boy who lives in the streets explained why boys like himself prostitute themselves. He said: “I’m from Altamirano but I’ve been here for several years now. The first time I went to the main square (Zócalo) and joined the others. I left home because of family problems and because my mother preferred that man to me... I left home when I was 8 and I’ve only been back twice since then. I’ve met many people in the Zócalo who live in the streets..."

Fisicoculturistas "for sale" - La explotación del físico masculino mediante el oficio más antiguo del mundo: Una investigación especial de Miguel Ángel  Espinosa: "Claro, es más sencillo el ignorar algo de esta magnitud, pero la realidad es otra. La prostitución masculina es algo que puede estar a la vuelta de la esquina, en la escuela, en los bares, en las colonias "bien" y en los barrios de mala muerte, en internet, en periódicos y revistas, cines, parques y avenidas. A diferencia de las mujeres, los chicos son por lo general más caros, esto, cuando se trata de tener sexo con otros hombres, y un poco más accesibles cuando lo harán con mujeres. Hay prostitutos heterosexuales, bisexuales y homosexuales. Otra gran variedad de estos son los chavos que se visten de mujer, los trasvestis, que poco a poco han ganado terreno frente a la competencia, las mujeres, mejor dicho, ganándoles las calles." - El servicio escort gay, mucho más que sexo y diversión: "Ser escort gay profesional requiere mucho más que un rostro varonil o un cuerpo perfecto. Además de proporcionar masajes y sexo, los expertos en la materia son educados, finos y cultos. Descubre qué es el escorting. ¿Contratarías uno?"

Prostitución Masculina: Así de sencillo, puedes contratar prostitutos, van desde clasificados en periódicos donde puedes encontrar mínimo 10 anuncios de hombres de entre 15 y 30 años que ofrecen sus servicios, veladamente como compañía, masajistas o strippers, pero esperando vender sexo; los que se anuncian en internet, los que se ubican en las calles, los sexoservidores con efigie de mujer, y hasta los llamados "güachos" que son soldados que se ubican cerca de zonas militares. Manejan diferentes tarifas, tan disparadas que van de los 300 a 2000 mil pesos, pero todos desafían el riesgo de contraer enfermedades de transmisión sexual, violencia, además de corrupción y extorsión, tanto de los llamados "padrotes" y de las autoridades. Jerry, stripper, aseguró que de las 20 llamadas que recibe a la semana sólo dos son mujeres, es decir el 10 % se trata de clientes femeninos, el 90% restante son hombres; y para no "quedarse sin comer" dice que le es preciso acceder a dar servicio a hombres por la falta de mujeres que se animen a contratarlo...  "Los hombres en este país que buscan los servicios sexuales de los 'gays' no aceptan ser bisexuales u homosexuales y se escudan diciendo que ellos solamente penetran a un gay", dice Freddy... Muchos de los hombres que se prostituyen poseen un empleo regular durante el día, ganan salarios arriba del mínimo e incluso son estudiantes de nivel básico o bachillerato que viven con sus padres, sin que éstos se enteren de lo que hacen sus hijos... Las calles donde se prostituyen también son escenarios de violencia. Ahí son amenazados o golpeados por clientes u otros que repudian lo que hacen. Los clientes en ocasiones no les pagan por sus servicios y en el peor de los casos los llevan a sitios apartados donde los dejan abandonados. Con frecuencia se dan riñas entre los mismos compañeros de oficio...  Otra cara del sexo comercial masculino lo ejercen hombres con una imagen pública de mujer: las llamadas vestidas, diferenciadas de los travestis, que trabajan en bares. Las vestidas  son independientes, trabajan el sexo en la calle o en las carreteras, y son las que más sufren la extorsión."

Nuevas masculinidades: (Alternate Link)  "La migración y la prostitución masculina indígena en el Distrito Federal, en los recientes años, han representado una nueva problemática con características peculiares que ha retado las tradicionales formas de ser de los hombres. ¿A qué situaciones vivénciales se exponen en un medio ajeno al suyo? En un trabajo de tesis, tanto de licenciatura como de maestría en Antropología de la UNAM, por Patricio Villalba en 1998 y 2002, y un programa de doctorado sobre el análisis del fenómeno migratorio de jóvenes indígenas, se señala el enfrentamiento de dos culturas, la dominante y la dominada. Su condición de inmigrantes sin redes de apoyo, aunado al hecho de ser indígenas, empieza a manifestarse en desventaja, por lo que en estos jóvenes emergen diversos mecanismos psicológicos de defensa para ocultar la identidad que los delata como tales. En la capital, su identidad étnica pierde significado, ya no son nahuas, otomíes, totonacos y chinantecos, entre otros, ahora se les identifica simplemente como albañiles, taqueros, vendedores ambulantes o limpiaparabrisas. Las desigualdades sociales, económicas y culturales se concentran en las grandes ciudades. Y al adentrarse en ellas las necesidades van en aumento, es cuando entran en escena toda suerte de oportunistas que los engañan, roban o vejan. Este estudio refleja que 30 jóvenes indígenas emigrantes de los estados de Chiapas, Guerrero, Estado de México, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla y Veracruz, con edades desde 15 a 23 años, un bajo nivel educativo, optaron por la prostitución como un medio para subsistir en su nuevo contexto socio-cultual..."

Brazil: - Prostituição masculina. - Prostituição masculina muitos conceitos para várias práticas. - Idéal physique féminin, gay et travesti au Brésil ou nouvel esthétisme du corps technologique?: "Dans la prostitution masculine, la jeunesse est un capital, mais dont la rentabilité s’érode vite. De fait, il semble que le culte de la jeunesse soit encore plus en vogue au Brésil qu’en Europe. Par contre pour aller travailler en Europe, le travesti doit être ‘produite’, c’est-à-dire être passer par le processus de chirurgie esthétique. Une ‘bombadeira’ avec vingt ans d’expériences de production de corps travestis me racontait que pour gagner de l’argent, le travesti se prostitue. Pour se prostituer le travesti a besoin d’un corps. Un corps produit. Pour attirer l’attention du client. Pour se sentir mieux avec soi-même. Ce n’est pas supportable de sortir dans la rue avec des seins faits de torchons. La honte, d’enlever ses vêtements et de perdre toutes ses plumes. Le travesti ne peut pas supporter cela. Alors, elle modifie son corps pour se sentir mieux et donner le meilleur au client. Avoir une prothèse mammaire, c’est le certificat leur permettant de gagner leur vie. Pour arriver à s’acheter une voiture, un appartement, c’est petites choses. Il faut faire appel à un chirurgien. Plus le corps est bien produit, le mieux il gagne sa vie (Mona, 2001)." - Introdução ao Tema da Prostituição Masculina.

Travesti: Sex, Gender, and Culture among Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes - 1998 - by Don Kulick (Abstract). - Anthropologist to Speak About Male Prostitutes Crossing Gender Lines in Brazil N/A.

The meeting of the michês - by Paulo Longo: In Brazil machismo rules and male prostitutes rarely dare admit they are gay. But the michês – or hustlers – of Rio are starting to come out of the shadows... Our experience has shown that poverty cannot be used as the only justification for prostitution. In our day-to-day work at Programa ‘Pegação’ – a slang word meaning ‘seducing’ or ‘catching someone for sex’ – most of the boys approach us first as potential clients. As time goes by, and the relationship gains more intimacy, we hear things like ‘With you I would have sex for free, ’cause I like you a lot’... Little by little, male prostitution is coming out of the shadows. This may not improve the way that it is viewed by others, but it does reflect an internal change. Until now, in the few academic papers, in the press and even in social debates, male sex work is not even up there with female sex work as ‘the oldest profession’... Michês working on the streets in Rio are generally very young, between 11 and 23 years old. (Profile of Paul Longo) (Alternate Link) - "Michê: la masculinité au marche ou les aléas de la "prostitution virile" au Brésil."

Human immunodeficiency virus incidence and risk behavior in the 'Projeto Rio': results of the first 5 years of the Rio de Janeiro open cohort of homosexual and bisexual men, 1994-98: "HIV incidence rate (IR).. differences were observed in four categories: (1) non-commercial sex workers and non-transvestites who had protected sex prior to study entry (IR 1.6 per 100 men-years); (2) non-commercial sex workers and non-transvestites who had unprotected sex prior to study entry (IR 2.7 per 100 men-years); (3) commercial sex workers (IR 3.5 per 100 men-years); and (4) transvestite groups (IR 16.8 per 100 men-years)."

"The ghetto is over, darling": emerging gay communities and gender and sexual politics in contemporary Brazil: "The objective of this article is to map out some of the key tensions and power dynamics involved in the apparent consolidation of gay communities/culture in Brazil and to explore what might be gained and lost and for whom in these recent transformations of Brazilian male homosexualities. The data was obtained from ethnographic fieldwork among a group of transvestite sex workers based out of GAPA..."

Argentina: - A profile of clients of male sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina. - Male sex workers in Cordoba, Argentina: sociodemographic characteristics and sex work experiences (Full Text: PDF Download) (Full Text).: "Male sex workers in Córdoba, Argentina: sociodemographic characteristics and sex work experiences (Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 13-3, 2003): "In terms of their self-identity, out of the 30 MSWs who answered the question, 10 of them (33.3%) self-identified as heterosexual and 9 (30%) as bisexual... The age of the respondents ranged from 18 to 37 years old. The mean age was 25.1 years. The single largest group of MSWs were between 18 and 21 years old. Those working as street sex workers were significantly younger (mean age of 21.7 years) than those working as independent MSWs (mean age of 29.3 years) (F1,29 = 20.82; P < 0.001)... When describing their sexual identity, the most frequent answer from the MSWs was "heterosexual (straight)," closely followed by "gay".

Ecuador: - El mercado del placer: Los Adocscentes y la Prostitucion. - PROSTITUCIÓN MASCULINA (PDF Download).

Bolivia: - Prostíbulos: Gays cobran fuerza en Santa Cruz:  El mercado del placer también es homosexual; se publicita en la prensa y hasta en Internet. Las ofertas son de jóvenes entre 18 y 25 años. El costo del servicio varía de Bs 100 a $us 50 la hora. Un anuncio en un diario llevó a Gonzalo hasta el lugar. Fue comisionado por El Nuevo Día para descubrir qué tipo de hombres eran los que ofrecían servicios sexuales a otros hombres, incluso por Internet... Este tipo de prostíbulos que funcionan como bares en la ciudad evidencian que la prostitución masculina ha cobrado fuerza, a pesar de la intolerancia de la sociedad ante el homosexualismo... En el boliche, José insiste en venderle a Gonzalo sus muchachos. Éste le indica que sólo fue a conocer el lugar para volver en otra oportunidad con más tiempo, obviamente finge estar interesado. El hombre le cuenta las mejoras que ha realizado en la casa: el living del fondo tiene aire acondicionado y sólo es para clientes vip. El muy zalamero lo invita a ir hasta allí: siente el cambio, el calor que no alivian los ventiladores se disipa de repente con el frío. Entonces nuestro curioso se anima a que le presente a los chicos, que tras unas palmadas aparecen al instante con sus torsos desnudos. Desfilan frente a él y mueven sus caderas sensualmente. José dice sus nombres, los que usan para este trabajo. A simple vista hay de diferentes edades, algunos aparentan ser adolescentes."

Chile: - Seroprevalence of AIDS in Chilean male and female prostitutes. II.Male prostitution. - Una mirada al desconocido mundo de la prostitución masculina en Santiago oriente. - Los peligros que envuelven a la prostitución masculina: Una de las tesis con que trabaja la policía es que Hans Pozo ejercía el comercio sexual. Esta posibilidad hace reflotar el drama en que se desenvuelven los hombres que se dedican a esta labor, marcada por la enorme desprotección. Una de las líneas de investigación de la policía en torno al asesinato de Hans Pozo Vergara apunta al mundo del comercio sexual masculino. El joven se habría prostituido para poder satisfacer su adicción a la pasta base. El jefe regional de la Brigada de Homicidios, Rubén Molina, prefirió no referirse al tema. Diego tiene 27 años y hace cinco se convirtió en trabajador sexual. Sabe que lo que hace es peligroso, pero está dispuesto a seguir haciéndolo. "Igual uno se arriesga cuando va con el tipo, no se sabe con qué te vas a encontrar. No sabes si el tipo te va a sacar una cortapluma entre medio del auto después, de repente ni te pagan. A mí me han pegado dos veces no más, pero yo he visto otras cosas: pegan con palos y puntazos", manifestó el joven.

Peru: - ¡La Oferta de Chaperos/Fletes (Putos) va en Crecida!: "Muchos de estos "trabajadores sexuales" buscan hacer creer que ellos, viven al margen del "mundo" homosexual en sentido estricto, aunque en su contrapartese convierten en sus parásitos y a veces en sus verdugos, ya que en algunas ocasiones hemos oído noticias de ataques de estos contra sus ocasionales clientes sobre todo cuando el contacto es mas continuo. En Lima es muy habitual verlos en zonas como el Centro histórico o en el distrito "open" de Miraflores. Algunos dicen ser "hombres que se prostituyen para los gays" y aunque son homosexuales, la mayoría no se considera a si mismo como tales, en tanto que habitualmente sienten también una forma de atracción hacia el sexo femenino. - Prostitución gay en Lima. Negocio redondo en corazón de Miraflores: "El departamento está a nombre de Luz Gayoso de 24 años y la línea telefónica a nombre de Francisco Velit de 23. La policía investiga su participación en este negocio. Por lo pronto, la Municipalidad de Miraflores ya aplicó su propia sanción." - Municipalidad de Lima continúa persecución contra homosexuales: "El serenazgo de la Municipalidad de Lima intervino a más de 50 jóvenes que, según el noticiario “90 segundos” (Frecuencia Latina), ejercían la prostitución homosexual en la Plaza San Martín..."

Uraguay: - Sexual transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections among male transvestite comercial sex workers in Montevideo, Uruguay.

Guatamala: - Pas oublié, mais parti - Notes (in French) on adolescent male prostitution in Guatemala.

Venezuela: - Crisis social: la pobreza obliga a niños y jóvenes a vender su cuerpo para poder subsistir: Se multiplica casos de prostitución infantil en Venezuela. Se estima que existen entre 40.000 y 50.000 casos en el país... "Prostitución masculina también aumenta: La crisis económica que atraviesa el país también ha provocado que se incrementen, en los últimos años, los casos de prostitución masculina en la ciudad capital. En un estudio realizado por la Prefectura de Caracas, en la Parroquia Santa Teresa -zona donde se ha recibido la mayor cantidad de denuncias por los casos de prostitución- se detectó que por cada 40 mujeres que se dedican a esta actividad existen 30 hombres."

El Salvadoe: - Hombres al mejor postor: "Hombres de entre 15 a 30 años se anuncian en los diarios como masajistas o como bailarines o se sitúan en calles de la capital vendiendo sexo al mejor postor. ¿Qué hay tras ese comercio sexual? ¿Lo hacen por necesidad o por placer? ¿Hasta dónde llegan por dinero? ... “Jóvenes universitarios ofrecen compañía”, decía el clasificado de un periódico. Eso y un número de teléfono celular era todo lo que teníamos para comenzar un reportaje sobre prostitución masculina en San Salvador... FUNDASIDA realizó entre mayo y noviembre del 2000 un diagnóstico a 153 hombres entre los 16 y 30 años para evaluar los riesgos y las prácticas sexuales a los que están expuestos. Este determinó que el 60.2% de ese total es homosexual; el 26.2%, bisexual; el 2.0%, heterosexual; 19.8% es transexual y un 0.7% transgéneros... Haber sufrido abusos sexuales siendo niños puede ser un factor de riesgo que provoque la prostitución masculina, señala la doctora Margarita Mendoza Burgos, siquiatra infanto juvenil y terapeuta de familia... Precisamente el consumismo, la migración de salvadoreños al exterior, el acceso fácil a la pornografía, la internet y los mensajes abiertos sobre sexo en los medios de comunicación son también factores determinantes para que el comercio sexual haya aumentado en los últimos años en el país. “Los muchachos están recibiendo mensajes consumistas. El país mismo ha entrado en un proceso de liberalización sexual y la información sobre sexo está más a la mano que nunca”, dice la profesional."

Dominican Republic: -Final Report for the AIDSCAP Program in the Dominican Republic October 1993 to April 1997: "ASA found that many self-identified sub-groups existed within the larger MWM population. This included bisexuals, transsexuals, transvestites, and homosexuals. Some of the sub-groups also involved in commercial sex work deemed necessary the development of specific STI/HIV/AIDS  strategies for these sub-groups. - Proceso de expansión de la comunidad homosexual en la sociedad dominicana en los últimos 30 años. - Stigma, social inequality, and HIV risk disclosure among Dominican male sex workers.

Homosexuales Que Ejercen la Prostitucion en la Avenida San Vicente de Paul (2009, YouTube, Translation): República Dominicana, este reportaje homosexuales que tienen como modo de supervivencia la prostitucion hacen revelaciones importantes a las camaras. del periodico digital.

Los travestis están llenos de temor ante asesinatos de ocho compañeros (2009, YouTube, Translation): SANTO DOMINGO, República Dominicana.- Expresiones como la de este transexual eran comunes en el Cementerio Cristo Redentor durante el sepelio de Kelly, como se daba a conocer entre sus compañeros travestis el joven Alejandro Correa Pichardo, asesinado la noche del miércoles 25 de noviembre en la avenida Ortega y Gasset... El transexual Rafael del Orbe, conocido en la agrupación Transa como Thalía Armendares ha participado en protestas pacíficas destinadas a hacer valer lo que entiende son los derechos de los homosexuales, travestis, lesbianas y transexuales de la República Dominicana, dice que su mayor preocupación ha sido la impunidad en que se quedan los asesinatos de sus compañeros.

Martinique et Guadeloupe - L'honneur des makoumès: "Alors que l’homosexualité reste largement interdite dans les Caraïbes, en Martinique et en Guadeloupe, les mentalités commencent à changer... Depuis trois ans, toujours à proximité du centre-ville, des prostitués masculins travaillent aux abords du palais de justice. Fait relativement nouveau, en rapport avec la baisse généralisée du pouvoir d’achat en Martinique. Les pédés de l’île préfèrent fermer les yeux sur un phénomène qu’ils ne voudraient pas voir associé à l’homosexualité."

Jamaica - Teenage boys and the sex trade - A tragedy in waiting? "Within Kingston and St. Andrew's fancy houses and hotels, and outside along those daytime busy streets, twilight hides a sombre reality: scores of boys below the age of 19 years, frolicking with men two or three times their age in exchange for money...  He, however, explained that this activity mainly takes place in the Kingston and Montego Bay area, but should not be seen as sex workers in the strict sense. According to him, sex workers are persons whose main occupation is transactional sex.But regardless of whether they are sex workers or not, health workers believe the activities of the boys can cause serious long-term health problems, apart from STIs... "Many are afraid to stop it - some say they are born this way and some are being programmed. We try to counsel them, but it all boils down to money," Nurse Holly Alvaranga of the Glen Vincent Clinic said." - A night with male prostitutes. - A glimpse inside the lifestyle of a male prostitute. - Jamaican Newspaper Warns of Surge in Male Prostitutes.

Puerto Rico: - Sexual identity formation and AIDS prevention: an exploratory study of non-gay-identified Puerto Rican MSM from working class neighborhoods.

Haiti: - Reaching Out To Bring Young Haitians In: FHI Helps Two Organizations Work With Youth In High – Risk Settings (PDF Download): "With support from USAID and FHI, Dr. Boulos is overseeing a second behavioral surveillance survey of Haiti (the first was conducted in 2000) to assess the behaviors that put Haitians at risk for HIV. He explains, “Poverty is so extensive in Haiti that girls go into prostitution just to bring money home.” He noted that male prostitution – where, typically, poor, illiterate men sell sex to educated, middle class men–is also common..."

Cuba: - Prostitution and Sex Tourism in Cuba. Cuba in Transition, 11: 356-71. (PDF Download): "Male prostitution is also present in Havana. In Cuba, unlike in other Caribbean islands such as Jamaica,14 gay men dominate male prostitution. Hustlers and other gay men congregate nightly at the corner of the Cine Yara, in Vedado... Gay prostitution is similar to heterosexual prostitution. Hustlers cater mainly to European men, especially Italians. They charge between $30-$50. They see prostitution as a good way to make money, and generally do not prostitute themselves out of desperation or to support a drug or alcohol addiction... Transvestites are common within the gay community. Some transvestites simply dress in women’s clothes at night. Others are transsexuals, who have had operations to change their gender..."

Notes (in French) on male prostitution in Cuba for tourists - by voyager.com. "La prostitution masculine connaît aussi une augmentation notable au pays. Ce n'est pas une prostitution masculine habituelle, mais plutôt une façon subtile qu'ont certains hommes de soutirer tout ce qu'ils peuvent de leurs conquêtes féminines venues de l'étranger." - Premian documental sobre prostitución masculina en Cuba: "También el documental de hoy enfoca otra cuestión sobre la que apenas se habla: la prostitución masculina. Aunque se sitúa en el contexto y la realidad de Cuba, donde las situaciones política y social son especiales, 'El pulóver', trata aspectos que superan ese ámbito geográfico, entre ellos y principalmente el riesgo de contagio de Sida. En el debate que se abrirá al final estará presente el responsable del programa de reducción de daños con trabajadores masculinos del sexo que lleva a cabo Fundación Triangulo."

European Network Male Prostitution. -  First Meeting: 11 - 12 December, 1997, Amsterdam. - Lottery money for rent boy AIDS Project. - From the European Intervention Projects AIDS Prevention for Prostitutes: - Information about male (including transsexual and transvestite) prostitution in France. (Must scroll to locate information - in French.) - Male prostitution in Europe Training guide for health and social workers who deal with (foreign) male prostitutes. [Reference: Male prostitution in Europe; Training guide for health and social workers who deal with (foreign) male prostitutes. Available in English, French, German and Polish Editors: Georg Bröring & Tracey Pierpoint, April 1998 ] - Part II: Regional Survey of Sex Work Characteristics and Policy Change. - Hustling for HEALTH: Developing services for sex workers in Europe. - Male Prostitution in Europe. (From Full Text Article Listing, Prostitution in Finland). - ENMP: European Network Male prostitution (Information supplied by country. Related Information). - Les homosexuels croates demandent la légalisation de la prostitution. -  Rent-Boys, Barflies, and Kept Men: Men Involved in Sex with Men for Compensation in Prague.

Male prostitution within Europe: how to raise awareness for a non-issue? -  Male prostitution in Europe: Training guide for health and social workers who deal with (foreign) male prostitutes. - European Network Male Prostitution. - HIV- and STD- prevention for male prostitutes and male street-kids-how to reach the unreachables - "kiss" - a place for the homeless. - La prostitution masculine africaine en Europe: "Afrik.com : Y a-t-il un profil type du prostitué africain ? Amély-James Koh Bela : Les plus jeunes ont entre 16 et 20 ans, et sont vieillis sur les papiers lorsqu’ils n’ont pas l’âge légal en France. Mais il existe tous les âges chez les prostitués. J’ai même vu des papas de 55 ans. Souvent, ils sont pères de familles, mais en général, la famille ne sait pas qu’ils se prostituent..."

Chapter 4 - Put Yourself In My Place: The Gay Appropriation of Kylie “Unlikely” Minogue. Boys, Boys, Boys: Kylie Goes Cruising N/A: "Boy bands are the worst offenders; boys who are reared by their industry father figures and coerced into the sordid world of pop prostitution, where gay men are regarded as regular and valued clients and who tip well if their voyeuristic pleasures are pandered to. However whilst gay men are not adverse to ‘pop pederasty’, a satisfactory service does not suffice to be crowned with gay regality... Gay men embrace those who represent embodied conflicts similar to their own and whose oppression explodes into a torrent of sensuality that is sublimated through their sound."

La prostitution en Europe, une activité en constante mutation: "L'autre transformation de la prostitution à laquelle l'Europe doit faire face est la croissance importante de la prostitution masculine, qui peut atteindre près d'un tiers de la prostitution totale selon les pays concernés. Or, les législations ont souvent été établies en ne considérant que les femmes. C'est le cas de l'Angleterre et le Pays de Galles, ou de la Grèce. Les lois doivent donc s'adapter à cette nouvelle réalité. Mais la prostitution masculine reste difficile à appréhender dans la mesure où peu d'études lui sont consacrées. Lorsque le thème est abordé, il l'est le plus souvent du point de vue de la toxicomanie, alors que la réalité de la prostitution masculine est beaucoup plus complexe. Le phénomène concerne à la fois des homosexuels, des transsexuels, des travestis ou des hétérosexuels (agences d'escorts), la clientèle étant très largement masculine. Si le phénomène reste difficile à analyser, c'est aussi parce que les situations vécues par les hommes sont plus diverses que celles des femmes. Ils sont beaucoup moins victimes de violences, à l'exception des travestis et des transsexuels, recherchés par des hommes hétérosexuels pour leur féminité affichée."

England: - Prostitution Services : An Exploratory Empirical Analysis:  "This study provides an empirical analysis of the market for some male prostitution services in the UK."  - The Lifeline Sex Work Survey Report N/A (152 pages) provides background and findings of a national sex worker survey undertaken in 1998. The survey contacted male and female sex workers working in various aspects of the industry both on and off street. - Male Sex Workers in Brighton, Hove & Lewes: an Evaluation of Sexual Health Knowledge & Needs. - The Face: "You played me Piccadilly Palare... "'Palare' is gypsy slang that was adopted by the theatre and in the Seventies I heard it being used by male prostitutes (laughs). They have their own code words for sizing people up and talking among themselves. The song is about male prostitution in Piccadilly. It became a very big thing during the Seventies. Were you ever aware of documentaries like Johnny Go Home? In the North, among most people I know, there was something oddly romantic about the whole thing. It spelt 'freedom'. Catching a coach and spending a day in Piccadilly was extraordinary. It's very glitzy now because Soho's been cleaned up, but then it was quite... powerful."You write a lot about the homosexual experience..."  - The song 'Piccadilly Palare' is about male prostitution.  - Setting up a support service for male prostitutes in London. - West, D.J., Boys and Sexual Abuse: An English Opinion, in: Archives of Sexual Behavior, 12/1998 (Full Text or access via Index Page)

England: - Men for Hire: It is estimated up to 80,000 men and women are involved in prostitution in the UK. Some male prostitutes work for female clients but most are paid for having sex with other men. For the most part, male prostitution takes place indoors, not on the street and much of the business results from advertising on the internet.  More than one third of the men selling sex in Britain are from overseas. Dean grew up in Greece and like many gay men, he came to London to explore his sexuality..." - Abandoned, vulnerable and exploited: Britain's rent boys: It is a hidden world - but the numbers of boys being forced into prostitution is an untold scandal. - Former MI5 spy - I was a rent boy.

Liberal Democrat embroiled in male prostitution scandal. - Mark Oaten resigns over rent boy claim. - Lib Dems left reeling by Oaten rent boy scandal. - A rent boy's story: "Mark Oaten isn't the first married man to visit a male prostitute. But what's it like from the other side? Rent boy Erin Smith tells his story, while therapist Phillip Hodson explains what drives successful men to sexual self-destruction... Erin Smith, 24, is one of an estimated 10,000 gay escorts plying their trade in London. Erin, who is slim, has dyed blond hair and is around 5ft 10in, works at the top end of the market, and a night in his company costs between £450 and £600 with or without sex. His recent client list includes "a plastic surgeon, a film director, a member of the House of Lords and at least two well-known journalists".

Our Work: SW5 is an organisation working with men and transgender people who sell sex: "The world of male and transgender sex work has changed enormously in the last five years or more. With things like the advent of mobile phones and the internet, changes in the laws around the age of consent for men having sex with men and pornography, the sex industry has developed rapidly. There seems to be less visibility of sex being sold and exchanged on the streets in London and more through mobile phone contact via cafes, bars, adverts in the press and also through the internet. Less and less clients also seem to identify as street homeless. They choose instead to stay in a variety of other environments they considered safer, such as with punters or on floors and sofas at friends homes or staying up all night in saunas and clubs. There was a move away from being street homeless to becoming the hidden homeless. Male and transgender prostitution also seems to have less taboo surrounding it than it had in the past. A lot more individuals are making the choice to enter the sex industry rather than simply having to as a means of survival, or having been coerced. This is also coupled with a growing demand and support for the recognition of and rights of sex workers." -  Working Men Project: A free, friendly and confidential specialist sexual health service for men who sell sex or work in the commercial male sex industry.

Bernado's Young Men Project.: A past project.  - Survivors UK: Understanding male childhood sexual abuse and rape.  Safe in the City: Safe In The City Supporting young male sex workers. Safe in the City has been supporting young male sex workers in Liverpool since 1997. - London Lads. - Considerations for Potential Sex Workers - "From the age of thirteen when I read a magazine article and realized men and boys could also work as prostitutes I wanted to be a Hustler."  Legalities, Health Issues, Safety, and Financial aspects presented N/A. - Advice for male youth contemplating sex work, including value of work: "If you are very cute and young you can ask for what you want! from £80 -200 ($100 - 300 ) a session. But you need to be top grade for that." - 11 year olds selling gay sex as rent boys. 

A national conference took place on male youth prostitution: "At London's Piccadilly, around fifty male prostitutes gather each night to sell sex. Many of the men are homeless. Some are drug dependent. Some speak very poor English. A substantial number are under eighteen years old. A few are as young as fourteen. "There is no set pattern of how young guys get into renting," says Tim Franks of the Gay Aids Initiative Project (GAI), which runs a drop in centre for young men selling sex in Nottingham... Unlike the street corner prostitution of women, young male renting stays mostly underground, out of the public eye. It is a hidden problem that few are willing to tackle. Until now... Some lads make a substantial amount of money from selling sex, so attempting to persuade them to 'exit', or leave the prostitution scene, is not always successful... A first step must be to repeal Section 28, which currently stops local authorities from providing safe spaces for gay teenagers. (Reference: The Dangerous Game, The Pink Paper, 12 Nov 99 by Gideon Burrows) - Once a Brethren Boy, An Autobiography by Noel Virtue (Autobiography). (AlternateLink) "When their son's burgeoning homosexuality became apparent, they responded by having the fifteen-year-old committed to Kingseat Hospital to be 'cured' by electric shock treatment. In this compelling autobiography, Noel Virtue relives these painful years. He describes his escape to Australia, then to London, where he was free to frequent all-night gay clubs and transvestite parties, and even indulge in male prostitution." (About the author)

Scotland: - UK Prostitution Documentary Information from ScotGay Magazine. - Deadly way to make a living N/A: "Concerns are growing over the increasing number of male prostitutes taking to the streets of Glasgow." - The punkest band in rock N/A: ""And the second punkest band in rock," says Frenzal Rhomb lead singer Jay. Massive! is sitting in a cafe (70 Please in my Kitchen in Newtown, Sydney) with Rhomb members Jay, Lex and Lindsay (Nat had to piss off), shortly they head for the US where they are touring with Less Than Jake and Blink 182. We tried to talk to them about their new album, their past and life on the road. Um, this is what we got... Jay: I was born in Glasgow in 1972. I was an orphan until I was about 15 until I met Lex and he sort of fathered me. He was my male role model for quite a while. Lex: I told him how to grow dreads. Jay: Lex was a male prostitute until I met him. Once he got the father figure role happening he gave that away." - Some items in bibliography: Barrett et al (1997) Child prostitution in Britain: dilemmas and practical responses. The Children's Society, London; Bloor M, McKegney N and Bamard M (1990) 'An Ethnographic study of HIV - related Risk Practices among Glasgow Rent-boys and their clients: report of a pilot study. MRC Medical Sociology Unit, Glasgow University; Davies, P and Feldman R (1997) Prostitute men now, in Rethinking Prostitution: Purchasing Sex in the 1990's edited by Graham Scambler and Annette Scambler: Routledge, London and New York; Foster C (1991) Male youth prostitution; perspectives, policy and practice. Social Work Monographs, Norwich (no 100).  - Mapping Indoor Male Prostitution in Glasgow (PDF Download). - Men trafficked into Scotland as sex slaves (2010).

The Open Road Project: a service within the NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde area for men of any age who perform sexual acts in exchange for some form of payment. The project is currently based in the LGBT Centre in Bell Street, Glasgow.

FifeMen: Sex Worker: Sex workers workshops by Blonde Pete (PDF Download). - Stigma & Discrimination presentation (PDF Download). - New FifeMen Site.  - Scottish Prostitutes Education Project:  Promoting health and dignity in prostitution.

Ireland: - Country Report of Ireland  compiled for EUROPAP (European Intervention Projects AIDS Prevention for Prostitutes. The Project is part of  the 'Europe Against AIDS Programme'). - "The number of men working in the sex industry in Ireland is difficult to estimate. Many drift in and out of prostitution for longer or shorter periods. Though many male prostitutes identify themselves as gay, the majority identify themselves as bisexual or heterosexual." - The Dirty Boys of Dublin: (Warning: Some Nude Pictures.) - "But 'Dirty' also means sex. Why run away from it?  As survivors of rape, incest, child prostitution (coppers, priests, counselors - the lot of you!) we have neither innocence nor illusions... In time we hope to expand  this site to include all kinds of information and data helpful and necessary to the survival of our brothers still on the street as well as providing a forum for sharing experiences and useful contacts."  - Information related to The Dirty Boys of Dublin. - Problem of prostitution now recognised. - Short summary of articles related to male prostitution.(Alternate Link) - Male Prostitution by ENMP. (See: "Manual: Tips, tricks and models of good practice for service providers considering, planning or implementing services for male sex workers" - a 5 Meg Download.). Mc Gabe, Ian (2005). Male street prostitution in Dublin and San Francisco: A psychocultural analysis. PsyD Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies. Word Abstract. Word Full Text.

The Irish Network Male Prostitution (INMP) launched a very important report in June. ‘Such A Taboo ’ – an analysis of service need and service provision for males in prostitution in the Eastern Region of the Republic of Ireland. (Related Information in PDF Download of a Swiss Newsletter at http://www.malesexwork.ch/. See also PDF Download. - Prostitution and health: "It may be the final taboo. Ireland continues to turn its back on the existence of male prostitution, a potent combination of homosexuality, vice, abuse and shame. It is estimated that as many as 600 young men, some under the age of consent, are working at least part-time as prostitutes, rent boys, or 'escorts' in Ireland today..." - Rent: The Untold Story of Male Prostitution in Dublin. - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Such a Taboo. "In 1997 the Gay Men’s Health Project carried out the first piece of Irish research that is specific to males in prostitution...: Such a Taboo: An analysis of service needs and service provisionsfor male in prostitution in the eastern region (PDF Download). "In the research carried out by the Gay Men’s Health Project, 27 respondents were asked why they had got involved in paid sex work. Answers varied: for one man, who had started at the age of 13 it was the “idea that someone wanted you, the money came after”. For another respondent it was about “being approved of”. For many it was “for the money” or “the only way on the streets” (1997:17)... None of the respondents shared a common terminology when referring to males in prostitution. Choice of terminology depended on the age of the male and the reasons for involvement in prostitution. The following are a list of the most commonly uses terms for males in prostitution: male prostitutes, sex worker, rent boy, doing rent, working, showing, on the game and a barker...As will be outlined in Chapter Five, there is a huge need for training and education in the area of male prostitution. Very little is known about males in prostitution by society in general or by the service providers who come into contact with them. This can partly be attributed to the lack of research in the area, but it is largely due to the clandestine nature of male prostitution... In the experience of service providers, the stigma surrounding male prostitution has meant that those involved feel they cannot open up to the service providers or to their own peer group... If male prostitution in general is clandestine then underage prostitution is even more so. The primary reason is the stigma within the peer group, which has meant that underage boys are even less likely to disclose than their overage counterparts. “ ... it is looked down on in the peer group so there is a risk of being ostracised by the rest of the group if they find out.

Notes on Irish Male Prostitution.("Male prostitution study shows link with drugs...," Irish Times, 30 July 1997) - Male prostitution study shows link with drugs: "Four (15 per cent) of the boys surveyed were introduced to prostitution when aged 13, but most were in the 14 to19 age bracket." - Secret gay lives of Irish married men: (Alternate Link) "Married men who have tried to hide their homosexuality make up the majority of the clientele of Dublin's male prostitutes, estimated to number as many as 600. Kathryn Holmquist meets the author of a new study of this invisible subculture... Rent: the Secret World of Male Prostitution in Dublin by Evanna Kearins, is published by Marino today." - Ireland: Facts on Prostitution: "The market for younger "rent boys" is the greatest and offers higher financial rewards (Outreach worker, David Sleator, "Drug abuse leads to sex and violence in Phoenix Park," Irish Times, 12 April 1997)." - Stigma of male prostitution hampers health aid.

The Secret World of Male Prostitution in Dublin - 1999 - by Evanna Kearins. (Evanna Kearins, MA in Journalism 1999) - Commentary: "There is anecdotal evidence that suggests that a number of TGs are sex workers in one of the categories, whether for financial reasons or otherwise. The Gay Mens Health project carried out surveys in 1996 and 1999 into gay sex workers and the results of a similar investigation was published as a degree thesis in 1999 for Dublin City University by Evanna Kearins entitled The Secret World of Male Prostitution in Dublin. These surveys, to which an extremely tiny number responded, concluded that sex workers were divided into two groups on educational and class lines, "on-street sex workers" who appeared to come from the uneducated lower classes and "off-street sex workers ie masseurs, escorts etc" who appeared to belong to a higher social class and were more educated."

France: -  Country Report of France. Information given about male prostitution in Paris with reference to HIV prevention efforts. - Phénomène prostitution: Quelles approches? - Prostitution et travail sexuel : le client: "Annoncer comme le propose Alain Lipietz que «Certes plus de 30% des personnes prostituées en France sont des hommes, mais, comme le remarque Daniel Welzer-Lang, "ces hommes sont utilisés comme des femmes". - Le Mouvement du Nid est une association de soutien aux personnes prostituées. Nous agissons également au niveau de la prévention auprès des personnes en danger de prostitution: Témoignage d'Alexandre, prostitué de 26 ans à Paris. - Panorama de la Prostitution Actuelle: "La prostitution masculine est en forte augmentation, elle atteint même 30 % à Paris et dans les grandes agglomérations." - Destins de l'homosexualité masculine maghrébine: entre unions 'imposées', prostitution et mort sociale?

Prostitution et identité sexuelle : la prévention face à la personne: "Le public que nous accueillons est majoritairement composé de jeunes hommes adultes (principalement entre 18 et 25 ans) mais nous rencontrons sur ce site également de jeunes mineurs. Notons que depuis maintenant un an, une cinquantaine de roumains âgés de 11 à 17 ans sont arrivés simultanément et se prostituent sur ce site... La prostitution masculine bien sûr a de multiples liens avec la question de l'identité sexuelle: Souvent ceux d'entre eux qui ont revendiqué leur identité homosexuelle ont connu le rejet, d'autres se sont exilés de peur d'avoir à la révéler. Ces jeunes sont emprisonnés dans un double silence : le leur et celui de leur entourage qui souhaite ignorer ou taire ce malaise. Ils ne voient comme horizon que la fuite pour exister. Bien sûr cette situation a souvent des conséquences désastreuses sur l'estime de soi et donc potentiellement sur la prévention. Parmi les jeunes rencontrés, beaucoup se déclarent bisexuels (peut-être parfois pour estomper la culpabilité qu'ils éprouvent), ou encore hétérosexuels déclarant ne fréquenter les hommes que pour l'argent qu'ils leur procurent."

Prostitution Racolages sur les boulevards: Aux abords de la gare du Nord, de jeunes hommes sont assis, bouteille de vin à la main. Le regard hagard, ils échangent quelques paroles. Contrairement à ce que l’on pourrait croire, ce ne sont pas des SDF. Le petit regard en coin qu’ils jettent à chaque voiture qui passe devant eux les trahit. Ils sont très jeunes, parfois adolescents. Ils viennent de l’Est, de Roumanie pour la plupart, pour se prostituer. La prostitution masculine est en progression (presque un tiers des prostitués sont des hommes) et, sur les trottoirs parisiens, ils sont plusieurs centaines, transsexuels, travestis ou pas..." - La consommation de drogues dans le milieu de la prostitution masculine: L'étude a été réalisée en 2002, à Marseille et à Paris, auprès de 128 garçons et 124 transgenres à partir d'un certain nombre d'entretiens approfondis et surtout de questionnaires portant sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques..." (Download Page: PDF Download). - La prostitution masculine s'est transformée.

Italy: - Signorile In Italy: Murder Among The Ruins By Michelangelo Signorile : -(Part 1) "He came to Rome with a job lined up working for the city, but it fell through within weeks of his arrival. He met some young friends, other boys, who introduced him to hustling. They meet men at parks like the Monte Caprino or Villa Borghese, or in gay nightclubs that cater to hustlers and their johns, such as Incognito 2000."  Investigating hustler related murders. - Blood and Memes on the Marciapiede Memetics and Migration. - Condom use with clients and private partners among transvestites in Italy. Country Report Italy.  - Male and female prostitution networks in Rome: a majority of Romanian children! (PDF Download)  - Reggio Emilia: blitz contro la prostituzione maschile. - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Roma di notte. Un giro di ragazzi rumeni, italiani e curdi che si prostituiscono saltuariamente e raramente diventano professionisti. E' il mondo che abbiamo incontrato accompagnando il furgoncino della Lila che fa prevenzione dell’Aids e delle Mts fra i “lavoratori del sesso” ... Un giro di ragazzi rumeni, italiani e curdi, spesso minorenni, che si prostituiscono saltuariamente e per periodi brevi e raramente diventano professionisti....  È un progetto voluto e finanziato dal comune di Roma e rivolto a donne, uomini e trans che si prostituiscono in strada, la finalità è la riduzione del danno, cioè evitare o almeno controllare le malattie a trasmissione sessuale, prima fra tutte per pericolosità, l’aids...

Portugal: - Prostituição masculina em Lisboa: "Um “rapaz,  26 anos, atraente, sexy e discreto“, como ele mesmo se descreve em anúncios de jornais, diz que o mercado da prostituição masculina em Lisboa, ao contrário do que se imagina, é "muito compensador". Vindo do Brasil, Salvador, há 4 anos, começou por trabalhar como empregado de mesa, mas 6 meses depois, após ter recebido uma proposta muito generosa  de “um senhor, percebeu que poderia ganhar muito mais dinheiro sem ter de se esforçar tanto e ainda “ter prazer“. E afirma que já ganhou muito dinheiro com o negócio do sexo... O dono de uma agência de acompanhantes com quem falei por telefone, contou-me que cerca de 98% dos clientes são do sexo masculino, a maioria de classe "média  alta." Ainda segundo este, muitos dos prostitutos que entram na profissão dizem pretender ter relações exclusivamente com mulheres, mas devido à escassa procura por  parte destas, acabam aceitando também as ofertas de clientes masculinos... Para os donos das agências a única coisa que parece importar é o dinheiro. Se o aspirante a prostituto, é minimamente atraente, e tem vontade de trabalhar já está empregado. Em alguns casos, mesmo sendo menor de idade. Ainda segundo o meu entrevistado, “nas agências são comuns os pedidos de clientes querendo rapazes com menos de 15 anos, principalmente por parte de turistas estrangeiros, dispostos a pagar muito caro por um encontro com um ou vários adolescentes ao mesmo tempo... Os preços do prazer variam entre 15 a 30 euros, no caso dos prostitutos de rua, com os quais é possível regatear, os 50 a 100 euros no caso dos massagistas, e 150 a 300 euros, no caso dos que trabalham por conta própria ou através de agencias... "

Spain:  - Sexual History of a Sample of Male Sex Workers in Spain. -  49 charged in boy prostitution case - Spanish child prostitution trial ends (BBC). - Risk of HIV infection among male sex workers in Spain. - Sexual History of a Sample of Male Sex Workers in Spain. - Prostitución Masculina en Málaga: Un total de 82 hombres ejerce la prostitución en Málaga, debido a la inmigración y la droga, según un estudio. - Detenido en Barcelona hombre dedicado a prostitución gay. - Health Ministry finances a programme for male prostitutes in Malaga. - Country Report of Spain: "It is also important to point out that, with the exception of Médicos del Mundo, none of the programmes will deal with drug users or with male prostitutes, despite the fact that drug use is one of the major problems in prostitution. "  - La policía dice ahora que no hostiga a los "chaperos" de Legazpi, sino que les protege: Un oficial ordenó por escrito a los agentes "evitar" la prostitución masculina en la zona. - Un centenar de hombres ejercen la prostitución en Gipuzkoa. - Prevención del SIDA y apoyo social en la Prostitución Masculina. - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Prevención del SIDA y apoyo social en la Prostitución Masculina: Proyecto de ámbito nacional financiado por Ministerio de Sanidad y Comunidad de Madrid y realizado por Fundación Triángulo. - La Policía desmantela en Badajoz la primera red de prostitución masculina. - Desarticulada la primera red de prostitución masculina detectada en la región. - Sanidad financia en Málaga un programa piloto con hombres que se prostituyen: "El trabajo de campo realizado por la asociación Ojalá ha permitido establecer contacto con 120 chaperos que ejercen en la capital y en Torremolinos Más del 80% son inmigrantes y la mayoría manda dinero a sus esposas e hijos." - Prostitución masculina en las Islas: El perfil de los trabajadores masculinos del sexo en Tenerife es el de un varón español, que ejerce en un piso privado o a domicilio y no está explotado. - Decide-T comienza a desarrollar un programa de prevención de VIH/SIDA en prostitución masculina y transexualidad en Alicante: La Asociación Decide-T de lesbianas, gays, transexuales y bisexuales de Alicante desarrolla, en colaboración con la Federación Estatal de Lesbianas, Gays, Bisexuales y Transexuales (FELGT), un programa de reducción de daños y prevención de VIH/SIDA enfocado al mundo de la prostitución. Este programa está subvencionado por el Ministerio de Sanidad.  - Polícia desmantelou rede de prostituição masculina na Espanha: "Em uma operação em setembro, batizada de Amazônia, a polícia espanhola desmantelou a primeira quadrilha acusada de explorar a prostituição masculina de heterossexuais no país..."

USUARIOS DE PROSTITUCIÓN MASCULINA: En 2003, la Asociación Stop sida y la Secretaría del Plan Nacional sobre el Sida realizaron un estudio, el "cuidate.info", con el objeto de recoger información relativa a las conductas sexuales de hombres que tienen relaciones sexuales con hombres que permitiera mejorar los abordajes y los mensajes preventivos a utilizar en ediciones posteriores de la campaña "Cuídate"13 [21].
Se presentan algunos datos relativos a 71 hombres que pagaron por los servicios sexuales que les prestaron otros hombres. Características sociodemográficas El 8,4% (71) de los participantes en el proyecto cuidate.info refirieron haber pagado para mantener relaciones sexuales con otros hombres. De ellos, el 94,3% era residente en España: el 38,6% en Barcelona, el 21,4% en Madrid, el 15,7% en Valencia y el 18,6% en otras provincias. El 17,1% tenía un país de origen distinto a España. El 38,6% vive solo y el 55,1% refiere haber completado estudios universitarios.

82 hombres ejercen prostitución en Málaga: La Red Europea de Prostitución advierte de que jóvenes trabajadores sexuales vienen a Málaga en época estival para ejercer este trabajo... El 89 por ciento de los trabajadores sexuales masculinos en la provincia son chaperos y el uno por ciento gigolós. Por otro lado, el ocho por ciento son transexuales y el dos por ciento travestis, según dicho estudio. Las edades van de los 18 a los 30 años, en un 52 por ciento; menores de 20 años, en un 26 por ciento; y más de 31 años, en un 22 por ciento. Además, el 55 por ciento procede de España, un 19 por ciento de países de América del Sur, un 18 por ciento de Africa, sobre todo Marruecos, y un ocho por ciento es de países de Europa del Este...

Belgium: - AMOC-DHV Report: "Sex workers can be devided in different categories. Socially there are three levels. At the highest there are the so-called escort-services. Good looking and intelligent boys are available for exquise parties. A second level includes the add-workers. Through adds in different kinds of newspapers clients are sollicitated. At the lowest level we find the street (parks, parkings, Shop Galleries) and bar prostitutes. On streetcorners and in bars clients can make their choice... ADZON is the only organisation that works specificly with male prostitutes. In addition to the outreach-workat the places where the youngsters sollicit their clients, ADZON disposes of a drop-in center where the youngsters can meet each other or the the social worker." - Rencontre d'organismes belges actifs dans le milieu de la prostitution masculine. - Country Report Belgium. - Male sex workers in Antwerp, Belgium: a descriptive study. - Boysproject: une organisation sociale Anversoise au profit de garçons et d’hommes travaillant dans la prostitution. - Male Prostitution by ENMP. - Belgium Network: Male Prostitution. 

Netherlands: - Homodok's "Prostitution" Resources (Need to Register at Web Site).- AMOC/DHV Report: "Working with boys in the prostitution was also in 1997 a fixed component of the work of AMOC/DHV. In that streetwork plays an important role, inasmuch as most contacts are made in the street... Every night boys come to these bars to tender sexual services to, usually much older, homosexual men... The majority of boys in bar- and street-prostitution are foreigners. Many of them come from Western Europe but since 1990 there are also a lot of Eastern European boys, especially from countries like Rumania, Czechia or Poland." - Mannelijk sekswerk: dubbel gestigmatiseerd: "Waar vrouwelijke prostituees al met een scheef oog worden bekeken, zitten mannelijke hoeren helemaal in het verdomhoekje.De heteroseksuele mainstream zet homoseksuelen graag weg als seksueel pervers, maar ook de gay scène houdt er vreemde ideeën over hen op na. Mannelijke sekswerkers hebben verschillend strategieën om met die dubbele stigmatisering om te gaan." - Hoe jongens in de prostitutie beginnen (PDF Download) (Artikel geschreven op verzoek van het Informatiepunt Jeugprostitutie, TransAct, Utrecht. Dit artikel is gebaseerd op hoofdstuk 4, paragraaf 3, in: Paul van Gelder, Kwetsbaar, kleurig en schaduwrijk. Jongens met prostitutiecontacten: een verschijnsel in meervoud. Amsterdam: Thela-Thesis, 1998.

Homosexual prostitution among male drug users and its risk for HIV infection (Netherlands): "of the 449 study participants, 88 (20%) reported a history of prostitution... Younger age, West German nationality, and having had private homosexual sex contacts, were independent predictors of a history of prostitution." - Male Sex Workers. - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

APUTHEATRE: Our new production is "The Prostitution Plays". Four strong short plays performed consecutively in three hours of powerful, shocking theatre. Film Shows: "The plays explore the lives of young Eastern European men living and working illegally as prostitutes in Amsterdam. Set in the public spaces of a male brothel, a street bar, an hotel suite and Amsterdam's Central Station, young men of four different Eastern European cultures give us an insight into their experiences of life in "freedom city". Czech, Polish, Romanian and Russian, each have their own history, and each their own responses to the realities that face them here."

Switzerland - Zurich N/A: (This is a downloading file) - "Le projet Herrmann existe déjà depuis plus d'un an dans lamétropole alémanique. Zurich rassemble en ses murs près de lamoitié de la prostitution masculine de Suisse, soit entre 800 et1200 hommes. (Zurich has about half of the male prostitutes, at about one thousand.) - Report N/A - "Sex workers can be put in different categories. Socially we distingish three levels: · Home working boys and boys working in escort-services  · Boys working in clubs (brothels)  · Boys working in gay bars, discos and saunas  · Boys working on the street." - Outil de prévention contre le sida, le projet Herrmann aide les prostitués. Entretien avec Herbie Ammann, son responsable. - Projekt "Male Sex Work": Information for sex workers (PDF Download): "Male Sex Work" (MSW) s'adresse aux hommes qui pratiquent la prostitution homosexuelle." - Male Prostitution by ENMP. - Male Sex Work: "Dazu gehört das nationale Projekt "Male Sex Work”. Es richtet sich an männliche Sexarbeiter und deren soziales Umfeld (Kunden, Partner, Partnerinnen). Das Projekt MSW ist in den Städten Basel, Genf, Luzern und Zürich aktiv. Die Aids-Hilfe Schweiz arbeitet dabei mit lokalen Partnerorganisationen zusammen."

Male Sex Work, Genève: "Tu es un homme qui échange des services sexuels contre de l’argent ? Le service Male Sex Work (Genève), projet de l’association Aspasie (Genève), réalisé avec le soutien de l’Aide Suisse contre le Sida, t’offre conseils gratuits et documentation en lien avec ton activité."

Prostitué et fier de l’être: "Garagistes, étudiants, des hommes choisissent délibérément d’entrer dans la prostitution. Rencontre avec ces travailleurs du sexe qui considèrent leur corps comme une petite entreprise... Cette image comme figée dans le temps reflète une part majoritaire de la prostitution masculine. Pourtant depuis quelques années la scène du sexe tarifé vit une révolution. Dans les grandes villes de Suisse et d’Europe, des hommes engagés dans la vie active choisissent délibérément de quitter leur métier pour entrer dans la prostitution. - Evaluation Male Sex Work MSW.

Germany: - Sexual conduct and sexual identity in clients of male sexworkers. A 1992 Study. - Reaching Out: Male and Female Sex Workers - Durban, 10 July 2000: "Recent research has indicated that lower or working class men who have sex with men are three times more likely to be HIV positive than middle or upper class men. This proved a starting point for Bochow’s presentation of risk exposure and risk management strategies among gay male sex workers in Germany. From interviews with both call boys and hustlers, the author was able to replicate the findings of others: that the differences found in regard to HIV and safer sex practices were similar in these two groups as in a groups of lower and upper middle class gay men." - Pieper, R., Identity Management in Adolescent Male Prostitution in West Germany, from International Review of Modern Sociology, Vol. 9, July-December 1979, pp. 239-59. - Country Report Germany. - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Health promotion for male sex workers: results from an evaluation of the five projects in Germany for male prostitutes: "The average age of clients receiving services is 21; over 80% are from lower-class or working-class families; 52% have not completed schooling; at least 38% are homeless; only 53% are gay-identified; and 10-20% (in one city 80%) are HIV positive. An estimated 40% of clients are non-Germans, most from Eastern Europe."

Czechoslovakia: - Not Angels But Angels is a documentary about male prostitution in Prague. - GayWatch: Filmarchiv - Not Angels But Angels. -  PopcornQ Movies. - Rent boys: Sex workers living on society's edge: "Kevin began prostitution at 16 while still in school. His first client was a family member of his teacher. Prague's main train station Prague's main train station He quit three years ago because he couldn't get enough clients. He looked too old to compete with the more sought-after teenagers. And since he is Roma, he says prospective clients feared him because of negative Gypsy stereotypes. They thought he intended to rob them... etr started late compared the other male prostitutes. Mr. Sumegh says the average age at Project Opportunity is 17. The prostitutes there say some boys start as young as 11... " - HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic (Word Download): "Male prostitutes are most often young (17 years old on average).  The triggering factors leading to prostitution are likely to be financial difficulties and rejection from one’s family.  Prostitution can appear as an easy short-term solution for a young man seeking to emancipate himself – but many find it hard to stop.  While the vast majority are Czech citizens, the number of foreigners (Slovaks, Ukrainians and Hungarians) is increasing constantly and many originate from the Roma community." - Rent boys: Sex workers living on society's edge (Prague, Radio).

Hungary: - From OutUK: "Male prostitution is prevalent in Hungarian gay places, but not really professional." - Male Prostitution in Budapest Hungary: Hustlers, Clients. -  HIV risk behavior among male sex workers in Budapest, Hungary N/A (XIV International AIDS Conference, 2002): "A total of 469 men who have sex with men surveyed in Budapest gay community venues in 2001... We analyzed separately the sub-sample of 80 males who exchanged sex for money.... High-risk behavioral practices were common, about 40% of men engaged in unprotected anal intercourse at least once in the past three months. With respect to the past year, 41% said that they had female partners." - Gay Hungary - It's Not Easy to Understand.

Romania: - Ceausescu's Orphans.

Poland: - An Interview with Zbigniew Halat: "Young boys of 10 or 12 hang around outside buses from Germany offering sex for very little money." - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Norway: - Report: Male Prostitution by ENMP) - "Most of the men in this project were between 18 and 30 years of age... The contacts in male sex work takes place in streets, parks, pubs, hotels and advertisements in special magazines. It is not organised, as far as we know. The boys and men doing sex work are a heterogeneous group. They are different in age, background, sexual experiences and preferences. Male sex workers may look upon themselves either homosexual or heterosexual... According to a study on all youngsters in all Oslo`s schools (N 10 810) we learned to know that some of them had experience from selling sex. 1.4 % of the adolescence in the age of 14-17 had ever sold sex. More than three times as many boys as girls had this experience." - This study is published in 2003: "Children and adolescents who sell sex: a community study" by Willy Pedersen & Kristinn Hegna. Social Science and Medicine, 56: 135-147 (PubMed Abstract). The "1.4%" of adolescents who sell sex consisted of 0.6% girls and 2.1% boys, meaning that for every "1" girl selling sex in Oslo, there are "3.5" boys selling sex. - Pro-sentret: is run by the Municipality of Oslo. It is a service catering for women and men who have experiences in sex trade.Pro-sentret is a national centre of excellence on the topic of prostitution.

Sweden: ILGA Eruroletter - "According to press reports Swedish parliament recently passed a law (re-) criminalizing (homo-)sexual relations against payment (punishing those who pay for (homo-)sexual contacts)." - Swedish cleric caught having sex with a male prostitute.  - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Denmark: -  Country Report: "Male sex- workers offer sex to men on the street, parks, in railway stations, bars, massage parlours, but also through telephone sex lines, through advertisments in newspapers or through escort services. Male prostitutes offer sex to women in cafeterias, in stores, bars and restaurants, through advertising or through escort services."

Latvia: - Male prostitution in Latvia: "The Men’s Health Association, working on HIV and AIDS-related projects surveyed and interviewed approximately 800 men who provide sexual services for money un a three year period between 1998 and 2000... Both service providers and clients, in around 70 per cent of the cases, engage in heterosexual behaviour in their everyday live (Dr. Arturs Vavere, Antons Mozalevskis, 2000)... Men who provide services to men. This is a much larger and more varied group of prostitutes... The lowest level is made up of minors at the age 13-16... Young men for whom prostitution is work – these are men who are usually between 17 and 24 years old... “Sunday prostitutes” are young men aged 16-22...  Those who are looking for sponsors [19-22 years old] – young men who are trying to improve their living conditions by finding and making use of permanent clients... The highest level of prostitution – elite prostitutes... “Little tricksters” makeup specific category – these are young men ages 14-17 who seek out wealthy and more or less well-known men. They purposefully seek to engage the men in sexual activities, then blackmailing them..."

Estonia: - Male Prostitution (Must Scroll).

Republic of Georgia: - Secrecy and risk among MSM in Tbilisi, Georgia (2009): Many participants reported engaging in some form of sex trading. Sex trading among MSM was reported to be common, particularly among economically disadvantaged men, many of whom come to Tbilisi in search of work:..

Russia: - HIV risk behavior and risk-related characteristics of young Russian men who exchange sex for money or valuables from other men. Kelly JA, Amirkhanian YA, McAuliffe TL, Dyatlov RV, Granskaya J, Borodkina OI, Kukharsky AA, Kozlov AP. Aid Education and Prevention, 13(2):175-88 (Abstract by PubMed) - Predictors of HIV risk behavior among Russian men who have sex with men: an emerging epidemic. - Russia military to investigate alleged male prostitution of conscript soldiers. - Russian soldiers 'used for sex'. - Sex Slavery And Male Prostitution Plaguing Russian Army.

Maksimov AM, Holmogorova AB (2011). Social and Psychological Aspects of the Phenomenon of Male Prostitution in the Modern Culture. Cultural-Historical Psychology, 1: 80-89. Abstract: The article presents results of the psychological study of men who have commercial sex with men (MSM CSW). This paper investigates traumatic experiences, personality pathology, life histories and parental images of MSM CSW. The sample consisted of 36 MSM CSW from Russia and developed Western countries. Age of participants ranged from 14 to 20 years. Objectives of the study: general review of the study group based on the examples of Russian and Western respondents, composition of the phenomenological and clinical portraits of the typical representative of this group. Methods used in the study: qualitative semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire on dysfunctional beliefs in the borderline personality disorder. Results: about 65 % of respondents suffer from the borderline personality disorder and all of the respondents have severe traumatic histories; 80 % of the participants report facts of physical or sexual violence in childhood or adolescence. The specifics of parental images of MSM's were shown in the study.

Turkey: - Pushed to the edge: Trannies in Turkey: Gays, transsexuals are on the fringe of the Muslim nation, working only as prostitutes N/A: "About 3,000 transvestites and transsexuals are thought to live in Istanbul. Most are prostitutes who ply their trade on the back streets of Beyoglu, the city's honky-tonk nightclub district, or along one of the major highways leading out of the city... Homosexuality, deeply problematic in most Islamic cultures, also has enjoyed a special niche in Turkey.Cwltikci, or "pretty young boys," were prized in the harems of the Ottoman sultans... For most of Turkey's transvestites and transsexuals, the only way to earn a living is through prostitution. Their clients are generally closet gays who find that the most convenient way to have a sexual encounter with another man is to pick up a transvestite. "If they are caught, they can say, 'I made a mistake, bye-bye.' Or, 'I was drunk, I didn't know, bye-bye,'" Kilic said."

Greece: "Male Prostitution Trial Begins in Athens." - Male Prostitution by ENMP.

Marocco / Maroc:  Prévention de proximité auprès des hommes impliqués dans des rapports de prostitution au Maroc: "La sexualité entre hommes se place plus dans une problématique de «genre» plutôt que dans une problématique «d’identité sexuelle» telle qu’elle est conçue en occident. Une personne ayant des relations sexuelles avec des personnes du même sexe ne se définira pas pour autant comme homosexuelle; elle est «active» ou «passive», et c’est cela qui définit son identité. Ceci dit, il n’existe, du moins à notre connaissance, aucun concept qui désigne l’hétérosexualité ou la bisexualité dans l’arabe marocain." - Le SIDA et les homosexuels au Maroc: "En l’absence de visibilité d’un milieu "gay" à l’image occidentale, disposant de ses propres lieux de rencontre, l’ALCS a décidé d’approcher le milieu de la prostitution masculine qui constitue la face la plus visible du vécu de l’homosexualité au Maroc. Les premiers contacts dans ce milieu, ont révélé que bien que clandestin, le phénomène de la prostitution masculine semble assez répandu."

Israel: Young Male Street Workers: Life Histories and Current Experiences (2005) .

Sex Worker Outreach Project: "SWOP focuses on safety, dignity, diversity and the changing needs of sex industry workers, to foster an environment which enables and affirms individual choices and occupational rights." 

"Sex Work' section in Gay and homosexually active Aboriginal men in Sydney: Sex Practices.- Newsletter of the AIDS Council of South Australia Inc: Report on the Male Sex Worker Focus Group N/A.(Section on Sex Workers) - South Australian Sex Industry Network (SIN). - A profile of the clients of male sex workers in three Australian cities. - Out of a group of 13 gay street kids who, by an early age, were being passed around by abusive men, only 3 survived to the age of about 30 - most by violent suicides, OD's, and AIDS. - Exploring the Interpersonal Relationships in Street-Based Male Sex Work: Results from an Australian Qualitative Study (2007).

Marsden: passing parade of names N/A: "Those sitting in the public gallery over the 136 days this matter has been running have heard a passing parade of names in connection with under-age sexual activities revolving around  Costello's, a nightclub open in the '70s and early '80s where men went to pick up young boys for sex... Others named have included Mr Tony Shenkwin, Mr Joe (Josie) Westwood, solicitor Mr Trevor Beasley and the late Mr Tony Bevan. Yesterday, former journalist Mr Simon Davies was said to have been involved in a shelter for homeless children which he would use to procure young boys. And also getting a mention yesterday was Karl Malden, the American actor famed for TV's Streets of San Francisco and his later ads for American Express  where he urges the viewer: "Don't leave home without it."

Many male prostitutes mature and educated, study shows: "The University of New England study was based on the sexual encounters of 192 male prostitutes with 1,700 clients in Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane." - Community Policing and On-Street Prostitution in the Kings Cross Police Patrol (PDF Download): The transsexuals prostituting themselves on-street in the Kings Cross Police Patrol area are usually aged around thirty¾considerably older than their female counterparts... The majority of adult male street prostitutes are younger than their female counterparts and their age range is between 18 and 26..." - Transsexual prostitution in New Zealand: Predominance of persons of Maori extraction.

Project supports male sex workers. "The goal of the new service is to provide male sex workers with the same resources currently available to female prostitutes working in the area. This means access to counselling and legal services and to health, safety, employment and educational advice."

Community Panel on Prostitution (PDF Download): Submission by the West Australian Branch of the Australian Association of Social Workers May 1990 - "Even though male prostitution may appear to be less frequent in this State, it may merely be 'invisible' because it has not been subject to nearly the same degree of control as applied to female prostitution in this State: Acott & Hewett (1987)."

Commercial Sex Between Men: A Prospective Diary-Based Study (Full Text) - by Victor Minichiello (Journal of Sex Research, May 2000): "The data reported in this study were collected using a diary which male sex workers (MSWs) completed after each commercial sexual encounter with a male client over a 2-week period... The instrument was developed after consultations with three sex workers' organisations: the Sex Workers Outreach Project (SWOP) in Sydney... The total number of sex workers who completed the diary over the 2-week period was 186.."

Beyer, a transsexual and male prostitute who shucked off her past to become Mayor of Carterton is now aspiring to become Wairarapa’s MP. - Men sex workers and other men who have sex with men: how do their HIV risks compare in New Zealand? "We do find the sex workers to be different, however, in their being less likely to engage in safe sex practices. We provide an explanation for why this has not lead to their having a higher rate of seropositivity." - The Sex Industry in New Zealand: A Literature Review. - New Zealand’s National Plan Of Action Against The Commercial Sexual Exploitation Of Children.  (PDF Download).  NZ: Child Prostitution in New Zealand (PDF Download): "Of the 194 child prostitutes in the ECPAT NZ survey, 10% were 12 years old or under, 15% were 13 years old, 20% were 14 years old and 30% were 15 years old (Saphira, 2001). It was not known at what age they had started sex work. At least 21% were recorded as male but it is unclear whether some were transgender." 

Young people more vulnerable to problems (Feb. 25, 2001): "In Fiji the number of young gay male prostitutes has also increased in recent years. Peter Sipeli, an activist with the Sexual Minorities Group in Suva, says that many boys who are rejected by their families turn to prostitution to survive.  "Many young boys face total rejection from their families because of their sexuality. Their young age and their lack of life skills pushes them into prostitution," he said."

ASIA:

China: - Sexual Work and Its Public Policies in China. - Hustling in China as reported in the 1983/89 book, Crystal Boys, which also supplies information about the world-wide phenomenon of boy-loving "sugar daddies". (Some Related Information) - Process and Development of Becoming Male Sex Workers in Chiang Mai Province: "The sample group, 10 male sex workers working in gay bars in Chiang Mai Province, was purposively selected. The data were collected by participant observations, informal interviews and group discussions... the starting point of entering the sex worker profession was the youngsters' acceptance of the violation of social rules about sex... Since their sexual behaviors violated the social rules about sex of the main society, the youngsters had to learn to adapt to their new way of living. They learned to follow the rules and adapt to the culture of their "new" social group although their rules and culture were different from those of the main society. The youngsters learned to adapt themselves to the "new" culture through interactions with those with similar careers." - Hazards of male prostitution. - Bar owner jailed 8 years for gay prostitution. - Comparative study of behavioral features of men sex workers with homosexual and bisexual orientations (2010).

Not a Juicy Story: Identity Management of Chinese Male Sex Workers (Travis Shiu Ki Kong, Hong Kong Polytechnic University) (Abstract, Must Scroll: PDF Download. Full text): "This article contributes to both men's studies and the sociology of work by examining how male identity is reconciled in the context of commercial sex work, based on ethnographic research on Chinese male sex workers. Inspired by a post-structuralist turn in theories on gender and sexuality (i.e., queer theory), I argue that male sex work can be seen as a platform for male sex workers to experience polymorphous sexual desires and permit them to destabilize relatively fixed and mutually exclusive identities (e.g., men/women or heterosexual/homosexual) that are constantly held in check. A male sex worker fashions a work persona that navigates between the living embodiment of the client's fantasies, governed by a temporary contract set in monetary terms, and his own gender and sexual identities, confined under the constructs of (hegemonic) masculinity and (compulsory) heterosexuality, and resolves any conflicts that might arise from it. Male sex work should be seen as a contested and negotiated arena of power, and the male sex worker as a strategic identity that is subject to the interplay among personal biographies, culture and power." - Meng X, Anderson AF, Wang L, Li Z, Guo W, Lee Z, Jin H, Cai Y (2010). An exploratory survey of money boys and HIV transmission risk in Jilin Province, PR China. AIDS Research and Therapy, 7: 17. PDF Download. PDF Download. PubMed Abstract.

Ecumenical Pre-Conference: Faith in Action – Keeping the Promise - Plenary - Marginalized Groups and the Response to HIV (Word Download): "The prevention work has also been extended to male sex workers – in China they are named as “Money Boys”. We pick up some relationship with brothel owners so that we gain entry into the establishment to run the prevention programme. Our peer educators are mobilised to distribute materials, condoms and lubricants to the male sex workers. As I said before, our effort has also been extended to female sex workers. Similar to our work among MSM and also male sex workers we solicited support from brothel owners and we trained up some peer educators to help deliver the preventive education as well as the materials including condoms. With all these years of continued effort among these two socially marginalised communities, the CDC has successfully established a very good and trustful relationship with them. Doctors of the CDC are taken as friends – they have been invited to join the ping pong or the basketball competition of the MSM groups. Our trained female sex workers will initiate conversation with male sex workers and refer them to the CDC for professional assistance."

Book casts light on hidden world of male sex workers. - The Other Side of the Coin: Male Prostitution in Chiang Mai.

Hong Kong: - More Than a Sex Machine: Accomplishing Masculinity Among Chinese Male Sex Workers in the Hong Kong Sex Industry. - Gay life of a male prostitute (2010).

Korea: Gov't Poised to Crack Down on Rising Male Prostitution.

Japan: -  Growing male prostitution in Japan gets serious analysis on this documentary. - Gay sex worker traffickers arrested: Police yesterday arrested a group of traffickers who allegedly recruited Korean men and transgenders and illegally transported them to Japan to work in the sex industry there...

Bangladesh: - Underage Prostitution - Many of Bangladesh's street children engage in prostitution and one-third of the prostitutes are boys... - Bangladesh: Revealing an Underworld Network: Male prostitution in Ramna. - Perverted Sexuality, Physicians Panicky - Male Sex Workers and HIV Prevention (Dilruba Karim) N/A: "A good number from among these sex workers came to us for medical advice. On interrogation they informed that they were involved in regular practice of prostitution in various apartments and hotels. Most of these male sex workers are adolescents and youths... We have noticed many rootless children and teen aged boys in the city parks who are being used as sex workers... The newspaper report then continues with the case study of two male sex worker brothers who are deaf and dumb and are in their mid twenties." -

Bangladesh's gay prostitutes take a step out of the closet: "But male sex workers are worried less about court action than about physical attacks. Many of the prostitutes are quickly singled out for being effeminate. Milan, 20, said he left home when his family learned of his orientation. After renting his first house on his own he was forced to move out when the owners also discovered his lifestyle. "My family did not accept my way of life as they noticed I was feminine and so I started prostitution to feed myself. What else could I do?" he asked. Milan said he has been beaten publicly -- and that the assailants would secretly come to him later for sex..."

Dhaka forced to face sex taboos (Bangladesh, Arshad Mahmud). Sept. 21, 1999 South China Morning Post: SOUTH ASIA TODAY: "It is not difficult to find male "sex workers" in the city. Each evening they can be seen loitering at busy intersections and parks that are well-known pick-up points... Incidence began its work three years ago after conducting a study that revealed young boys, mostly poor and homeless, were being increasingly used as sex workers." - The Shadow Citizens: "In the Dhaka University dorms, cases of young boys being kept as "regulars" are well known. Male prostitutes are available in most towns. And in rural areas, homosexuality is generally considered something that young people do for fun and some elders may do in secret." -

Behavioral Surveillance Surveys (BSS) Bangladesh 1998 and 2000: "...60 percent of hijra sex workers and 16 percent of male sex workers had been forced into sex by police or street thugs the previous year... Among the 21 percent of rickshaw pullers reporting anal intercourse in the past week, only 17 percent used condoms. A high proportion of the bisexual activity among truckers took place with hijras who themselves report extremely low condom use. Anal intercourse as a risk factor is not confined to male-to-male sex; 46 percent of Dhala’s female street sex workers and 39 percent of the brothel sex workers also report anal intercourse the previous week... Male sex workers appear to be improving their levels of safer sex in response to prevention programs." - Male sex workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: Risk reduction through effective intervention (PDF Download): In the first qualitative study, 316 MSM were recruited through personal networks of 6 trained interviewers associated with a community-based organization in Dhaka (the Bandhu Social Welfare Society, hereafter called Bandhu). Of these, 47%, or 147 were MSWs, defined as currently selling sex for cash. Gift exchanges were not considered commercial unless cash was also involved as a mode of making a living... The second study, which was the first wave of BSS, consisted of a convenience sample of 407 MSM in Dhaka, of whom 207 were current MSWs (defined as selling sex for cash within the past week). This was obtained at 43 locations around the city during May, 1998. Most men were interviewed at or near cruising sites (public locations at which men can find potential sexual partners), such as parks and shrines..."

India: India (Self-) Imposed Marginalities: Geographies of  Commercially and Sexually Exploited Male Children in Bangalore, India N/A (Word 97 Download, or access for download at Index Page N/A) - by CHANDRAN Vinay and BALACHANDRA Chandra Shekhar, The Indian Institute of Geographical Studies). - Gays, male prostitutes under police scanner. - KABP study of male sex workers and masseurs in Mumbai Metro-India (XIV International AIDS Conference, 2002): "A total of 120 MSW`s were interviewed... Ever been forced to have sex with a man: 87% frequently forced. Conclusions: need to adopt safe sex practices, trained in condom negotiations skills. To develop a model for continuum of care for MSW and malishwalas who are HIV positive." - Reducing risk of STI/HIV among Male Sex Workers (MSW) and their clients and high risk males on and around truckstops in Mumbai. - Male sex workers in Mumbai-Epidemiological and clinical study (PPT Download). - Male sex workers in India (Video).  - Understanding Male Sex Workers & Men That Have Sex With Men In India (Video). - On Becoming a Male Sex Worker in Mysore: Sexual Subjectivity, “Empowerment,” and Community-Based HIV Prevention Research (2009).

Experiences of sexual coercion among street boys in Bangalore, India (PDF Download): "Older boys, 15 years and above, often force or entice younger boys, some as young as 6 years old, to have anal sex. Younger boys are afraid and upset when they are “forced”, but do not see how they can avoid the older boys. The older boys threaten to beat them or ostracize them. In many cases the younger boys are dependent on the older boys for protection. Older boys also entice younger boys with money, food or empty bottles that can be sold. They may also take them to a movie or give them “solution”. Street boys hesitated to express fear, and some said that over time they had become used to the idea of being forced. In one narrative, a 12 year-old boy described how he is no longer afraid when boys “force” him. In his own words:..." - Research by Samabhavana Society: K.A.B.P. 2001 - Study on male sex workers and massuers in Mumbai Metro (PDF Download). - 2003 - Sexual behavior of male sex workers & Masseurs with their male/female clients/partners in Mumbai, Maharashtra (PDF Download).. - 2005 - General survey of literature on the media construction of male sex work & masseurs in India (PDF Download). - Male professionals double as sex workers for extra income. - Male sex workers in Mumbai to get training in vocational courses.

Male Sex Work in Chennai (2003: PPT Download): "Since the male sex workers of low socioeconomic status could be accessed more easily than those in middle and upper socioeconomic status, this presentation mainly depicts the male sex workers of lower socioeconomic status and especially those who identify as ‘Kothi’... Clients of male sex workers: Almost all the clients of MSW belonging to lower socioeconomic status are males. These male clients may be upper/middle class gay men or men who have sex with men (with out any identity). Rarely, MSW might be picked up by a couple (husband and wife) to have sex with both. The male clients of MSW come from different backgrounds – unskilled laborers, skilled (drivers, etc.), professionals (doctors, engineers, etc.), celebrities of film industry, etc... MSW usually says that they can able to separate ‘sex work’ from their private lives. However many do not deny that they do ‘enjoy’ having sex with their commercial male partners too. Some MSW have mentioned that if a client is good-looking and attractive, they might ‘charge’ lesser [lesser money] or even don’t ‘charge’ so that they don’t loose that ‘client’... Wives/female partners of MSW: Many MSW ultimately get married to a female and might continue with male sex work either part-time or full-time. Female partners of MSW often do not know that their husbands/lovers also have sex with males... All types of sexual practices are practiced by MSW. Common: Oral sex and masturbation. However, significant proportion also have anal sex (receptive /insertive)... " - Male sex workers: Are we ignoring a risk group in Mumbai, India?

Tim Mackay (2001). Sexual Health Of Males In South Asia Who Have Sex With Other Males: Results of  Situational Assessments in Four Cities in India and Bangladesh (Word 97 Download): "A large number of the khotis, on average 40% across the four cities, reported selling sex as a consequence of poverty. A smaller proportion described themselves as a “male sex worker”. Frequency of sexual transactions ranged from once per week to ten clients in one day. Khotis reported that receptive anal sex was the most common request, although they were occasionally asked to penetrate the client... Though not studied in the assessments there were anecdotal reports of middle class “gay” sex workers. They were described as seeking greater consumer purchasing power and retaining a masculine identity. Of the 200 respondents in each city 62 reported being paid for sex in Hyderabad, 60 in Bangalore, 72 in Pondicherry and 56 in Sylhet. The number of paid sex acts by all of these males in the previous month totalled 10,493. The average number of paid sex acts in the previous month per respondent who was paid for sex was approximately 40 in Hyderabad, 20 in Bangalore, 17 in Pondicherry and 106 in Sylhet. Around 52%-54% of these acts in each city involved receptive anal sex. Condom usage in the most recent 5 paid sex acts was reported as “never” by 40% in Hyderabad, 34% in Bangalore, 92% in Pondicherry and 52% in Sylhet.  It was reported as “all times” by 12% in Hyderabad, 27% in Bangalore, 1% in Pondicherry and 9% in Sylhet.

Sri Lanka: Boy sex horror: Boys trained for sex trade. (Alternate link: Boys trained for sex trade - Must scroll) "In a dimly lit room of a sleazy hotel in Hikkaduwa a group of boys, the eldest not more than 14, wait patiently for their names to be called. The children have come to the hotel mostly of their own accord... So, sex between male and male is no big deal for the local populace, and what's even more interesting is that it rakes in huge sums of money..." - Sun-Surf-Sex Tourism: "However, the most injurious among the ill-effects of tourism is the explosion of child prostitution. It is estimated there are over 5000 child prostitutes in Sri Lanka today, most of them boys in the 7 to 16 age group." - Sri Lanka fishermen hooked on prostitution, people smuggling (Must Scroll). - by Amal Jayasinghe, COLOMBO, June, 2001 (AFP) "I am of the view that boy prostitution is associated with the decline of the coastal fishing economy and the failure of the  local economy to offer alternative sources of cash income comparable to what was earned before. "Male prostitution is an activity that brings this kind of income," the minister said at a recent seminar here. - Male prostitution due to fall in fishing economy.

Sri Lanka's Beach Boys: Soft Targets for HIV: "Ask Priyanga, a boy from Balapitiya, a beach resort 90 km south of Colombo and one of Sri Lanka's tourist hot-spots. Since dropping out of school a year ago, he has been providing 'services' of sexual nature to older male tourists in the area to support his family... Children, young males providing commercial sexual services to local and foreign paedophiles have been considered one of Sri Lanka's major high risk groups. Despite the low prevalence of HIV in the island's population, NGOs warn that the country is sitting on a potential time bomb... But the same industry is often blamed for the prolific growth in boy sex workers on the beaches. Estimates of the numbers vary. The government's figure of 30,000 child prostitutes is disputed by many of the reputed NGOs working with the "beach boys," as they are popularly called. They charge that the numbers are exaggerated. "We believe that a more realistic figure would be less than 10,000... Some social workers are of the opinion that many of these children should not be treated as victims, since they go willingly and earn money from the encounters. A detailed research on health needs of sexually exploited children in Sri Lanka by PEACE and SIDA (Swedish International Development Agency) states: "The twenty children (interviewed) did not show signs of anger and hostility…..the researches felt that they were seasoned, thick-skinned with greed for monetary gains.. Contracting STD or AIDS did not bother them nor was it a matter to be given serious thought."

No stray dogs - An empowerment programme in Sri Lanka: "The sex workers are very much concerned with their personal empowerment. I was informed by the male sex workers who attended a workshop organised by Companions on a Journey (a project aimed at gays in Sri Lanka) of their concern of their own future. They raised the issue of being rejected by their clients for a younger sex worker or for one with ‘a better personality’. They insist on alternative skills development training to achieve personal empowerment. I hope and believe that this strategy will be addressed in all projects targeting sex workers. As a lot of economically underprivileged members of the gay community in Sri Lanka earn their living as male sex workers, we must pay attention to their needs whilst designing programmes and include them in programme designing as well as programme implementation processes."

Pakistan: - (Research Report No 11: Adolescents and Reproductive Health - A Literature Review is available as PDF File Download from www.popcouncil.org/): "Male Child Prostitution In Pakistan male prostitutes are believed to be cheaper for clients than female prostitutes. The prime age for male prostitutes is 15-25. (Fayyazuddin et al. 1998) It is likely that even less is known about their working environment and specific problems because the social taboos for boys admitting to sex with male clients are even greater than for girls. Preliminary findings of Sahil’s (1998) own research into male child prostitution in northern Punjab show that the children are usually runaways who are coerced by local hotel owners in urban centers to exchange their bodies in return for board and lodging. This points to the reality that children and adolescents have limited skills to rely on to support themselves, if they need to do so, and that prostitution is often the most practical and lucrative means of providing for themselves. The children surveyed by Sahil allege that police and army soldiers are a significant portion of their clientele. Children as young as age eight were found working as male prostitutes. Although many of these young boys state that they are free to leave whenever they wish, the combination of financial compensation (a child prostitute can bring in up to Rs. 12,000/month) and lack of alternatives usually cause them to stay and eventually grow up into pimps themselves. Another practice, common in the North West Frontier Province but not yet the subject of much formal research, is bachabazi, or older men keeping boys as their sexual partners. A man who wishes such a partner will select a boy, usually fair of skin and in his early teens. He will slaughter a goat in front of the boy’s house to publicly demonstrate his choice. From that point on, the man will be responsible for the education, clothing, and general care of the boy in return for sexual favors. Needless to say the boy himself lacks decisionmaking power in this institutionalized and socially accepted form of sexual abuse. A survey in NWFP found that out of 1,710 adult male respondents in communities throughout the province, about 83 percent said they knew about the practice of bachabazi. Almost half of those who knew about it thought the practice was either common or very common. Similarly, almost 81 percent of the respondents said they knew that some boys in their own communities sell sex for money. The places from which boys could be procured for sexual services included hotels, schools, workplaces, markets, bus stations, and video shops. The study concluded that there was a high prevalence of male sexual abuse and commercial sexual exploitation of children in NWFP and that social norms such as bachabazi helped to perpetuate the widely tolerated practice of adults keeping young boys for sexual services. (NGO Coalition on Child Rights 1998)" - Marginalised male sex workers vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.

Health-Pakistan: Taboos Still Hamper AIDS Programme: Some 93 percent of those quizzed for the survey knew that unprotected sex was the reason for HIV transmission, but believed that it was the sex workers and not themselves, who were at risk. However, many truck drivers are known to engage in homosexual activity with young boys who travel with them as helpers, say health activists. Despite official denials, newspapers often report that male inmates of prisons too engage in such behaviour. According to independent surveys, 85 percent of sexually active prisoners reported not using condoms. Many of these prisoners are also addicted to injectable drugs, sharing syringes and needles. Male homosexuality in Pakistan is mainly associated with the Islamic nation's most conservative region - the North West Frontier Province (NWFP) bordering Afghanistan, where rich, elderly men are known to keep young boys for sexual pleasure." - Male sex workers play Russian roulette with HIV. - Male sex worker in Pakistan (Video). - Unmet needs: Sex workers in Pakistan have limited access to TB-HIV Treatment (2010): But NGO statistics reveal that over 14,000 male sex workers live in Karachi alone. Most of them belong to the Pukhtoon community...

Pakistan Enhanced HIV/AIDS Program: Social Assessment and Mapping of Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in Lahore, Pakistan. By Shivananda Khan and Tahir Khilji (Naz Foundation International, 2002) (Full Report for The World Bank, Pakistan, Word 97 Download N/A- Short Report for The World Bank, Pakistan, Word 97 Download N/A)  (PDF Download) (Related: PDF Download): "These networks of differing MSM contexts may at times inter-penetrate, where individuals may shift along differing networks, but usually they are mutually exclusive. In other words there are complex dynamics and diffusion in relation to male to male sex in Lahore. The most visible of these networks are those involving zenanas and hijras because of their public performative role which is a part of their self-identification, and those of malishias as male sex workers alongside their massage trade because of their occupational visibility. It was this visibility and ready accessibility that contoured the Social Assessment Study in Lahore in terms of which dynamic of MSM were interviewed. It should therefore be clearly recognised that this Assessment does not tell the whole story of male to male sex in Lahore. Male to male sex work is a significant factor in Lahore. A broad range of frameworks exist here. Hijras, zenanas, malishias, and other males, will sell sex because of poverty and unemployment. Without a welfare system, and with significant levels of unemployment or low level incomes, male sex work can be a way out in terms of supporting the self and family. This is not to imply that males involved in sex work do not enjoy the sex with other males. Often they will also have a regular partner - a pukka dost."

Situational analysis report on prostitution of boys in Pakistan (Lahore & Peshawar) (PDF Download): "The practice of keeping boys for sexual gratification by rich and influential men, known as "bachabazi," is common although it raises difficult questions within communities that consider homosexuality a sexual preference outside social norms... Even though there is widespread awareness of child sexual exploitation by tourists in many areas of South Asia, such as the beach town of Goa in India and Negombo in Sri Lanka, little has been done to study the use of boys for prostitution amongst local perpetrators in the region... The practice of hiring prostituted boys thrives in streets, markets, bus terminals, hotels, restaurants and a variety of other establishments in many provinces of Pakistan. Research conducted in Dhaka, Bangladesh, Bangalore, India, and northern Punjab in Pakistan has shown that a large number of prostituted boys in these countries are living on the street and that most are also engaged in activities such as garbage scavenging and pick-pocketing. Older men also keep boys for sexual services in a practice called "bachabazi" that is common to the North West Frontier Province of Pakistan... On average, 8-15 persons were invited to all focus group discussions... The ages of child respondents ranged from 10 years to 17 years... While the sex exploiters of boys come from all ethnic groups and social classes, most prostituted boys themselves hail from poor and lower-middle class families... During focus group discussions, community leaders admitted they were aware that some men have ‘friendships’ with young boys (bachabazi) and that it is commonly understood that they have sex. In return, the boys may be paid money or compensated in kind. The community leaders opined that it is a wrong and sinful practice but admitted that it is tolerated – a double standard that they lamented. But the implication seems to be that while it is disgraceful to be a passive agent (receptive partner) in a homosexual relationship, it is a matter of male pride and power to be an active agent (insertive partner). Bachbabazi relationships are not prostitution by society at large because the boy offers sexual services to only one man as opposed to any man prepared to pay for the service perceived as prostitution by society at large because the boy offers sexual services to only one man as opposed to any man prepared to pay for the service... " - Lahore: Marginalised male sex workers vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.

Save The Children Sweden (2005). Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: A situational analysis of Pakistan (PDF Download): "Child sexual exploitation at shrines - Massage boys - Boys with alternate sexual identities - Nomad children - Children in the transport industry - Bachabazi - Children trafficked for camel jockeying - Children in deep-sea fishing..."

Nepal: - Children and Women of Nepal: A Situation Analysis 1996: "In Nepal, prostitution is a domestic- business, and tourist-related prostitution is of minimal significance at this time. Male prostitution exists in Nepal, but is also of minimal significance at this time." - Male sex workers and poverty: "A study was conducted in five random semi-urban sites in Nepal where BDS has held HIV/STIS intervention 408 msw aged 15-48 years working in disco/brothels/street were targeted... Average age was 23 years... In most cases, it is at the insistence of the client that unprocted sex takes place... Absolute dependence of sex workers on the income derived from the clients increased their risk of getting infected with HIV therefore BDS developed economic development programs for msws where they were trained on various income generating skills and a few of them were assisted. - Condom Use among Commercial Male Sex Workers in Kathmandu, Nepal (2010).

Thailand: - Boy Prostitution: A Study of Runaway Boys in Sex Service: "The thesis of "Boy Prostitution: a study of runaway boys in sex service", purposes to study causes and factors that make runaway boys get involved in sex services, to earn about their ways of life in order to make clear what really happens to them and the physical, mental and behavioral effects are then analized, aiming to find out the proper solutions. The study particularly focuses on boy prostitutes by selecting 10 under 18 year-old boys who have been in sex service at least for six months and have not been engaged by homosexual clubs. The researcher collected the information by spending most of the time both days and nights for 12 months in close contact. The outcome of the study covering Silom Road and Lumpini Park indicated that becoming boy prostitutes resulted from their own as they have to struggle for the survival in the outside world where money is the most important factor when facing money shortage problem, earning money by having sex with anyone who will pay for it is the solution. Additionally, sex service is a way to fulfill their natural sexual desire. The further reasons are the homosexual customers' demand, social background and up bringing. Boy prostitutes cannot be clearly identified by their physical appearance, but can be found in the assumed sex service areas. Most 12-18 year-old boy prostitutes are good looking usually wearing in dark apparels..." - A Boy’s Journey to Sex Work. - Male Sex Workers Need Support Too.

Comments on male sex workers. "On the other hand, the commercial sex scene in Thailand, both straight and gay, is very visible in some areas, particularly around the famous (infamous?) Patpong area... Many workers in commercial venues are not gay, but this should not be a complete surprise. The level of service varies considerably from person to person and venue to venue. If you have any specific preferences, these should be discussed before agreeing to take a person off from a venue to ensure satisfaction. I personally do not think it is reasonable to force a worker to do anything he does not want to do, even if you are a paying customer." - (Related Information from a study is available as PDF Download (Alternate Link) of "AIDS knowledge, condom beliefs and sexual behaviour among male sex workers and male tourist clients in Bali, Indonesia": "The remaining studies most relevant to Indonesia come from Thailand.  A study was conducted in 1988 of male sex workers in three areas of Thailand: Bangkok, Hat Yai, and Chiang Mai (Muangman et al. 1988). "In these areas, workers meet clients through gay bars, bath houses, and public locations. Most workers were in their twenties and the mean incomes were low for the urban areas.  Most workers had some formal schooling with the lowest levels in Hat Yai..." - The Influence Of Thai Buddhism on Prostitution. - Male Sex Workers Face HIV Risks, but Get Less Attention. - Mplus, a Community for Gay, Transgender, and Male Sex Workers in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Suwatcharapinun, Sant  (2005). Spaces of Male Prostitution: Tactics, Performativity and Gay Identities in Streets, Go-Go Bars and Magazines in Contemporary Bangkok, Thailand. PhD. Dissertation, University of London. PDF Download. Download Page. This research explores the spatial practices of male prostitutes meeting gay male clients in various urban environments in Bangkok, Thailand. The research focuses on the male prostitutes’ spatial practices in three meeting places: the streets around Saranrom park, the gay go-go bars in Surawong’s Boys’ Town, and the representations of space in local gay newsletters. Examining the male prostitutes’ spatial practices through ‘tactics’, this research suggests that male prostitutes use the meeting places differently as ways of responding to the ‘strategies’ of gay male clients. This research also suggests that the tactics of male prostitutes can be examined by exploring the relationship between spatial practices and subjectivities. By exploring how specific performative acts constitute male prostitutes’ subjectivities, this research suggests that male prostitutes ‘perform’ homosexuality.

Bar Work in a Foreign Tongue: Just how do local sex workers communicate with foreign customers across a language barrier? - The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 among male sex workers in northern Thailand. - Research in Progress:  A Night Out with the Boys: The discursive and sexual practices surrounding bar-based male sex work in Bangkok, Thailand. Dissertation completed in 2000. A related paper by the author, Graeme Storer: Performing Sexual Identity: Naming and Resisting 'Gayness' in Modern Thailand. - Ignorance is not bliss in Pattaya: A look at prostitution off the South Pattaya pier: "Male prostitution is very common in Pattaya. This is engaged in by drug addicts, some sociopath types who will do anything for money and young men who are ‘professional’ prostitutes. Male prostitutes tend to have ‘regular’ clients and the number of young men selling their bodies for money is as numerous at the pier as young women. An interesting phenomenon is that male prostitutes are ‘adopted’ and  taken overseas by clients more often than their female counterparts." - Burmese male sex workers in Thailand face stigma and AIDS risks. - An overseas example of "lighter is better": the implications of colorism among male sex workers in Thailand (2007).

Out of the frying pan into the sleaze: Migrant Male Sex Workers: Hundreds, possibly thousands of young Burmese men are finding they've got nowhere else to go but Thailand's tough and sordid sex trade (Bangkok Post, Dec. 16, 2001 N/A: (Alternate Link) "Seven years later, at the age of 23, Myint Tha's innocence has long since fled. He now spends most nights at a gay bar in the tourist destination of Chiang Mai - 300 kilometers from Thakhilek. He survives from week to week by having sex with older men... She adds that many Burmese boys go into prostitution... The initial introduction into the world of sex for hire for many male prostitutes is from their friends. They hear that they can earn extra money if they go to bed with gay people - Thais or foreigners... One boy said that his clients are mostly foreigners - from Japan, Hong Kong, China or the West. ``I try to save and send money home to my family They think I work in a factory... Many of the Burmese sex workers are as young as 13 or 14, well below the legal age for working in a place of entertainment in Thailand. They routinely tell customers they are over 18. "The bar owners tell us to say so. We don't have any ID cards like Thai people - so how can they (police or customers) know our real age?" said one. Most of the youths aren't even aware of the laws against paedophilia... Amidst the blasting heavy metal music and the changing colour of the smoke in the flashing lights, a boy sips his drink and tells the reporter in a loud and bright voice his hopes for the future: "Even though I have gone to bed with so many men......I still want to have a girlfriend. I want to marry ..... to have my own family - a wife and children.""

Going gay after classes - Necessity forcing male students to sell bodies (Bangkok): "I know many university colleagues who are from poor families and from the country who are working in this field. I think everyone is satisfied with the easy money," Phakphum said confidently. He said many male university students were turning to prostitution, most of them working in gay bars on Silom, Suriwong, Pradiphat and Sukhumvit roads. Others worked as "street boys" at Saranrom park, Sanam Luang and Lumpini park. - The gay scene: Thai boys. - Police disrupt gay orgy in sauna, two held: Hundred foreigners necking with boys.

Boys Will Be Toys: "Inside a gay bar on Suriwong Road, young men walk the floor, their erect penises illuminated by torches for all to see. For an extra Bt100, customers are permitted to touch... This journey into the seedier side of our society was part of a research project entitled: "Male Prostitution' in which Nalinee spent three months, often disguised as a Philippine tourist, collecting  information and gaining first hand experience of the conditions in this 'profession'. Her findings turned out to be a lot different from what she expected." - Male prostitution booms in Thailand. - Thai Male Sex Worker Study - An Analysis.

From the special - 1999 Issue of The Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services - on Thailand: - Rehearsing gender and Sexuality in Modern Thailand: Masculinity and Male-Male Sex Behaviours. - The Friends Thou Hast: Support Systems for Male Commercial Sex Workers in Pattaya, Thailand. - Between Money, Morality and Masculinity: Bar-Based Male Sex Work in Chiang Mai.

Philippines - Struggling With Contradictions: "His regular source of income comes from stagings of toro, the local lingo for anal or vaginal sexual intercourse performed in public... Elmer, who takes the receptor role, is one of the district's best-known performers... One prominent homosexual man has even suggested that "low-class gays should be rounded up for testing since they're the only ones who sleep with foreigners." The owner of a male brothel accepts only long-term expatriates as clients on the assumption that they are "clean." Even many call boys have begun to shun foreigners who used to be their favoured clients... Many young people, especially boys from middle-class families, resort to occasional sex work when pressured by their peers to prove, ironically enough, their manhood, or to provide money for the group. - In the Shadows: Men who have sex with men (Word rtf Download). - When sex work isn't `work': Hospitality, gay life, and the production of desiring labor (Manila).

When first-world man met third-world boy (by Jeremy Seabrook, The New Statesman, January 29, 1999): "I made it clear I wasn't thinking of engaging his services. His evident disappointment was purely professional. We talked for half an hour. I gave him 200 pesos. Impulsively, I asked if he would like to meet outside. He said: "The owner will not allow it." A punter had to pay the bar if he wanted to take a boy off. I said: "It's an arrangement between us. It isn't business." Hesitantly, he agreed. - `Easy Money in Male Prostitution’: an imperialist Apocalypse Now in the Philippines (PDF Download). - Male prostitution for reel (Manila): "FOR some reasons, Pinoy filmmakers have stopped doing movies about bar girls and female prostitution. Not that there are no more girlie bars and prostitution dens in the Philippine archipelago. It’s just that our filmmakers seem bent on making us pay attention on male prostitution instead..."

Indonesia: - Ford K, Wirawan DN, Fajans P (1993). AIDS knowledge, condom beliefs and sexual behaviour among male sex workers and male tourist clients in Bali, Indonesia (PDF Download - PDF Download): " Most of the workers first had sex with a man when they were in their teens: 35 per cent at age 14 or less, 40 per cent at age 15-16, and 25 per cent at 16 or more. Forty-five per cent of the workers were paid for their first sex with a man. Fifty-nine per cent have had sex with a woman. Respondents had worked for an average of 3.1 years with a range of two months to nine years. Thirty per cent of respondents had worked as CSWs only in Bali, 60 per cent had worked in Jakarta or Surabaya and ten per cent had worked in Batam or Malaysia. The workers generally return to their home village for holidays (85%), and some (35%) are usually sexually active on these visits. Many of those men interviewed identify themselves as gay, although some are primarily heterosexual in orientation..." - HIV, syphilis infection, and sexual practices among transgenders, male sex workers, and other men who have sex with men in Jakarta, Indonesia. - Bali Foundation Calls For Increased Testing To Curb HIV Among Male Sex Workers.

Malaysia: - Building A Community Developing Effective HIV/AIDS Programmes for Transsexuals Working as Sex Workers: The Malaysian Example. - Rivalry among transvestites triggers arrests: "Six foreign transvestite prostitutes plying their trade in the northern state of Penang have been detained Thursday by authorities for working illegally in Malaysia..." - Women in Mens' Bodies - Basic Rights! (Alternate Link) "A government-funded study in 1997 revealed that there were more than 20,000 transsexuals in the country and that more than 60 percent of them were involved in prostitution."

Singapore: From Prostitution and Morality: "There was, in late November 1997 a well-reported murder trial of a male prostitute, who was found guilty of killing his brothel-owner. Many gay Singaporeans would have been simultaneously titillated with the details, horrified by the exposure of this underside of gay life, and extremely uncomfortable about the public association of homosexuality with prostitution." - Male Prostitution in Singapore. - Some related legal absurdities..

Vietnam: - Men who have sex with men in Vietnam - Sexuality & Prostitution: "(Synopsis of Men engaged in having sex with men in Viet Nam - a Hanoi snapshot - by S. Doussantousse, Ngoc Anh (researchers) and L. Tooke, (specialist writer and editor) Hanoi, April 2002.): The authors of this paper have conducted fifteen unstructured interviews with individuals, including prostitutes, clients and intermediaries, in Hanoi during recent weeks. All respondents were invited to speak freely in confidence, and did so with minimal prompting... The men selling sex that we contacted in Hanoi were mainly between 18 and 23 years of age, although there was some indication that boys in their low teens could be 'made available' for clients, particularly older foreigners... For the purposes of this paper, we have assumed that the clients of male prostitutes in Hanoi are homosexuals or bisexuals. However, we recognise that in many countries, masculinity is confirmed by marriage and parenthood rather than explicitly heterosexual behaviour. Affection between men, physical contact and sharing beds are socially acceptable and create opportunities for sexual contact as a pleasurable activity rather than an expression of sexuality. It is, therefore possible that some clients pay for sex with men because it is 'safer' (i.e. less likely to attract police attention), less likely to lead to HIV infection or more convenient than using a female prostitute... Around half the sexual encounters appeared to be for masturbation and oral sex. However, penetrative anal sex was commonplace. Typically, the prostitutes we talked to were forthcoming about anal sex with clients, but often emphasised that it was active - they penetrated the client rather than the reverse. However, some of those who had not identified themselves as homo- or bisexual were guarded in their responses when questioned about their experience of being penetrated. Their responses indicated that that they were unwilling to talk about the matter, suggesting that cultural imperatives, perhaps relating to 'face', might be operating. Self-identified homosexual prostitutes, on the other hand, appeared to have no inhibitions when talking about being the passive partner..."

World Bank funded Project on Harm Reduction: Management Unit on HIV/AIDS Prevention Projects in Vietnam (Hai Phong Health Department: (PDF Download): Reaching out MSM at their communities... Number of site visits: 1889, Number of clients: 778...Tested 207 clients, 55 HIV+, 32 from male sex workers who were IDUs themself, 15 from male sex workers, from MSM.

 Men who have sex with men and HIV in Vietnam: a review: There are significant numbers of male sex workers in Vietnam and these men are also at high risk for HIV infection... More research is needed on current behavior and HIV prevalence among MSM and male sex workers in Vietnam. MSM in Vietnam's larger cities could easily be targeted for prevention using peer educators to decrease their risk for HIV infection. - Synopsis of ‘Men engaged in having sex with men in Viet Nam – a Hanoi snapshot’ (Word Download): "The paper explores the characteristics and behaviour of male prostitutes and the situation and circumstances of male homosexuals in Hanoi in relation to potentially risky sexual activities and exposure to STDs and HIV/AIDS. It focuses upon the effects of apparent official indifference towards male prostitution and what appears to be a general public attitude of detachment towards male homosexuality."

Cambodia: - Girault, Philippe et al (2000). Sexual behaviors, STIs and HIV Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Famil Hralth International. PDF Download. "Using a two-stage time-location cluster sampling technique, a probability sample of two hundred and six (206) MSM aged 18 years and older from 16 sites in Phnom Penh, were selected. Inclusion criteria for recruitment into the study included self-reported male-to-male sex behavior, inclusive of non-penetrative sex, during the previous 12 months and being age 18 years or older. Potential participants were approached at the sites by trained interviewers and then accompanied back to one of the two drop-in centers, which were established for the purpose of the study... The majority of MSM surveyed did not identify as gay men but reported homosexual and bisexual practices • Out of the total sample, 81% (167 men) reported anal sex with male partners in the 6
months prior to the interview and 61.2 % (125 men) reported having had vaginal sex with female partners.In the past 6 months 82.8% reported having male partners who paid them to have sex.;There was a reported high turnover of male partners (mean of 5.2 male partners in the past month)..." "Although it was not the intention of the sampling strategy, the majority of those included as respondents in this survey were male sex workers (82.8%), a group of men at very high risk for HIV and other STIs. The sites identified in the mapping exercise were locations where men go to meet other men, which may account for the disproportionate number of men selling sex. Due to legal and social reasons, MSM who reported being under age 18 were not recruited for the study. However, a considerable number were identified during the mapping. Some locations where MSM could be located were not accessible to the research team such as exclusive entertainment establishments or telephone networks for commercial sex. The refusal rate was 37%, and upon inquiry the study team found that a majority of those men who refused were the clients of male sex workers (MSW). Hence, the group described in this survey may represent the group of MSM in Phnom Penh with the highest risk behavior, and may not be representative of all MSM... " - CAMBODIA: Focus on MSM and the spread of HIV/AIDS. - Cambodia Must Focus On MSM Population To Combat Spread Of HIV, UNAIDS Official Says. - Men Who Have Sex with Men in Cambodia: HIV/AIDS Vulnerability, Stigma, and Discrimination (PDF Download).

AFRICA:

Sex Worker Education and Advocacy Taskforce (SWEAT: Cape Town, South Africa):. - Men who have sex with men in South Africa - breaking the silence: "This study will bring together research undertaken by Triangle project and other amongst clients of male sex workers, MSM in prisons and their behavior after incarceration, and sex mapping of male youth in a township around Capa Town. It shows the pervasiveness of sexual contacts between men with a wide range of sexual orientations, and informs efforts to lobby national strategy on prevention and targeted interventions in a community based model." - Rights Not Rescue: A Report on Female, Trans, and Male Sex Workers’ Human Rights in Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa.

A Life Story Told in Seven Dream Periods: "Paul A. Winter's new book [The Lingering Scent of a Candle Just Burnt: A Memoir Framed by Seven Dream Periods] details his own turbulent life through seven recurring dreams. His book describes his own erratic upbringing and brings forth the awareness of teen male prostitution in South Africa. - Population-based Estimates of MSM Male Sex Workers in South Africa (2010).

Boyce P. et al (2011). An Exploratory Study of the Social Contexts, Practices and Risks of Men Who Sell Sex in Southern and Eastern Africa. PDF Download. This report presents research conducted on behalf of Oxfam GB with funding from UNDP - an exploratory study of the social contexts, practices and risks of men who sell sex in Southern and Eastern Africa. The research was undertaken by the African Sex Worker Alliance in collaboration with Dr. Paul Boyce (UNDP) and Dr. Gordon Isaacs (SWEAT) as principle investigators... Conclusion: The data presented in this report combine to build-up a complex and nuanced account of the lives and life-worlds of male sex workers in the Southern and Eastern Africa region. A strength of the methodology adopted in the study (both in the formative workshop and in the follow-up activities) was a focus on sex workers' narratives amidst the creation of discursive spaces wherein intimate and personal views of male sex work could be shared. This added analytical depth to explorations of social vulnerability, sexual subjectivity, 'belonging', risk and so forth. The research consciously countered approaches to the study of sex work that focus on the classification of 'types' of sex worker or sex work, or which focus on the categorization and quantification of sexual risk practices. Whilst such research can certainly engender useful information, we were also concerned that in terms of analysis of sexualities and sex work as lived day-to-day practices such studies typically offer only a partial or limited perspective. In basing our research and analysis within first-order accounts of sex workers' lives we have sought to ground the research with a strong, experiential epistemology, which is also personally and emotionally sensitive. Personal developmental milestones [family background], language, vernacular, cultural and tribal affiliations, including inner city and peri-urban influences - and migrant sex work populations -have created mini-sub-cultures that often contain specific mores, codes of behaviour, class divisions and gender rivalry . This anthropological diversity must be addressed -sensitive to the needs, aspirations and participation of all concerned. This in turn can offer important insights into sex workers life experiences in a manner that can offer new and significant pathways for addressing social vulnerability, rights, risks, HIV prevention and health.

Hallett, Liam Wayne (2003). The experience of the male sex-worker : a phenomenological investigation. Master's Dissertaton, Department of Psychology, University of Zululand. Download Page. PDF Download. Abstract: This phenomenological study explores the experience of male sex-workers. The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge and understanding of this complex phenomenon and hopefully serve as a foundation for future research and counselling interventions in this field. A comprehensive literature review examining the individual and contextual issues rooted in the world of commercial sex between men is provided, and forms a firm foundation and backdrop for this study. The design of this study was qualitative and proceeded from a phenomenological stance. Data was collected through in-depth, unstructured interviews with four, white South African men who were currently working as male prostitutes. The interviews were recorded on audiotape and transcribed verbatim for each participant. The data was then categorized, coded and analyzed inter-individually in order to discover common and contrasting themes and patterns. These were tied together to form a hypothetical and general description of the experience of the male sex-worker.

Morocco: - Reaching Out: Male and Female Sex Workers - Durban, 10 July 2000: "In a study of 172 men interviewed in the parks, cafes and squares of Morocco, Boushaba found that male sex workers lacked knowledge about HIV and AIDS. As with the Russian Federation study, this sample indicated that they lived in an environment of economic instability. This was one of the reasons why they were unable to negotiate prevention methods. The Moroccan men in this sample were highly likely to have recently engaged in anal sex (97%), and were equally as likely to report knowledge of condoms. However, only 57% reported that they used condoms only occasionally or never at all." - Outreach-Based Prevention in Morocco Among Men Involved in Prostitution: "Prostitution is principally an urban phenomenon, more visible in the large cities frequented by tourists. However, it would be erroneous to view male prostitution as being solely associated with tourism. There is indeed a form of prostitution among Moroccans themselves which is also important, existing on the margin of that for tourists. This phenomenon is known to exist even in smaller cities, although to a lesser extent." - Prostitution masculine: Les travailleurs du sexe:  Phénomène urbain qui prend de plus en plus d’envergure, la prostitution au masculin se vit en toute liberté chaque jour à Casablanca et dans d’autres villes du Maroc, comme Marrakech, Tanger, Essaouira ou Agadir..."

Bousfiha S, Fdaïl M, Mekouar (2006). Male Prostitution in Morocco. PDF Download. The purpose of this project was to determine what Moroccan people think of male prostitution... Surveys were distributed randomly in order to collect people’s perceptions and opinions about the issue. The surveyed population was divided into two sub-samples, thirty AUI students and thirty outsiders. The difference between these two sub-samples helped the team to compare the perceptions of highly educated people with ones of ordinary Moroccans who are statistically less educated than AUI students. The interviews were conducted to provide the team with the physical and psychological and social effects of male prostitution on male sex workers. The results illustrate people’s perceptions and demonstrate that they are quite inaccurate. - The Perception of Male Prostitution in Morocco (PDF Download). - Prostitution masculine : Les travailleurs du sexe (2007, Translation):  Un reportage de "La Gazette du Maroc" au sujet de la prostitution masculine au Maroc.

Regards méditerannéens sur le SIDA (Université d'Eté Euroméditerranéenne des Homosexualités): "Le contexte aidant, il n'existe pas de communauté gay à l'occidentale, assumant sa différence, visible, organisée et disposant de ces propres lieux de rencontre. Face à cette situation, et après plusieurs mois de réflexion, l'association a décidé d'approcher le milieu des prostitués masculins qui semblent constituer la face la plus visible de l'homosexualité au Maroc... La prostitution masculine est une réalité principalement urbaine, surtout à Casablanca, Marrakech, Agadir et Tanger (les villes touristiques, connues pour cela au niveau local comme international). Dans ces 3 dernières villes, il existe un véritable tourisme sexuel. D'un point de vue légal, la prostitution masculine n'existe pas. C'est quelque chose de très tabou dans la société. Et à propos du sida, le premier cas connu fut identifié en 1998. Au 31 mars 1999, nous comptons 590 cas. La voie hétérosexuelle représente le mode de transmission le plus fréquent (63% des cas). Après vient la prostitution homosexuelle (20% des cas), les contaminations par intraveineuse suite à l'usage de drogue (8%)."

Tunesia: - Bezness: les conduites sexuelles et préventives parmi les travailleurs du sexe en Tunisie: "Dans de nombreux pays, y compris la Tunisie, le tourisme sexuel a entraîné l'émergence d'une nouvelle catégorie de travailleurs du sexe, les prostitués masculins (dragueurs, gigolos ou play-boys professionnels) qui agissent comme partenaires sexuels pour des visiteurs de sexe féminin ou masculin qui cherchent des expériences érotiques."

Gambia: - "Both female and male prostitution is widespread in coastal areas, as is drug addiction among the Gambian youth." (Info Sources: 1,2)

Sénégal: - L’ambiguïté des textes sur la prostitution au Sénégal (Word Download): "La prostitution masculine: Elle concerne les hommes qui ont des rapports avec des hommes. Cette prostitution touche une tranche d’age entre 14 et 22 ans maximum. C’est pourquoi on dit que le temps de carrière des prostitués masculins est très court, car quand ils approchent la trentaine, ils sont moins recherchés, les clients étant intéressés par les garçons moins juvéniles...Il semble que la majorité des jeunes qui s’adonnent à la prostitution masculine expliquent leur comportement par l’oisiveté, le manque de formation, le manque de moyen, le chômage, alors tous les moyens sont bons pour gagner sa vie... Cependant, par le sentiment d’exclusion ressentie par ceux qui la pratiquent, la prostitution masculine est vécue de manière particulièrement forte et sociologiquement moins connue et moins étudiée. Et pourtant, elle est aujourd’hui en forte augmentation et cette évolution mérite une réflexion et une attention particulière de la part du législateur."

Ivory Coast: - ‘Yan Daudu’ and Proud - Same-Sex Bonds Take Many Forms In Africa Today(1999):[In] in Abidjan, the capital of the Ivory Coast, two figures in skirts sit on a concrete block, pulling wigs and scarves and assorted makeup out of bulky handbags. It is the early evening and they have an hour or so to get ready before the competition and first customers come. Olivia is thin and handsome; Tina, more talkative, has a blouse cut so low that it reveals the shadow between his chest and his padded bra. Business is not bad, says Tina, despite interminable problems with the police. The customers, Ivorians and other Africans, pay whatever the market will bear. Meanwhile, on the other side of the road, hustlers arrive and wait for customers who prefer their men dressed as men.

Kenya: - Reducing HIV/STI Risk and Improving Treatment for Male Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya. - Male sex worker in Kenya with ‘important’ clients. - In the shadows too long, one of Kenya’s gay male prostitutes speaks out for change (2009). - Social context, sexual risk perceptions and stigma: HIV vulnerability among male sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya (2009). - Bisexual male sex workers run big risks (2010): Up to 60 percent of male sex workers in Mombasa also have female sexual partners, according to a recent study presented at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections in San Francisco.

Male sex workers who have sex with men (MSM-SW): marginalized and high risk population with poor access to STI/HIV health services in Nairobi, Kenya (2010): A total of 164 MSM-SW have already been enrolled into the cohort, majority aged between 25 - 35 years with a median of 27 years. 78.7% of them use alcohol daily while 46.2% reported having had a blackout in the past 3 months. 29.9% of the men also used Khat and 7.9% used bhang frequently. Only 28.5% of the MSM -SW reported always using condoms for insertive and receptive anal intercourse while16.2% reported always using condoms for vaginal sex. The STIs rates are: Chlamydia at 26.1%, Gonoccoccal infection at 5% while 1% had Syphilis. 47.6% of the cohort is HIV infected with 33% those aged 15-19years already carrying the virus.. - In the life of a Kenyan gay sex worker (2010).

The Continuum Complete International Encyclopedia of Sexuality: Kenya (2006): Male prostitutes are readily available on the streets of Nairobi and Mombasa, usually catering to tourists. They are well dressed in order to be able to enter international hotels. Male prostitution serving an African clientele does not seem to exist. The prostitutes themselves are probably bisexual, many having girl friends or wives, and considerthemselves heterosexual. - Is Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) Useful in Risk Behaviour Assessment of Female and Male Sex Workers, Mombasa, Kenya? (2009).. - Perceived and experienced stigma among male sex workers who sell sex to men in Mombasa, Kenya (2008).

‘Yan Daudu’ and Proud - Same-Sex Bonds Take Many Forms In Africa Today (1999): [In] Nairobi, men come to a bar in a well-known public building for their "sun-downer"— the drink at the end of the day. Some are flamboyant, wearing makeup and jewelry. Jack, almost seven feet tall, is a 23-year-old hairstylist who has been blackmailed and arrested several times by the police. Others are more discreet, such as Odongo, 42, a gas station attendant from near the Ugandan border who left his wife in his hometown and regularly pays for the company of young men.

Ethiopia: Revelation of Homosexual Life in Ethiopia – Part 1 (2011): We follow Abiye as he moves to Addis Ababa and almost inevitably sinks into a life of male gay prostitution. He was warmly welcomed into a sub-culture that is almost impossible to believe exists in the Addis Ababa we know and live in. The community of male homosexual prostitutes has its own leaders, code names, protocols and etiquette. Clients encompass the gamut of society from all rungs of the economic ladder, religious affiliation and educational background. In the homosexual world, which Abyie inhabited in his time as a male sex worker, gender is fluid, no longer a distinguishing characteristic. Male prostitutes engage in various acts of sex, including orgies, oral and anal intercourse with paying clients during the night. During the day they search for romantic partners with whom they pursue monogamous relationships extending to and including a form of marriage. The overarching rule is complete and absolute secrecy as clients, and to an extent even the male prostitutes, have separate lives that can be irreparably damaged by exposure. Abiye chose to break this rule after years of shame and guilty when he was diagnosed with HIV/AIDS. His diagnosis accompanied by the similarly tragic fates of his friend’s made him see the importance of saving others.Below is a short interview with Abiye and Atelele, one of the leaders in the homosexual prostitute world... - Revelation of Homosexual Life in Ethiopia – Part 2: In an interview for the DVD, Ato Seifu Hagos summarized his findings which is featured in a publication of the Ethiopian Public Health Association. His research discovered that homosexuals in Addis Ababa congregate in gay owned bars and cafes as well as designated streets. He says that homosexuals are not an external entity to our society but very much a part of it.

Ghana: - Male prostitutes practice openly in Accra (2008, Alternate Link). - Gay for pay: Most Ghanaians are unaware that gay prostitution exists in the country, according to several gay community leaders. Homosexuality is considered "un-African" or a "White man's practice" that was brought to Ghana by white men or by Ghanaians who lived outside the country and introduced it to Ghana upon their return... The majority of male partners and customers of Ghanaian gay men are either Ghanaian or black, according to a study of gay men in Ghana authored by researcher Dela Attipoe. Foreigners make up about 37 percent of cases, the majority of whom are white. 

Zimbabwe: - Gay Prostitution Hits Streets of Harare (2007, Alternate Link).

Nigeria: HIV Prevalence and Risk Behaviors Among Men Having Sex With Men in Nigeria (2011): The MSM reported an average of 4.2 male anal sex partners in the previous six months. Selling sex to other men was reported by 24.4 percent of participants in Lagos and 36 percent in Kano. Sex with a girlfriend was reported by 49.7 percent of the MSM, and at least 6.5 percent reported paying female sex workers for sex. - Male sex work in Nigeria: a population-based estimate of a hidden and vulnerable population (2010): On any given Friday night in Lagos, an estimated 865 (95% CI: 707-1023) men are willing to engage in sex for money or goods with other men. In Kano on any given Saturday night, 641 (95% CI: 577-705) men are willing to engage in sex for money or goods with other men..

Uganda: - Male prostitute killed Uganda gay activist: police (2011).

Ivory Coast: - HIV/STI Prevalence and Risk Behavior Among Male Sex Workers Attending Prevention and Care Services in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire (Poster Presentation).

Search Engines & Directories: - Google.com. - Google Scholar. - MSN Search.- Proteus Search. - Wikipedia Listing of Search Engines. - All GLBT Resource Directories. - Google's GLBT Directory. - Yahoo's Directory. - DMOZ: Open Directory. - BGLAD. - Wikipedia. - GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture.

Directories for Open Access Resources: - The Directory of  Open-Access Journals. - Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR). - Yahoo Theses Access Directory. - Google Directory: Free Access Online Archives.

Open Access Collections From Multiple Sources: - Australian Research Online. - hal: articles en ligne (French / English Version). - Archive Ouverte INRIA. - Hispana. Directorio y recolector de recursos digitales. - Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal.  - Pacific Rim Library. - OAIster: a union catalog of available digital resources. - OpenPDF.com. - OpenJ-Gate: Open Access. -  findarticles.com: many free full text articles and papers. - Scribd.com. 

Search for Free Papers / Book Reviews: - All Papers are free at BioMed Cental (Open Access) & PubMed Central. - HighWire Press (Numerous Free Papers).  eScholarship Repository:  University of California, e-books, journals and peer-reviewed documents. - DSpace Eprints: Australian National University. - DSpace@MIT. - Virginia Tech: Digital Library / Archives. - eScholarship: U of California. - University of Southampton CiteBase. - Eprints: University of Nottingham. - T-Space at The University of Toronto Libraries.  - NTUR, National Taiwan University. - Allacademic: Some free papers to either read online or download as PDFs. -  UNESCO: Articles, Report, Dissertations, Films, etc. - Kyoto University Research Information Repository. - Doctoral dissertations and other publications from the University of Helsinki. - E-LIS: eprints in Library & Information Services. - CogPrints: eprints. - RePEc: Research Papers in Economics. - DiVa: Scandinavian University Documents. - The International Gay & Lesbian Review (IGLR): Book Reviews & Abstracts. - InterAlia, a peer-edited scholarly journal for queer theory. 

Search for Free Articles, Papers or Reports:  FindArticles.com - The Free Library. - France Queer Resources Directory. - Séminaire gai. - The QRD. - GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Human Rights Campaign. - IGLHRC: The International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission. - ILGA: The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. - ILGA-Europe: International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association of Europe. - Magnus Hirschfeld Archive for Sexology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. - Kinsey Institute Staff Publications. - Sexual Policy Watch Working Papers. -  NAZ Foundation International: Primary aim is to improve the sexual health and human rights of marginalised males who have sex with males, their partners and families in South Asia and elsewhere.  The World Health Orgazization. - The Body: The complete HIV/AIDS Resource. - POZ Magazine: Archive dates back to 1994.

Search for Papers, with Abstract Available (Some May Be Free): The National Library of Medicine (Free papera are highlighted). Abstracts from searches are available at: ERIC: The Education Resources Information Center (Many Free Documents). - Informaworld. - Oxford Journals (Some Open Access Content). - Springer Journals (Some Open Access Content). - ScienceDirect Journals. - University of California Press Journals on Caliber. - IngentaConnect. - Project Muse. - JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Wiley Interscience. - Cambridge Journals Online: Follow Link. - Sage Journals. - Palgrave Macmillan Journals. - Emerald E-journals. - University of Chicago Journals. - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Journals. - HeinOnline (Access Free Content, Law Papers). - SSRN: Social Science Research Network.

Search for Free Theses / Dissertations, May Include Papers: Library & Archives Canada, Electronic Free Theses Download. - Virginia Tech: Electronic Theses and Dissertations. - DSpace@MIT. - Electronic Theses & Dissertations BYU. - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) Center & Worldwide ETD Index. - Australasian Digital Theses Program (Abstracts Given & Free Downloads). - Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Abstracts). - PQDTOpen Dissertations (Abstracts & Free Downloads: ProQuest). DART-Europe: Free Access to European Doctoral Theses. - The British Library's EThOS service (British Doctoral Theses Abstracts). - DORAS: Free Theses,  Ireland. - TEL (thèses-en-ligne). - DiVa: Scandinavian Theses / Other Documents. - BORA: Open Archive, University of Bergen, Norway.  - Doctoral dissertations and other publications from the University of Helsinki. - LUP: Lund University Publications. - National Cheng Kung University Institutional Repository. - HKU Scholars Hub. - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertacoes (BDTD), Brazil. - OAIster: a union catalog of available digital resources. Free papers also available - OpenThesis.org.

To Part 2: History of Male Prostitution - Films - Books - General Information - Full Text Articles.

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