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A GLBTQ EDUCATION INTERNET RESOURCES Race / Ethnic Minority Issues North America, Europe & Australia/New Zealand Site of the Month (Jan. 2000): Crosspoint Anti Racism

Index: - Race/Ethnic Minority Issues: U.S., Canada, Europe,  New Zealand & Australia -  - Latin America / Africa -  - Middle East / Asia -  - Homosexuality:  Biological  or  Learned ? -  -  Public School Issues -  - Transgender / Tranvestite / Transsexual -  - Lesbian  &  Bisexual Women -  - Homo-Negativity / Phobia -  - Identity Formation  &  Coming Out -  - Counseling  &  Therapy -  - Professional Education  -  - Bisexuality -  - Religion   &  Spirituality -  - Male  Youth Prostitution -  - HIV-AIDS -  - Gay & Bisexual Male Suicide Problems -  - Drug / Alcohol Use / Abuse / Addiction  -  - GLBT History - - Community Attributes  &  Problems -  -  Couples / Families / Children / Adoption / Spousal Violence -  - The Elderly

Race / Ethnic Minority Issues in North America,  Europe & Australia / New Zealand

Part 1 (This Page): - Aboriginal People in Canada & United States: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books. / Australia. -- Latin-American / -Canadian: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books. -- African-American / -Canadian: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books.

Part 2: Asian-American / Canadian (Chinese - Korean  - Japanese - South Asian - Vietnamese -- General Asian Resources: Web Resources - Bibliographies. - Books. -- American, Canadians & Europeans of Middle East Origins: Web Resources - Books. -- General Resources for Peope of Color, including Racism Issues. - Books. -- Full Text Papers.
 

A Collation of Information related to racism issues: "Racism in Predominantly White Gay and Lesbian Communities"

ABORIGINAL PEOPLE

To "The SEARCH Section" For...
The Best Search Engines & Information Directories, The Searchable Sites to Locate Papers & Abstracts...
And The Sites - Some Searchable - Where "Free Papers" Are Available!

Note: The North American Aboriginal  Resources are now greatly expanded and they are located at a new web site: Aboriginal / American Indian / First Nations Two Spirit Information Pages and Suicide Issues. - The Greatly Expanded Internet Resources Webpage.

UNITED STATES & CANADA - What are Two-Spirits/Berdaches?  -  'Two spirit' people greatly respected. - Two-Spirit. - Berdache Origin Myth.   - The Berdache Tradition. - The Berdaches. - Berdaches N/A. - Berdaches ... and Assumptions About Berdaches. - The Berdache Spirit by Wendy Susan Parker. (Alternate Link) -  Same-Sex Marriages with Berdaches.  - What's the problem with 'Berdache'? - Two-spirited history. - We'wha (1849-1896). - We-wha of Zuni. - Zuni Berdache. - Le Berdache 20 ans après: Colloque et exposition, Université du Québec à Montréal 13 novembre 1999. - Two-Spirit vs. Berdache : acknowledging self-identity (2005). - Two-Spirit: A Look into Aboriginal Queer Issues (2010).

Sense and Sensuality - Two-Spirit: Alternative Sexuality in Native Culture (2008). - Native American concepts of gender and sexual orientation. - A Spirit of Belonging, Inside and Out (2006). - Berdach to Two-Spirit: The Revival of Native American Traditions (2007). - Oregon tribe to allow same-sex marriages (2008): Likely the first American Indian tribe to sanction them, specialists say. - Two Spirit and Queer Liberation Movements: From Radical Revolt to Freedom Fighting Justice (2009). - Gay Native Americans Reclaim Two-Spirit Culture (2009). - Two-Spirit: A Look into Aboriginal Queer Issues (2010). - More on gender, Part 2: “Two-Spirit” (2010).

"--and we are still here": from berdache to two-spirit people (1999). (Alternate Link):  "As we begin to unpack the great diversity of genders in Native North America and the ways in which sexuality informs performance of gender roles, we are drawn back to the original definition of berdache. Our research shows that there are indeed individuals today appropriately called berdache by researchers. We refer specifically to feminine boys and young males living on reservations and in urban places, both in Native and non-Native communities, who are passive sexual consorts of heterosexual and homosexual adult men. The emphasis in these relationships is sex.... On some reservations, feminine boys are used sexually by married men. In studies of male juvenile prostitutes in Seattle, Washington, it is primarily heterosexual adult males who seek out boys for passive anal and oral sex. In both Seattle and on reservations, such behavior is negatively sanctioned. It is not glamorous; it is not romantic; it is "sex for survival." These boys (aged nine to seventeen) are berdaches in the literal, original meaning of the word: boys used for sexual purposes. The married "heterosexual" men on reservations who engage in sex with boys retain their heterosexual status; they are never considered to be bisexual or homosexual. In some urban gay settings, these men are commonly called "Men who have Sex with Men (MSMs)." Reference: "Debra Boyer, "Male Prostitution: A Cultural Expression of Male Homosexuality," Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation (Seattle: University of Washington, 1986). Related Note: "We are not referring to all intergenerational male-to-male relationships, but only to exploitative pedophilia, which falls in the legal domain of child abuse: the "children" are not of legal sexual consent age. We are also not describing or referring to relationships that teenage boys have with older men as they are discovering and testing their homosexuality; that is the subject of another paper." Source: American Indian Culture and Research Journal.  23(2): 91-107. - The 'berdache'/'two-spirit': a comparison of anthropological and native constructions of gendered identities among the Northern Athapaskans N/A (Reference). - Berdach to Two-Spirit: The Revival of Native American Traditions. - Culture taboos has made the discovery of the Illinois berdache a extraordinary encounter. - The Two-spirited Rebirth of Indigenous Nations: An Interview with Waawaate Fobister (2009). - Summit gives voice to queer aboriginal priorities, TWO-SPIRIT / 'We're not here simply asking for a role': Adams. - Lost souls: The myths, murders and mysteries of 'two-spirit' people.

Two-Spirit Peoples. - Two spirited. - Two-Spirit Identity Theory. - Evolution of identity for a `Berdache Boy' N/A. - Two Spirited People of the First Nations. - Native American Berdache as Mediator: Towards a Culturally Specific Understanding. - Learning about "Two-Spirited People" in the American Indians Studies Library. - Queer American Indians from New York to San Francisco are showing both their spirits (2004). - A life of Two-Spirits (2006):  "I’ve been thinking a lot lately about what it means to be a gay man and native American. We were once revered on the reservation. Can we find the same respect again?' (More Articles) - Native vs. White Sex Cosmologies: Sex and Gender Variability vs. Variance in Inter- vs. Intracultural Perspective (1998). - First Nations and American Indian Societies and Gender: a primer for whites. - Two-Spirited People’s Struggles. - Gay Native Americans Rediscover 'Two-Spirit' Identity (2005): Young, gay American Indians are rediscovering tribal heritages that often revered "Two-Spirits," people who manifested both masculine and feminine traits. - Two Spirit: One World With Multiple Possibilities: Centering the Self in ones Spirit (2009, by Cameron Greensmith, Download Page).

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Native American Images). - Berdache (1997). - Two-Spirit People. - Film: Two-Spirited People. - Children of the Rainbow: Two-Spirited First Nations Group Takes Major Arts Award N/A. - Kichx Anagaat Yatx'i (Children of the Rainbow): Related Information: PDF Download. - "The Berdache" - a play by Cheryl Ann Costa: PDF Download. - Other Plays by Cheryl Ann Costa. - Cheryl Ann Costa Website. - The Work of Beth Brant. - Lambda Project tackles Two-Spirits for Upcoming Rainbow Theater Festival. - Two-Spirit People by Michael Beauchemin, Lori Levy, and Gretchen Vogel (Video: 1991). - Films: Long Eyes of Earth - Video: Honored by the Moon. - Two-Spirited and Multifaceted: Two controversial works are screened at the 2005 Vancouver Aboriginal Film Festival. - Fires Were Started: An Interview with Noam Gonick: "Noam Gonick’s new film, Stryker (2004), arrives with an immodest agenda. It wants to revise assumptions about indigenous people, and perhaps even change the way they view themselves..." - A Poet Finds His Past Is Just Where He Left It (Film Review): The Business of Fancydancing.

Visible Sexualities or Invisible Nations: Forced to Choose in Big Eden - by Lisa Tatonetti (2010): "This essay examines the construction of Two-Spirit identity in three contemporary narrative films, Big Eden, Johnny Greyeyes, and The Business of Fancydancing, arguing that, despite each story's focus on a queer Native protagonist, by their conclusions each film fractures Two-Spirit identities..." - TWO SPIRITS: Sexuality, Gender, and the Murder of Fred Martinez (2009). (Google Search). - Two-Spirit: a movie about Fred Martinez Jr (2010). - Two-spirit film criticism: Fancydancing with Imitates Dog, Desjarlais and Alexie (2010). - Two Spirit Films. - Two Spirit Videos Online. - Cal Poly to Present Film Screening and Discussion on Two-Spirited People in Native American Culture.

Two Spirited: the empowering story of Rodney "Geeyo" Poucette's shattering encounter with prejudice and his journey to overcome it. As a two spirited person (gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered), Geeyo hasn't always been so readily accepted in some Aboriginal communities. In August 2000, Geeyo registered as a dancer in the Kamloopa Powwow under the Jingle Dress category - a category normally reserved for women. After competing, an elder discovered that Geeyo was, in fact, a man and took away his championship...

Tomson Highway Website. - Tomson Highway Biography. - Tomson Highway Books. - Tomson Highway. - Tomson Highway, guest of honour at the 2006 Festival Voix d'Amériques (Word RTF Download): "He's Cree. He's gay. He spends half his time in the south of France and the other half in northern Ontario. Without a doubt, he is one of the leading Aboriginal writers in North America. And if that's not enough, he's also an accomplished pianist and an exceptional communicator who speaks English, French and Cree. He will be the guest of honour at the next Festival Voix d'Amériques, giving Montréal audiences a rare opportunity to catch this entertaining, outstanding artist and hear him perform in English and French.Tomson Highway is one of Canada's foremost playwrights. Born in a tent in a snow bank in northern Manitoba, he spent the first few years of his life in the forest before being placed in a residential school, like many of his generation. He studied at the University of Manitoba, in London, England, and at the University of Western Ontario, earning degrees in music and literature. His first play, The Rez Sisters, took the theatre scene by storm, winning the Dora Mavor Moore Award as well as representing Canada at the Edinburgh International Festival and being nominated for the Governor General's Literary Awards. He followed up with Dry Lips Oughta Move to Kapuskasing, which again won the Dora Mavor Moore Award along with the Floyd S. Chalmers Award."  - Tomson Highway.

The Universe of Tomson Highway. - Tomson Highway touches many (2008). - Tomson Highway to speak on Aboriginal literature (2009). - Tomson Highway back from hiatus (2010). - Tomson Highway - Toronto Premiere - 'KISAGEETIN: A CABARET' (2010). - Tomson Highway's Kisageetin: A Cabaret (2010).  - The Tomson Highway experience (2010). - Tomson Highway at U of M for week ‘in residence’ (2010). - Tomson Highway releases plays in Cree (2010). - World Premiere of Tomson Highway’s New Musical (2011).

 René Highway (1954-1990): a Canadian dancer and actor of Cree descent from Brochet, Manitoba. He was the brother of playwright Tomson Highway, with whom he frequently collaborated during their time at Native Earth Performing Arts in Toronto, and the partner of actor and singer Micah Barnes. Highway studied dance at the Toronto Dance Theatre, Denmark's Tukak Theatre, and at the Native Canadian Centre in Toronto. René Highway helped to create the role of Nanabush in his brother's play The Rez Sisters (1986), and was the choreographer for Dry Lips Oughta Move to Kapuskasing (1989).He died of AIDS-related causes in 1990. Native Earth Performing Arts started the René Highway Foundation in his memory..

Videos: Interview Tomson Highway. - Tomson Highway: Talks About the Cree Language. - Rockburn Presents - Tomson Highway. - Tomson Highway ideaCity05 Part 1. - Tomson Highway ideaCity05 Part 2. - Tomson Highway - "The Indian Woman". - Video Book Review The Rez Sisters by Tomson Highway.wmv. - Tomson Highway: On The Treeline. - Videos of Tomson Highway: 1. Tomson Highway Talks About the People. - 2. Tomson Highway Talks About Canada's Treeline. -  3. Tomson Highway Talks About Canada's Wildlife. - 4. Tomson Highway Talks About Caribou. - 5. Tomson Highway Talks About the Cree Language. 6. Tomson Highway Talks About Canada's Beauty. - Tomson Highway: Thank You for the Love You Gave (1997): A documentary portrait of the brilliant Cree playwright, musician, and novelist, Tomson Highway.

Chang, Oswald Yuan-Chin (2008). Tomson Highway's "The Rez" plays: theater as the Merging of native ritual through postmodernist displacement. Nebula, December. Full Text.

Agokwe celebrates two-spirited First Nations (2011): Nanabush, the trickster in many First Nation’s storytelling, threads together the tale of two young men battling with their sexuality, while giving context to the influence of Western influence on the changing attitudes towards homosexuality in the one-man play Agokwe. The play, which ran from Jan. 17 to Jan. 22 at the Cultch theatre, follows Jake, a shy, young, gay First Nation’s man, and Mike, a sought after hockey player who masks his homosexuality with bravado. The two locked eyes at a Warehouse One Jeans store at the Kenora Shopping Mall, but have never met because they live on different reserves and hide their sexuality... - Gay love on the rez: Hockey, powwow and two boys connecting (2011). - Review: ‘We’re all agokwe’ (2011).

Aboriginal Arts Kicks Off Summer Programs (2001) N/A:  Aboriginal Arts Program; Banff. - WagonBurner Theater Troop: An Evolving Indian Theater Experience. - Native Spring 2005: "the annual festival of indigenous events in San Francisco by the Native American Cultural Center (NACC).  This year our theme is indigenous Americas, inspired by the remarkable film "The Motorcycle Diaries."  Our theme explores interrelationships between indigenous people and lands throughout the western hemisphere.  We are very excited to welcome the Fulni-O Tribe of Brazil to San Francisco as part of this year's festival.  So enjoy the great variety of performances, lectures, nature events, and activities -- there is something in Native Spring for everyone!  And be sure to check out the Native foods before your evening show."  - An aboriginal adaptation of Romeo and Juliet  by the well-known Canadian actor and playwright Billy Merasty, the play is more commonly known as Godly's Divinia (A Love Story). Bill Merasty:  "Manitoba-born actor and writer Billy Merasty comes from a distinguished line of First Nations artists. His uncles, the late ballet dancer Renee Highway and the writer Tomson Highway provided gay-positive role models for the young Two-Spirited man growing up in a homophobic small town in northern Manitoba." - Billy Merasty.

Qwo-Li Driskill: "Cherokee Two-Spirit and Queer poet/activist/educator also of African, Irish, Lenape, Lumbee, and Osage ascent. An award winning writer, Qwo-Li's work has appeared in Many Mountains Moving, Mavin Magazine, The Raven Chronicles, Crab Orchard Review and the anthologies Nurturing Native Languages, Revolutionary Voices: A Multicultural Queer Youth Anthology and Speak to Me Words: Essays on Contemporary American Indian Poetry. Qwo-Li speaks across the country on issues of concern to First Nations Two-Spirit people, mixed-race people, queer and trans people, and people of color..." - Indigenous Literature with a Queer/LGBT/Two-Spirit Sensibility. - First Nations Literatures: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Two-Spirited Native Writers.  - LGBT/TS indigenous resources.

Swanson, Kerry (2005). The Noble Savage Was a Drag Queen. Hemispheric Institute’s e-misférica forum, Fall, issue 2.2. PDF Download. Conclusion: "As Homi Bhabha writes, freedom for those marginalized by colonization exists through the creation of new hybrid spaces beyond the confines, constructs, and definitions created by the colonizers. Freedom is the act of creating and existing in a place beyond definitions, beyond black and white, somewhere in the blurry space beyond the culturally safe margins of identity. Sexuality and its many taboos are nothing more than imaginary constructs that are given codes and rules as a method to enforce power. Names, rules, and acceptance levels change according to the dominant ideology of a specific time and place. In this way, something that was once a source of pride can easily become a site of shame, as in the case of non-heterosexuality under Christianity. Monkman refuses to accept the Christian constructs that were established and reinforced by colonial rule, and continue to deny and suppress the once-celebrated sexual diversity within Native tribes.  Through his visual and performance art, Monkman successfully creates a third space, where a time-traveling half-breed drag queen can take ownership over her history and sexual identity. From this position, the margins are the center, and the power of definition belongs to the once-marginalized. In creating this space, Monkman acknowledges the rightful place of the Two-Spirited person in traditional history, and encourages discourse that reflects on and amends the loss of Native sexuality through Christian imperialism.

Resources: - The International Two Spirit Gathering Website.  - 2-Spirited People of the 1st Nations. - NativeOut: Phoenix. - Tulsa Two-Spirit Society. - Minnesota Two-Spirit Society. - Bay Area American Indian Two Spirits (BAAITS). - Two-Spirit Society of Denver. - NorthEast Two-Spirit Society. - Two Spirit Circle of Edmonton Society N/A (Facebook). - 18th International Two Spirit Gathering 2006. - AIDS & Two-Spirited. - Two-Spirited People (McGill University). - International GLBT Native Press Archive. - Canadian Caucus for Two-Spirited and Queers of Colour, Egale Canada. - The Intersection of Sexual Orientation & Race: Considering the Experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered People of Colour & Two-Spirited People (GLBT People of Colour & two-spirited People). - Oklahoma Gay Natives. - Ohio Valley Two-Spirit Society. - Two-spirited people of Ontario & Friends of.

Resource Links: - 2-Spirited People of the 1st Nations Links. - Two-Spirited Youth Program (Vancouver, B.C.) - First Nations and Two-Spirited People. - Two-Spirited Native People. - The Two-Spirit Tradition. - Minnesota Two-Spirit Society. - WhiteWolf's Den. -  Perceptions (the first twenty-two years 1983-2004) Indigenous People. - Native American Berdache -Two Spirit People - Gender Does Not Determine Sexuality. - Canadian Rainbow Health Coalition: Two-Spirited Documents. - Two Spirit Voices. 

Queer Native American Resources. - People of Color: Native American Links. - The Native American Resources Page by the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Resource Center, UC-Riverside. - SAADAYA: A Call to Reclaim Queer Spiritual Traditions N/A. - Yahoo Two Spirit Group. - Two Spirit Social Networking Groups. - International Two-Spirit Links.

Will Rosco Website: Books, Articles, Essays.

Bibliographies: - Learning about "Two-Spirited People" in the American Indians Studies Library.  - The two-spirit tradition in native American experience: Bibliography. - Books on native homosexuality. - Indigenous Literature with a Queer/LGBT/Two-Spirit Sensibility. - American Indian Gay/Lesbian Topics. - Two-spirit articles and books. - Gay & Lesbian History: North America: Pre-Modern History. - Two Spirit People: Selected Readings: PDF Download. - U.S. Literature: Gender in Native American Literatures and Cultures.- Two-Spirit People: A Bibliography. - Two Spirit Bibliography. - American Indian Gay & Lesbian Bibliography. - Serving the Two-Spirit Community: A guide for librarians. - Two-Spirit Youth: Trauma and Healing: Citations and Additional Resources. - Queer Theory: Native American Books. - Indigenous Literature with a Queer/LGBT/Two-Spirit Sensibility.

People of Color: Native American Links. - Queer Native American Resources. - LGBT and Native American Links. 

Bibliographies: - Learning about "Two-Spirited People" in the American Indians Studies Library.  - The two-spirit tradition in native American experience: Bibliography. - Books on native homosexuality. - Indigenous Literature with a Queer/LGBT/Two-Spirit Sensibility. - American Indian Gay/Lesbian Topics. - Two-spirit articles and books. - Gay & Lesbian History: North America: Pre-Modern History. - Two Spirit People: Selected Readings: PDF Download. - U.S. Literature: Gender in Native American Literatures and Cultures.- Two-Spirit People: A Bibliography. - Two Spirit Bibliography. - American Indian Gay & Lesbian Bibliography. - Serving the Two-Spirit Community: A guide for librarians. - Two-Spirit Youth: Trauma and Healing: Citations and Additional Resources. - Queer Theory: Native American Books.  

Books: - Two-Spirit People Native American Gender Identity, Sexuality, and Spirituality - 1997 - edited by Sue-Ellen Jacobs, Wesley Thomas, and Sabine Lang (Google Books) (Amazon). - The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Culture - 1992 - by Walter L. Williams (Abstract) (Excerpts) (Amazon: 20 Sample Pages) (Review) (Google Books) - Changing Ones: Third and Fourth Genders in Native North America - 1998 - by Will Rosco. (Review) (Review - Alternate Link) (Amazon: Excerpts) (Google Books). - The Zuni Man-Woman - 1991 -by Will Rosco (Review). (Alternate Link) (Summary)  (Summary) (Review) (Amazon: 22 Sample Pages) (Google Books) (The Zuni Man-Woman: A Documentary Drama by Will Rosco, 1998). - Living the Spirit: A Gay American Indian Anthology - 1988, 1998 - edited by Will Rosco. - Many Faces of Gender: Roles and Relationships Through Time in Indigenous Northern Communities (Northern Lights, Calgary, Alta.), V. 2. - 2002 - edited by Lisa Frink, Shepard Rita S., Gregory A. Reinhardt (Review).

Becoming Two-Spirit: Gay Identity and Social Acceptance in Indian Country - 2006 - by Brian Joseph Gilley. - Two Spirits: A Story of Life With the Navajo - 2005 - by Walter L. Williams and Toby Johnson (Review) (Review) (Review) (Google Books). - Men as Women, Women as Men: Changing Gender in Native American Cultures - 1998 - by Sabine Lang, translated by John L. Vantine (Review) (Google Books). - Decolonizing the Sodomite: Queer Tropes of Sexuality in Colonial Andean Culture - 2005 - by Michael J. Horswell (Excerpt) (Google Books). - Queer Indigenous Studies: Critical Interventions in Theory, Politics, and Literature - 2011 - edited by Q-L. Driscoll. B Gilley, S. Morgenson, C. Finley. University of Arizona Press. - Becoming Two-Spirit: The Search for Self and Social Acceptance in Indian Country - 2006 - by Brian Gilley, University of Nebraska Press (Google Books). - Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Myths from the Arapaho to the Zuñi: An Anthology - 2002 - edited by Jim Elledge (Abstract) (Review, Must Scroll).

Books: - Sex and Conquest: Gendered Violence, Political Order, and the European Conquest of the Americas  - 1999 - by Richard C. Trexler: "His book is doubtless not only the best study of the American berdache, but also a significant contribution to the understanding of the development of power and authority in human society." (Publisher Reference) (Review) (Review) (Review) (Google Books). Powers, Karen Vieira (2002). Conquering Discourses of "Sexual Conquest": Of Women, Language, and Mestizaje. Colonial Latin American Review, 11(2) PDF Download: "Finally, Richard Trexler’s book Sex and Conquest: Gendered Violence, Political Order, and the European Conquest of the Americas (1995) turns our attention away from the sexual violence suffered by indigenous women and toward that of equally abused men—European, Native American and otherwise. His main subjects of investigation are male rape, homosexual passives, and the berdache (transvestized men raised as women in some Native American cultures to serve other, more powerful men in all things, including sex). Trexler’s most important insight is that the sexual abuse of men was merely another form of using sexuality and gender to establish hierarchy, but among same-sex groups. Even outside their dominant position vis-a`-vis women, some European and Native American men sought to dominate other men through sexual penetration, thereby creating a male hierarchy by turning less powerful men into women. If, as Trexler states, male rape (or “to be turned into a woman”) was the ultimate punishment and humiliation for a man, then it is clear that this practice and the discursive formations that grew out of it were deeply embedded in misogynist ideologies. Hence, the underlying principles of Trexler’s analysis about men are intimately tied to the gender discourses of power relations that began, first and foremost, with the subordination and even abhorrence of women, regardless ofrace or class, by the men of the period."

Books: - J. Spencer Rowe, Author Web Site N/A: - The Last of the Dodo's: Voice of the Two Spirit (creative non-fiction) (Preview): "The first ever published narrative book about Two Spirit Native Americans written entirely by a Two Spirit Native American. (Ojibwa) It speaks directly to the huge costs incurred when society removes the sacred from community." - Half Breed - RAW: ...is a photographic and text journey taking us on a healing path as we view each black and white photograph of a nude and semi-nude (exposed) Two-Spirit Native American. Complimented with Poetry this essay reaffirms the existence of the sacred Two-Spirit Native American people...   

Books: - Two Spirit People: American Indian Lesbian Women and Gay Men - 1997 - edited by Lester B. Brown (Google Books) (Book Review). Also published in the Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 6(2) - Abstracts - Abstracts: Preface: Sharing the Gift of Sacred Being. - Women and Men, Not-Men and Not-Women, Lesbians and Gays: Gender Style Alternatives. - Gender Selection in Two American tribes. - American Indian Lesbians and Gays: An Exploratory Study. - Urban Lesbian and Gay American Indian Identity: Implications for Mental Health Service Delivery. - That's What They Say: The Implications of American Indian Gay and Lesbian Literature for Social Service Workers. - Developing AIDS Services for Native Americans: Rural and Urban Contrasts. - AIDS Prevention in a Rural American Indian Population: A Collaborative Effort Between Community and Providers. - Sexuality, Nationality, Indigeneity (A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies) - 2010 - edited by Daniel Heath Justice, Mark Rifkin, Bethany Schneider (Duke Uiversity Press).

AUSTRALIA - Gay and homosexually active Aboriginal men in Sydney. - Aboriginal Reconciliation: A statement of support from Sydney Gay & Lesbian community organizations. - For the first time, an Aboriginal float will feature in Sydney's Gay Mardi Gras parade. - Gay and homosexually active Aboriginal men in Sydney - Bibliography. - The highlight for many was the moving speech - "Black & Gay" - by Aboriginal gay man, Noel Tovey {in Sidney). - The only Aborigine and lesbian in the world. - National Indigenous Gay and Transgender Consultation Report and Sexual Health Strategy (1998, PDF)  and First National Indigenous Sistergirl Forum (1999, PDF). - A Risky Business: Criminalising the Transmission of HIV in Australia (1998).

Queers for Reconciliation (Alternate Link N/A):  - ANWERNEKENHE II was the second national conference for Indigenous Australian gay men and sista girls. And as Gary Lee writes, it was a time for breaking silences, making  resolutions, and naming some deep-running waters. - Vast distances... Vast differences: "There have been many "explanations" for the outrageous discrepencies between the health levels of Indigenous Australians and the health of non-Indigenous people. Transgender and Queer Communities. - Young, gay, black, green and female. - Boys to Men. - Anwernekenhe is an Arrernte word, meaning “us mob”. Anwernekenhe I was the first ever gathering of Indigenous gay men and sistergirls. Coming together for the First National Indigenous Australian Gay Men and Transgender Sexual Health Conference. Participants gathered together on the lands of the Arrernte people at Hamilton Downs, Central Australia in 1994, sharing their concerns and experiences of sexual health and well-being: Anwernekenhe I, Hamilton Downs, 1994 (PDF) and Anwernekenhe II, Tambourine Mountain, 1998 (PDF).

Anwernekenhe IV, fourth national Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay, sistergirl and transgender HIV/AIDS – sexual health conference: "The National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Sexual Health & Blood Borne Virus Strategy 2005 – 2008, identifies Australian indigenous gay men, sistergirls, transgender and men who have sex with men as a priority group for HIV/AIDS and sexual health responses. The majority of HIV transmission of indigenous Australians’ is attributed to male-to-male sex." - Western Australian Aboriginal Sexual Health Strategy 2005–2008 (2005: (PDF Download). - Aboriginal health on the road to nowhere with unfunded policies (2007).

ANWERNEKENHE III (Third National indigenous Gay, Sistergirl and Transgender HIV/AIDS and Sexual Health Conference (2002): PDF Download) Strengthening Communities Through Prevention – Peer Education & Partnerships: "Day two of conference proceedings provided an Indigenous gay, sistergirl and transgender only stream, giving participants a confidential and supportive cultural space to discuss specific Indigenous gay, sistergirl and transgender community business. This was well received by all delegates and recommended for all future forums. Two of the most significant issues discussed at Anwernekenhe III were that of injecting drug use and child sexual abuse... - Breaking The Silence: Indigenous, Gay, Transgender, Sistergirl Sexual Abuse Workshop (by Gary Lee): "Our workshop on sexual abuse was about ‘breaking the silence’, and about giving ourselves permission to talk about our experiences, without feeling like there was something wrong with us. It is also about the community acknowledging that there is a problem. We hope it will force the community to confront the reality of just what is going on because it is not just our issue it is a community one... There have been few if any specific statistics collected, and even less social research conducted on Indigenous gay and transgender/sistergirl sexual abuse. In recent times, the calls for recognition of and action against Indigenous heterosexual abuse have risen around the country, largely through the initiatives and tireless efforts of Indigenous people themselves, with various levels of support from state and federal governments. It’s now time that we as Indigenous gay, transgender/sistergirl members of our communities gain the same levels of support for the sexual abuse issues facing us today. The cultural, social and emotional well being of our communities depends on it.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Project: The primary aims Project are: To provide Indigenous gay and bisexual men, and transgender people (sistergirls) with gender specific and culturally appropriate information, education and support to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STI's). Enhance the sexual health and well being of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay, bi-sexual men and transgender people (sistergirls), to enable them to make informed decisions and achieve and maintain control of their own sexual health. - Queensland Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Men who have Sex with Men (2005, PDF Download).

Video presentation: ‘Sistergirls' – Stories from Indigenous Australian Transgenders (2006): "A ‘story telling' video-documentary of four Indigenous Australian sistergirls this documentary projects positive images of Indigenous Australian sistergirls - giving people an insight into why we live our lives the way we do. It also raises a number of issues that have, and continue to impact on our lives... The use of the term ‘sistergirl' is a self adopted term, recognising that the western definitions of transgender or gay do not reflect the culture and lived reality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander transgender people...In the documentary the sistergirls talk about sistergirl identity and explain how this term is used in Indigenous communities." - Indigenous Homosexuality: Aboriginal Gay And Transgender People - Silences In Indigenous Sexuality: Colonial homophobia marginalised homosexual and transgender Aborigines. But intolerance was never part of traditional life, as seen in the story of the Tiwi Sistergirls... Sistergirls don't like to be referred to as "gays". They prefer the term "women". They also reject a lot of the myths about them, both from the mainstream and from Indigenous society. Firstly, they reject the claim that they are "unnatural". A Sistergirl is born, not made. It is clear by the age of two or three if a person has been born this way, and when they get to the age of six, parents give them to older sistergirls to look after because they're in that special category..."

Reflecting on Practice: Current challenges in gay and other homosexually active men’s HIV education (by Gary Smith & Paul Van de Ven, National Centre in HIV Social Research, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of New South Wales, 2001 - PDF Download): "Challenges identified by the Indigenous educators (those working with Indigenous gay and homosexually active men / Sistergirls) included: ... Keeping sistergirl issues a priority on the service providers’ agenda was identified as a challenge and required constant contact with the providers to reinforce the importance of such issues. Racial prejudice among White gay men was identified as a major concern. This was especially a problem for Indigenous men involved in predominantly White gay settings. - Homophobia within Indigenous communities was also identified as a major concern, with attitudes being expressed along the lines of, “They’re all just sickos”. - Despite the homophobia experienced by sistergirls within their communities, the educators claimed that most sistergirls were nevertheless respected within their communities. This respect, however, had less to do with being sistergirls per se and more to do, for example, with being employed (where unemployment is generally high). Sistergirls’ respect seemed also to be contingent upon their keeping a low profile with regard to their sexual activities, which served to hamper open discussion and other education efforts... - Interactions between sistergirls and their sex partners were characterised as “short and sweet” and as “a quick bang in the bushes with some man who is not getting it from his wife”. This was often the only source of sexual interaction and/or affection sistergirls received. If the choice was between sex without condoms and no sex at all, the choice was likely to be the former... - Certain men (heterosexually identified and often married) were known by sistergirls as potential sexual partners and sistergirls shared this information among themselves. The rest of the community, however, was kept in the dark. Sistergirls’ sexual partners were identified as the biggest barrier to developing a safe sex culture among homosexually active men within Murri communities... - The issue of sexual assault, sometimes at a young age, was identified. Providing a safe environment for sistergirls (e.g. a safe house) was considered important. But even this measure was thought to be beyond QuAC’s resource capabilities (and perhaps jurisdiction)..."

Aboriginal GLBT/Sistergirl Issues: - Rainbow Dreaming (2009): This year a contingent of Indigenous men will march down Sydney's Oxford Street with a very clear message: that homosexuality has always been an intrinsic part of Aboriginal culture... The sad reality is many Indigenous men who identify as gay or transgender struggle to connect with their communities and families. They're at a higher risk of suffering from depression or abusing substances and many often commit suicide... Often considered taboo in Aboriginal communities, homosexuality is rarely spoken about. - Indigenous Australians - Making a difference (2008): Following in these footsteps is 28-year-old Russell Weston, a gay Aboriginal man from Victoria’s Yorta Yorta tribe, who will walk from the tip of Australia – Cape York – down to Sydney to raise awareness about the high suicide rates in two communities close to his heart – the gay and the Indigenous communities.

House of BlackSTAR (2010): The House of BlackSTAR was established in 2008 by Blackbooty Supream, Brown Shuga and Pepa. Its specific aim is to support and empower Indigenous gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) and Sistergirl communities by elevating health and wellbeing. The Indigenous GLBT and Sistergirl communities suffer continuing discrimination based on sexuality and race within our own Indigenous groups, the broader society, and also in the gay and lesbian community. This neglect and indifference contributes to significant drug and alcohol related problems, and a growing number of suicides amongst young people, these issues devastate our community. The House of BlackSTAR aims to provide our disenfranchised group with pathways that will lead us from a position of perpetual disadvantage and invisibility, to a place of empowerment, self-acceptance, self-respect and belonging.

The Sistergirls (2009): Sistergirl is an Aboriginal English word that is broadly similar in meaning to MtF transgender, but not necessarily exactly the same. Sistergirls often identify as or live as women. Some do not dress like women, many do.  In traditional communities the word sistergirl also includes sisters (gay men) but to urban sistergirls it does not... - Black, out and proud (2009): Glittering sequins, cabaret tunes and dancing drag queens are not usually what one might associate with Indigenous performance. This, however, is no ordinary event. The occasion is the opening of Big Blak Dot, an exhibition of works by 'out and proud' Indigenous artists. The show is part of the Midsumma Festival, Melbourne's largest celebration of the gay, lesbian, bi-sexual, transgender and intersex (GLBTI) community. - Another black trans death in custody (2009, Alternate Link): Demand ensues for open investigation into an Aboriginal trans death in custody in Sydney, writes Rachel Evans. On March 10, 2009, three days after the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras, 34-year-old Veronica Baxter was arrested by Redfern police. She was charged with six counts of supplying a prohibited drug and held on remand at the all-male NSW Silverwater Metropolitan Reception and Remand Centre. Despite being a trans woman, she was placed in the maximum-security jail for men. Six days later, after a 14-hour break between checking her cell, she was found dead, hanging in her single cell. Baxter was an Aboriginal woman from the Cunnamulla country, south- west of Queensland. She dressed, appeared, and had identified as a woman for 15 years and was known by family and friends as a woman. Yet she was placed in a male jail against NSW government policy, which states that trans people be placed in the jail of their choosing...

Sistagirls - from the Tiwi Islands (2010): A half hour flight north of Darwin, the two islands that make up Tiwi (Melville and Bathurst) are better known for producing AFL footballers. The islands are home to a strong Indigenous community of around 2000 people. It’s also very Catholic. This is why it comes as some surprise that the community includes about 50 Indigenous transgender women. They call themselves the Sistagirls and like many women, dream of romance and finding a good man... The term Sistagirl is used to describe a transgender person in Tiwi Island culture. Traditionally, the term was Yimpininni. The very existence of the word provides some indication of the inclusive attitudes historically extended towards Aboriginal sexual minorities. Colonialisation not only wiped out many indigenous people, it also had an impact on Aboriginal culture and understanding of sexual and gender expression. As Catholicism took hold and many traditions were lost, this term became a thing of the past. Yimpininni were once held in high regard as the nurturers within the family unit and tribe much like the Faafafine from Samoa. As the usage of the term vanished, tribes attitudes toward queer indigenous people began to resemble that of the western world and religious right. - Dreamtime fire/Tiwi sistergirls (Audio): For thousands of years Aboriginal people have skilfully used fire to manage their environment. Senior ranger and fire ecologist Dean Yibarbuk from the Kabulwarnamyo community in Arnhem Land talks about the benefits of traditional fire management and Western science and how they go hand in hand. Across the water on the Tiwi Islands a community of transgender 'sistergirls' are the focus of a new collaboration between photographer Bindi Cole and drag artist Jason di Santis. 

Queensland Association for Healthy Communities Inc. (2008). Supporting transgender and sistergirl clients: Providing respectful and inclusive services to transgender and sistergirl clients (PDF). Resource developed by the Queensland Association for Healthy Communities Inc (QAHC) in conjunction with the Australian Transgender Support Association Queensland, Changeling Aspects Brisbane, Transbridge Townsville, FTM Queensland and members of the QAHC staff and board. "This resource is designed to support service providers building rapport with transgender (trans) clients. Tips on client consultations, preventative health care and sexual health are provided to assist services working with trans clients. Supporting the health and wellbeing of trans clients can be daunting if you
don’t know anything about trans people... In Queensland Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities some Sistergirls and Brotherboys are also trans people, but they may not identify with that terminology or undergo SRS. A Sistergirl’s birth sex is male. Sistergirls are often extremely feminine, and may live as women. Sistergirls often perform the roles of women, have heterosexual relationships with straight men, and are often accepted as women within their own community. Whereas a brotherboy’s birth sex is female. Brotherboys are masculine and undertake a male role in their intimate relationships. Brotherboys have heterosexual relationships with straight women. Brotherboys do not have relationships with each other, and nor do sistergirls, as these relationships would be considered homosexual, and are less likely to be accepted in the community..."

Crystal’s Story: Crystal shares with us a rich story of being an Indigenous Sistergirl from northern Australia. She has some warm and rewarding yarns to share, as well as some of the personal challenges she faced around learning to love and accept herself, as well as being proud of who she is... I didn’t know why the boys were picking on me, because we didn’t know about all these issues about you know difference in our community and I was mostly picked on by how do you say, white kids and also with coloured kids because the way I was acting in my community. And most of the Aboriginal kids who grew up with me, who knew me as Cyril, they didn’t have a problem because they were a member of my family. But with other kids in school and other Aboriginal kids who grew up in the community, they felt different towards me... Sometimes it’s really hard for Aboriginal people to come into the city and try and fit into the gay community because the gay community is always where, I’m sorry to say, it’s where you know, drugs, and all about sex and all about who’s got the more money and who’s living it up and you know. And we don’t live that way. We share, we care, we look after each other. But in the gay community if you’ve got the bucks you’re their friend. If you don’t have the bucks well you’re not their friend. Because you know why, I feel that for me, I see it every day. I live in both communities, gay and straight. And I feel the same; lifestyle is the same you know.  Crystal (2009): Not only is she an accomplished performer but her work in the queer community is just as credible. She is active volunteer for many groups including the Northern Territory AIDS and Hepatitis Council (NTAHC), the Australian AIDS Federation in Sydney whilst working full-time with the Tiwi Islands Shire Council. “I teach people about being themselves. In our community on Tiwi Islands we have about 69 sistergirls and I say to them to respect yourself, respect others and respect your culture and your culture will respect you and everything will fall into place.”  - Homoglobia 6: She’s not heavy, she’s my sistergirl (2008): In part six of our series, Maxine Clarke looks at GLBT life in Indigenous Australia.

GLBT/sistergirls Research: I am a young gay researcher of Mauritian background. I'm currently a PhD candidate in Health and Social Anthropology at the University of Provence (France) and I arrived in Australia 3 months ago to further a research project about Australian Indigenous GLBT/sistergirls experiences in urban settings. I collected about 50 life stories over 2 previous fieldworks and I am still seeking more participants in every States. The semi-directed interviews last about 1 hour and 30 minutes; it is anonymous and conducted in a culturally sensitive and respectful manner..." - "Sistergirls: stories from Indigenous Australian transgender people"  by Brown, Kooncha (2004). Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, 28(6) Dec 2004: 25-26.

For all Australians? In a time when many are hailing advances in HIV/AIDS treatments, and lauding Australia's response to HIV as exemplary, just how proud of our record should we be? Gay, Indigenous and HIV positive, Rodney Junga-Williams tells a different story. For Aboriginal Australians, he writes, its a question of: What access? Whose equality? - Survival '99 Queer, black and speaking out. - Gay Aborigines to gather for second 'Corroborree' N/A. - 'BlackOUT' is a newsletter by and for Aboriginal gay people. - OutBlack (Victoria) - This section looks at homophobia and its impact on Indigenous people - those from the first peoples of the land and sea in Australia. - SISSY [a 30-minute documentary] takes you behind the scenes to give a rare insight into a sub culture that has created its own space within the gay culture, and it explores the bond that sets the black ‘sisterhood’ apart from the white gays. SISSY is an expression of gay black identity: “We are glamorous, we are here and we are queer”: PDF Download.

"Too Busy Studying and No Time for Sex?" Homosexually Active Male International Students and Sexual Health [in Australia]: PDF Download N/A. (Related Information: PDF Download N/A - Reference) - Race, Sexuality and Education. What does it mean to be Aboriginal and gay in education in Australia? (Related Information) - Going That Way: "'…homosexuality has existed here for a long time, its not a White man's disease - its probably the only thing we didn't catch off the White man!' - Rea Saunders, Gay Perspectives II, (ed.) Robert Aldrich, Sydney Uni Press, 1994, p.9 Going That Way to me is about life energy, commitment and resistance. It is one of the least bullshit exhibitions I have ever been to. Ali Baker, 2000." - Postcolonial Nationalisms and the Problem of Heterosexual Whiteness. - Black-banning homophobia.

""Jugga" is the nom de plume of a Brisbane-based artist and his homoerotic artworks. The word Jugga is a northern aboriginal Australian term meaning "good mate". It was chosen specifically to emphasize that aspect of the Australian working-man's life that the artists drawings and paintings capture. Jugga concentrates on the Blue-Collar/rural working-class men who have same-sex encounters but don't identify as being homosexual or gay... Jugga's work captures this class of men engaged in homoerotic situations. It focuses the artist's sense of this group of ordinary men based on his own personal experience in the blue-collar working environment. Although these men are not represented in mainstream gay art and culture they are often pivotal to the sexual desires and fantasies of many in the gay community..." - The end of gay? (PDF Download: some information on the gay aboriginal situation.)

Black + White + Pink:  is a group of volunteers from the lesbian, gay, transgender and bisexual community who have come together to ensure that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander issues remain on the agenda of the gay and lesbian community in New South wales. - Sweeties for a Treaty. - Sydney Mardi Gras!!! Black+White+Pink. - Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander participation in Sidney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras 2000. - Mardi Gras 2001. - Black+White+Pink Consultation Forum. - Gay Perspectives II - 1994 - edited by Robert Aldrich: "This volume includes articles on homosexuality in traditional and contemporary Aboriginal life; the life of a homosexual convict in colonial Australia..." Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance, ‘Peopling the Empty Mirror: The Prospects for Lesbian and Gay Aboriginal History’, in Aldrich (ed.), Gay Perspectives II, pp. 1-62

Silverfoxes Club Digest: "He also thought that the Aborigines were ignorant of homo-eroticism. When he was asked about conditions in the colonies, particularly about .unnatural acts., the Bishop noted that those crimes were unknown to .the savage. until they were taught them by the convict. We know this to be false. Anthropological evidence points to the institutional arrangements and ritual practice among some of the native groups. These ranged from permissive sexual arrangements between a man and his wife.s brother (since the latter belonged to the same marriage class as his wife) to men masturbating each other before setting out on a warrior mission. One of Ullathorne.s great concerns was with the moral contamination of the young. He laid much emphasis on the way in which boys and young men became educated about unnatural activities.."

‘Kerryn and Jackie’:  Thinking Historically about Lesbian Marriages (by Barnara Baird, PDF Download): "The Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance (GLAA) give an account of the how homosexuality has appeared in historical records, mainly anthropological, about indigenous peoples in Australia. While noting the scarcity of recorded information about indigenous women’s sexuality generally, the GLAA nevertheless quote Phyllis Kaberry’s contribution with respect to the Kimberley district: ‘The lesbian relationships of Australian women were an acknowledged part of their sexual behaviour and were included in their ritual activities’. The authorscomment that it was when Aboriginal communities felt the full brunt of colonisation and Aboriginal people were institutionalised in missions and reserves that ‘the social structures in which homosexual relationships were integrated began to collapse’. The GLAA’s article concludes with reference to US queer theorist Michael Warner’s claim that ‘the heterosexualization of society was … a fundamental imperative of modern colonialism’."

Then and Now: Gay Men and HIV (2003, PDF Download): "The experience and possibilities of doing gayness and Indigeneity are discussed in various ways and places (Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance 1993; Willis 2003a, b). Of relevance here too is Gregory Phillips’ Addictions and Healing in Aboriginal Country (2003). HIV positive Indigenous gay men and sistergirls are included, but not differentiated by sexual identity, in Willis et al (2002b). The Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations has auspiced community consultations and major documents on Indigenous Australian gay men and transgender people and on sexual health (AFAO 1998a, b). Three Indigenous gay men’s accounts of gayness and community can be found in Hodge (1993). Hurley (1996: 1-2) contains a bibliography. Wayne King speaks autobiographically (1998) and Sydney experiences appear in Brady (2001). Tony Ayres’ film Double Trouble (1991) and Noel Tovey’s play Little Black Bastard (Benzie 2003) are also key documents. While discrimination appears as a major issue in all of them, there are also complex discussions of how sociality, the scene and community are negotiated."

Double Trouble, film by Tony Ayres: nterviews with indigenous gay men and lesbians in Australia discuss the problems of being a minority within a minority.

Black Hours (by Wayne King). Wayne King: "Over several years, he had thoroughly uprooted himself from a culture in which he and his kind were the object of racism. He lived in a world that was relatively autonomous from the person-defining processes of family and nation. One word that describes this semi-detached world is ‘impersonal’; here was ‘impersonality’ in a benign form, the demands and opportunities of international bureaucracy and of gay sexuality combining to foster an ethos of personal liberty..." - Re-historicising 'Racism': Language, History and Healing in Wayne King's Black Hours: Although education rarely fulfilled its promise to open doors for Aboriginal people, the 'sissies' course' allowed King to earn good money, remain in steady employment, and avoid what he calls the 'manual labour mentality that pervaded the Aboriginal community'. His office skills also proved to be his 'passport out of Ipswich'... As a gay Aboriginal, however, in racist, homophobic Australia, King was doubly marginalised on the basis of both race and sexuality. He experienced racial prejudice from the gay community, and homophobia amongst sections of the Aboriginal community. He recalls being picked up by a gay man in a car, and thrown out again as soon as the man learned he was Aboriginal. Even more hurtful was his discovery of the depth of racial prejudice amongst his gay friends: "Rejected and spurned by society for being homosexual, they had spoken angrily of the discrimination they had to face. Yet they saw nothing wrong in their attitude towards me; saw nothing to condemn in themselves... Those white boys in that room thought that a racist was some yobbo in a blue Chesty Bond singlet, shorts and thongs with a beer can in one hand, the other scratching his balls. The subtlety of racism had escaped them. If you had an education, you couldn't be racist. Terry's racist comment [that the right place for Aborigines was in the bottom of an ash-tray] had tipped the scales for me. Gays may have been outsiders, but as a gay Aborigine, I might as well have been from Mars.""

Little Black Bastard: "It was during the early 1950s at school that the sexual abuse he had experienced as a young child was crystallised. Tovey was attractive to boys. He was, despite his colour, welcomed into their circle, but only if he paid with sexual favours. His unsparing recollections about the many beatings he endured for being black and frequent rapes while at school, are unsettling. Remarkably, he looks for no sympathy, he expresses no bitterness. He knew men wanted him, but his own homosexuality was not evident until later... Besides his clear artistic interest and developing skill as a dancer, Tovey was, by the mid-1950s, also a teenage rent-boy. "I was inured to the act of sex," he says. "My obvious good looks, exotically coloured body and total lack of morals were my entree to some of the best addresses in Melbourne." It was also at this time, he says, that the defining moment in his life occurred. After a police raid on a drag party in Albert Park that Tovey was attending, he was charged with buggery. He was sent to Pentridge. He was soon released, but not before he went through his own dark night of the soul. He contemplated suicide and was visited by a profound sense of his indigenous self..." Review. Interview.

Gender Trouble Down Under: Australian Masculinities: "is divided into seven chapters... Then Chapter VII, entitled “Double Trouble,” addresses lesbian and gay aborigines, the amazing destiny of Australian performance artist Leigh Bowery abroad (Bowery, extreme transgenderist, has recently been incarnated by Boy George on Broadway), and finally transgendered and transsexual individuals and politics."

Video presentation: ‘Sistergirls' – Stories from Indigenous Australian Transgenders (2006, Related Information): "A ‘story telling' video-documentary of four Indigenous Australian sistergirls this documentary projects positive images of Indigenous Australian sistergirls - giving people an insight into why we live our lives the way we do. It also raises a number of issues that have, and continue to impact on our lives... The use of the term ‘sistergirl' is a self adopted term, recognising that the western definitions of transgender or gay do not reflect the culture and lived reality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander transgender people...In the documentary the sistergirls talk about sistergirl identity and explain how this term is used in Indigenous communities." - Indigenous Homosexuality: Aboriginal Gay And Transgender People - Silences In Indigenous Sexuality: Colonial homophobia marginalised homosexual and transgender Aborigines. But intolerance was never part of traditional life, as seen in the story of the Tiwi Sistergirls... Sistergirls don't like to be referred to as "gays". They prefer the term "women". They also reject a lot of the myths about them, both from the mainstream and from Indigenous society. Firstly, they reject the claim that they are "unnatural". A Sistergirl is born, not made. It is clear by the age of two or three if a person has been born this way, and when they get to the age of six, parents give them to older sistergirls to look after because they're in that special category..."

Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations (AFAO):  - The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Gay, Sistergirl and Transgender HIV/AIDS – Sexual Health Project..- Indigenous Projects: AFAO Strategy for responding to sexual abuse of young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay men and sistergirls. This document, published May 2005, proposes some specific interventions that might be trialled to determine their effectiveness in reducing sexual abuse. - Hot Chocolate: Access for all A training package addressing Indigenous gay men and transgender / sistergirl's access to HIV and sexual health services. - First National Indigenous Sistergirl Forum (1999, PDF Download).

Risk behaviour among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay men: comparisons with other gay men in Australia.

Sample Policy & Procedures Manual For Services funded under the Supported Accommodation Assistance Program (SAAP) N/A: "Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander): The National Indigenous Sexual Health Strategy (NIASHS) states that sexual health includes the personal rights to freedom from fear, shame, guilt and myths about choice of sexuality and sexual relationships. Multiple risk factors include the variety of identities, where the balance between race, sexuality and gender identity is complex and may vary over time. The term “Sistergirl” refers primarily to a transgender male to female within the Indigenous communities, an Eastern States term which is being used more and more in WA. There are many Indigenous cultures partly or fully accepting of people with DSG. Some of the specific areas for Indigenous people with DSG are:

Fear of being “outed”, particularly in the rural communities. - Lack of confidentiality in service provision. - Community and social relations, where service users are related to service staff. - Absence of Aboriginal Medical Service’s (AMS) in rural areas. - Local AMS not equipped to deal with DSG issues, as well as HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI) and other sexual health. - Alienation from Indigenous and non-indigenous health services for reasons of actual and perceived homophobia. - Lack of acceptance of DSG within Indigenous communities. It is sometimes seen as a ‘whitefella’ disease. - Lesbian women may hide their sexuality and even live in a heterosexual relationship. - Racism from the DSG community, as well as internalised. Internalisation of culture of violence. - Some research has identified adult male to youth male rape by men who have sex with men (MSM), but don’t identify as gay and often have wife and children. - Increased risk of HIV and other STI’s due to unprotected sex, either mutually agreed or sexual abuse/rape. This includes risk to wives by their MSM partners. - Opportunistic or commercial sex work for survival, financially and otherwise. - Injecting drug use, alcohol and other drug abuse. - Displacement from home and families due to perceived or real non-acceptance. - Dual identities, which can not always be harmoniously combined. - Difficulty in talking about sex, including safe sex. - Lack of positive role models. - Indigenous lesbian women are rarely visible and little is known about their particular issues. - Indigenous female to male transgender people are even less visible.

There are many diverse Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities that are different in language, land and cultures. Each has different ways of talking about sex, sexuality and gender. Many say that their sexual identity decides what someone’s life will be like. For some people, who they live with and enjoy being with, defines who they are and their identity. For many Indigenous people these ideas don’t explain who they are, as they have a more holistic view of themselves and their relationships within their community or with other people. For many Indigenous people their DSG does not determine their role in the community. When they are born they are taught who to talk to and who their mob is, as well as their relationships to other people in the community. They are told who they can sleep with and who they can’t. This is also true for Indigenous people identifying with sexuality and/or gender diversity. Family relationships are very important for the acceptance in their community for people identifying with sexuality and gender diversity. Many will find these relationships too hard and un-accepting and will leave their community to live in bigger cities.

LATIN-AMERICAN  &  -CANADIAN

- California Dems Elect Gay Latino Speaker, San Fran Paper Cries 'History!' (2009) - Gay Latino Hero: Daniel Hernandez, Jr. saved Rep. Gabrielle Giffords' life (2011). - Monica Marquez joins CO Supreme Court as first Latina, lesbian justice (2010). - Colorado Welcomes First Latina, Lesbian Supreme Court Justice (2010). - Hartford's Gay Puerto Ricans Find A Role Model in Pedro Segarra (2010). - Latina Lesbian To Save California? Brown Retains Arnold's Budget Director (2009). - Senate drops block on “radical lesbian” Latina (2010): What should have been an easy route to a confirmation vote was anything but for Marisa Demeo.. - Latina Lesbian Pride (2008). - Census Snapshot: California's Latino/Latina LGB Population (2008, PDF). - Mexican Lesbian Couple Claims Refugee Status in Canada (2009). - National Latin Gay Group LLEGO Folds (2004). - Often shunned by family, Oregon's gay Latinos fight for respect (2010). - Family Rejection as a Predictor of Negative Health Outcomes in White and Latino Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Young Adults (2009). - Increased risk of suicide attempts among Black and Latino lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals (2011).

Perez N, Torres L (2011). Latina Portrait: Latina Queer Women in Chicago. Chicago: Amigas Latinas & Mujeres Latinas en Acción. PDF Download. Three hundred five Latina LGBTQQ participants between the ages of 13-60 years old2 completed the survey (262 in English and 43 in Spanish).Given the lack of visibility that characterizes the Latina LGBTQQ community, the high participation rate is indeed noteworthy; the survey team successfully rallied queer Latinas to shed light on the problems and needs of the community. The respondents vary in terms of racial/ethnic identity, sexual or gender identity, education, employment, income, relationship status, immigration or citizenship status, age, and geographic location.Almost 55 percent (54.9%) identify as Latina, 18.8 percent as Hispanic, 6.5 percent as Chicana, and 10.1 percent as Boricua.3 In regard to nationality, 50 percent identify as Mexican, 25.6 percent as Puerto Rican, 4.2 percent as Cuban, 5.2 percent as Central American, 9.4 percent as South American, 2.6 percent as Dominican, and 9.1 percent as biracial/ multiracial... In terms of how women define their sexual identity, 50 percent identify as lesbian/gay/homosexual, 8.8 percent as bisexual, 6.5 percent as queer, 1 percent as straight or heterosexual, 4.5 percent as uncertain/questioning, and 9.7 percent do not use labels to identify themselves. In the space provided for Latina women to identify themselves in an alternate way, one woman explained that she identifies as a lesbian politically, and another that she dates both sexes but hates the term bisexual. In regard to how women view their gender identity/expression, 9.1 percent identify as butch, 26 percent as femme, 0.3 percent as transgender, 3.2 percent as genderqueer, 14.3 percent as androgynous (not butch or femme), and 29.2 percent report that they do not use these types of labels. Some participants also added that they identify as futch, tomboy, soft ag, soft butch, gender non-conforming,multi-faceted, half femme and half tomboy, femme butch, and gender fucker. These various gender identities intersect with sexual identity in complex ways.

Gaytan N, Goode Maralá (2011). Latina Portrait: Domestic Violence and Latinas. Chicago: Mujeres Latinas en Acción. PDF Download. Domestic violence is a destructive force in the lives of many Chicago Latinas, its negative effects rippling throughout the community. This article provides a portrait of the challenges many Latinas confront on a national and local level in relation to intimate partner violence. The study and subsequent recommendations are based on a literature review, an analysis of interviews with a total of 14 providers, and more than three decades of experience of Mujeres Latinas en Acción in working with battered Latinas.

Coming Out: Aceptando tu orientación sexual. - A proposal for a 28-minute documentary - De Colores - discussing homophobia faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in the Latino community (2004). - Documentary Short Exploring How Latino Families Are Overcoming Homophobia Wins Audience Award at OutFest: De Colores Screens At Film Festivals Around the Country and Begins National Distribution (PDF Download). - Gay Latinos, "La Raza" and the new “Familia” N/A. - Hispanics support church teachings on abortion, homosexuality (2002). Homosexuality in Spanish History and Culture: PDF Download. - ¿Q.U.E. P.A.S.=A.? Queers Understanding Education, Power, And Solidarity = Advancement. - "Ley Azteca" (Mexica) Against Homosexuality. - Among Latinos, Homosexuality Still Creates a Quandary (1997). - Gay Students Struggle to Be Recognized as Diverse: Campus groups reflect differences (1999). “It’s As Simple As L-O-V-E”. (2005): "For the love of your children, it is time to put your bloated egos in check, and begin to detoxify what you claim is your "pure" love and go about the business of nurturing your child. If he or she is nothing more to you than a potential "breeder" then you had no business having a child in the first place. Your sin against your child is infinitely more unholy than the sexuality God saw fit to imbue her or him with. You need to know that. You need to deal with that!" - King Ricky Martin Is More Than You Think (2007). - Ricky Martin: Being Latino and Gay (2010). - Latino Gay and Bisexual Men's Relationships with Non-Gay-Identified Men Who Have Sex With Men (2010).

Crossing the Gay Color Lines (2007): "Isaiah Washington, an African American actor, uses the word "faggot" during an altercation on the set of ABC's Grey's Anatomy. Tim Hardaway, a black former NBA star, hears that another former NBA player is gay and responds: "I hate gay people. … I am homophobic. It shouldn't be in the world or in the United States." White gay men see these incidents as examples of a homophobic African American culture. Straight African Americans see a cynical media exploiting caricatures of the angry, ignorant black man. Neither appraisal reveals the more complex truths about why GLBT people and African Americans still eye each other suspiciously across the cultural divide. Are the parallels that gays make between GLBT struggles and the civil-rights movement instructive or offensive? What is the deeper meaning behind the perceived homophobia in the African American community? And what about inclusiveness in the gay community? Do gays of all ethnicities live up to the ideal of the "rainbow" people?..." - Stigma and suicidality: Prevalence and patterns among Latino gay men in Chicago and San Francisco (2005): The sample consisted of 200 Latino gay men (n=100 in Chicago, n=100 in San Francisco), recruited through respondent-driven sampling, who completed a Computer Assisted Self Interviewing survey (CASI). Results show a high percentage of both recent suicidal ideation and lifetime suicide attempts. One out of three men reported at least one previous lifetime suicide attempt... - New Study Reveals Latino Parents' Views On Bullying, Sexual Orientation And Prejudice (2007). - Latino Parents Avoid Talks About Sexual Orientation (2007). - Gay Latino men and their fathers: A qualitative study on their relationship (2009). 

Gay and Lesbian History, and "Dia de la Raza". -  Miami's gay Latino community turns out for pride (1997). - Exploring queer racism, Chicano homophobia (2003). - LGBT students discuss Latino heritage and sexuality (2004). - Gay Latino/as receive support at conference (1999). - Being openly gay and vocal about it is very important to me. - Gay Latino Student Deals with Challenges (2000). - Reinvigorating the fire in New York's Latino queer community (2000). - Nueva York, la tierra no tan prometida (2006): Estados Unidos constituye el paraíso para los homosexuales latinoamericanos que encuentran en este país la oportunidad para vivir una vida plena que difícilmente encontrarían en sus países de origen. - Como es ser Latino/a y Gay en Ann Arbor (2003): Just as all Latinos are not the same, all gay people are not the same. The experiences of gay Latinos, inside and outside of the U.S., is diverse and varied from one person to the next. The ways in which they handle these experiences differ as well. Recently I spoke with five Latinos, locals and internationals, about their sexual orientation and life. Their experiences and circumstances, though varied, can offer little more than a snapshot of this diverse subgroup within our Latino community.

FELIPE'S Things Latino at EgOWeB - Lesbiana, Homosexual, Gay, Femenista CyberRaza. - Cultural Impressions: Martín Ornelas-Quintero, Executive Director of LLEGO, talks about the importance of having a positive image in the gay Latino community. - Outsiders Within? Ethnic labels empower and disempower Latino faculty. Life in the borderlands of the academic community means living with new dilemmas and paradoxes (2003). - Notable LGBTs, etc. of Latino/a Descent N/A. - Will Hispanic Honor Killings, Homophobia Be Our New “Community Standard”? (2005) - Discrimination and Poverty Harm Mental Health of Gay Latinos (2001). - "We too are immigrants"; gay Latinos are crossing the border from Mexico in search of a better life and a place where they can be themselves. But when they get here they're not always finding the American dream (2006).

Latino gay men's experiences of spiritual reintegration: A heuristic study (2010). - Identity development of Latino gay men (2010). - Race/Ethnicity Matters: Latino Versus Caucasian Young Gay Men’s Sexual Stories (2001, PPT). - Family and Community Influences on the Social and Sexual Lives of Latino Gay Men (2007). - A brief guide to understanding the HIV-related concerns of Latino Gay Men who experienced childhood sexual abuse for agencies planning and implementing HIV prevention programs (2008). - .Childhood Sexual Abuse and its Sequelae Among Latino Gay and Bisexual Men (2008). - Hispanic gay couples struggle more than white counterparts (2005). - Taking a look at gay Hispanics (2005): A statewide study of Hispanic same-sex couples shows similarities to other Latino households, according to a national gay rights advocacy group. The study will be used in the fight to end bans on same-sex adoption and marriage in Florida.

Invisible Latino Gays and Lesbians by Osvaldo Del Valle (2001): "I recently returned from Milwaukee, where I attended the 23rd National Council of La Raza (NCLR) Conference  [July 14-18, 2001] and Latino Expo. The National Council is the largest U.S. advocacy and public policy organization for Latinos and Latin Americans living in the U.S... With an estimated 12,000 in attendance, only two  "out" gay people (that I found) did not make any sense. What was evident was the fact that Latina/o gay and lesbian people were and are underrepresented at these types of conferences... Also, at the Latino Expo, the largest Latino expo in the U.S., there were no organizations representing queer Latino issues or affairs. The National Latina/o Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Organization (LLEGO) did not have a booth and they had been involved in the past at least once." - Hispanic Magazine - "How Does Gay Marriage Hurt the Traditional Thing? Let's Count the Ways" (2004) - Latino alliance decries U.S. marriage ban (2004). - Black, Latino, Asian Same-sex Couples Have Most to Gain, Lose from Marriage Fight (2007). - Attitudes about Same Sex Marriage in San Antonio, TX (2005, PDF Download). 

Lesbians : Latina Lesbians (2002). - Coming home to a Latina lesbian self: Race and Sexual Orientation in Legal Scholarship (1998). - Two Latinas, Two Lesbians, Two Laff Riots (2002). - Latina Playwrights Probe Collision of Cultures (2001). - Literary magic with Weeping Woman and Leti: Mexican myth and lesbian identity fascinate first-time author (2003). - Lesbians of Color: Racism, Homophobia, and Community Identity. Tortilleras: Hispanic and US Latina Lesbian Expression (2003). (Introduction: PDF Download) - Lucia Mendez, Marisela and Deadlee to Perform at the Latin LGBT Pride Festival (2003). - Latina Lesbians Speak Out About Gender, Sexuality and Interpretation of Popular Culture (2007). - Does ‘The L Word’ get Latino culture right? (2006). - Latina Lesbian Literary Herstory (2000): Latina Lesbian Literary Herstory: From Sor Juana to Days of Awe. - glbtq: Latina Literature.

Latina Lesbo Subculture (2010): Most Caribbean-born Latina women attracted to other women don't relate to being called "queer," "lesbian" or "tortillera," words created by a past political gay movement to help us form community (Chicanas seem to be different). These women in their twenties have built a Latina subculture represented by strong Latina friendship bonds. They meet at parties, movies, theatres, the beach, Unity Church, political events, softball games, motorcycle cliques, restaurants, friends’ houses, concerts, art festivals, gay clubs, online (Facebook, Myspace and many tweet)and so on. Since most non-political Miami Latinas loathe being branded or labeled, they try to blend in with straight folks by looking and acting het (long hair, makeup and jewelry). If you don't form part of the Latina posse/clique you might never know that a restaurant is filled to the max with lesbians. Although there aren’t exclusive gay restaurants in Miami, there are dozens of gay friendly restaurants where LGBT’s meet on a regular basis. Unfortunately, you probably need to be Latina/o or connected to the Latina/o gay culture to fully experience our “community.”

Peña, Abráham  (2012?). Empowering the Self, Creating Worlds: Lesbian and Gay Latina/o College Students’ Identity Negotiation in Figured Worlds. Journal of College Student Development, ... PDF Download. Drawing from Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (1998) identity theory, this study sought to understand how six self-identified lesbian and gay Latina/o college students negotiated their sexual and ethnic identities. Participants identified two equally flawed dimensions, the hometown and college figured worlds, from which they sought an alternative de-stigmatizing space for identity negotiation. Through the senses of freedom, security, and belonging, the participants became selfempowered to create a third figured world – a space governed by their individual expectations and social norms – where their identities could coexist.

Lesbian Feminist Separatism: The words “feminism” and “separatism” do not fit easily in the Latina lesbian psyche. During the heyday of feminism and the lesbian movement, most lesbians of color declined to affiliate with what was perceived as “white middle-class lesbian feminism.” This choice was based on irreconcilable differences with white lesbians over issues of ethnicity and race and at times over issues of class. It was also a response to pressure exerted by the Latino culture. When mujeres of any orientation resisted the pressure to prioritize Raza over gender and sexual orientation, they risked being labeled as “traitors to La Raza,” “manhaters,” and “lesbians.” Lesbian separatism, a more radical stance, was judged to be a political luxury that betrayed the general agenda of the Chicano and Latino political struggle...

Mujeres Diversas (Diverse Women) Conference (2010). - Latina Lesbian Health Conference (2010): This conference will be conducted in Spanish. Join us on September 12 at Casa Latina for our first Latina lesbian health conference. Topics will include Alcoholism, LGBT Families, Domestic Violence, HIV and Hispanic Women, and Breast Health.. - Latina Lesbian Groups Face Complex Challenges (2009). - Lesbian Comedian Sandra Valls on SistersTalk Lesbian & Gay Radio (2009). - Latina Lesbian Moms Wanted (2010): I’m passing along this message from Julia Li, a producer of the documentary “Out in America,” which will air nationally on PBS in 2011. She says “It’s a film that celebrates and explores a diverse spectrum of experiences in various LGBT communities, but there are a few voices that are still missing from the film.” In particular, she says, they are now looking for “Latina lesbian parents with school-age children.”. - Marginalized multiplicities: The journeys of Chicana/Latina lesbian and bisexual high school students (2007). - Walking contradictions : Latina lesbianas, immigration and citizenship (2010).

Latino/s and Sexualities: Breaking Silences, Creating Changes: 2005 Conference. - Latino Leadership Institute: Like all leaders, women, African Americans, Latinos, and those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender must convey credibility, foster career-building alliances, and master the informally learned nuances of management. Yet, being perceived as "different" or "other" presents unique challenges as these managers seek to establish themselves within their organizations. - They Don't Want To Cruise Your Type: Gay Men of Color and the Racial Politics of Exclusion (2007): Despite the civil rights dialogue used by the gay community, many 'gay' organizations and members of the 'gay' community continue to exclude men of color from leadership positions and 'gay' establishments, thus continuing to add to the notion that 'gay' equals 'white'. Likewise, gay men of color experience homophobia within their racial and ethnic communities. In this paper, I discuss both the subtle and the blatant forms of racial exclusion practised in the 'gay' community as well as the homophobia found in racial and ethnic communities to examine how such practices affect gay men of color, particularly their self-esteem and their emotional well-being.

QV Magazine: The Latino men's journal of style, culture, and entertainment. - En La Vida (Chicago) - En La Vida Archives. - LAVENDER NATIONS: Indigenous/Latino Alternates. - Sexuality Comes to Forefront of Chicano Studies Conference N/A (1999): "Sexuality, including the study of sexual orientation and sexual 'outlaws,' eroticism and machismo, is today at the forefront of Chicano studies, reflecting a trend seen in all disciplines of the social sciences and humanities." - The Making of a Latino Gay Movement: Visibilidad! (2001) - The GALAEI Project: Gay and Lesbian Latino AIDS Education Initiative. - AIDS: Are Latinos A High Risk Population? (2002) - Double Jeopardy: How Racism and Homophobia Impact the Health of Black and Latino Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Communities (Word Download, Alternate Link).  - How Does Media Say 'Gay' in Español? (2005):  Often, Unsuitably: When it comes to Spanish-language media's portrayal of gays and lesbians, a wealth of dirty words abound, says Monica Taher, director of the Los Angeles-based Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD). "In the Spanish-language media world, [derogatory] words like mariquitas, puñal, joto, maricón, marimacha [lesbian], rarito, puto are not only common but permissible," Taher says. "We recommend [even for Spanish-language media professionals] the usage of the word 'gay' because it has transcended borders and because the word homosexual still has a negative psychological connotation."

Gay Latinos Converge On San Diego, Tijuana (1999). - Language and Reference Guide to Help Cover the Latino/a LGBT Communities (2002). - Groundbreaking HIV Prevention Campaign Targets Latino Gay Community (2003). - Race/Ethnicity Matters: Latino Versus Caucasian Young Gay Men’s Sexual Stories (PPT Download). - The L Word's Brush with "Latino Culture"(2006): Despite the fact that the Latino population is one of the fastest growing minority groups in the United States, few television programs have featured LGBT Latino characters. This is not surprising given the fact that most TV characters in general—let alone gay characters--are Caucasian, but even on gay programs like Queer as Folk  and The L Word, Latino representation is almost nonexistent. - Beantown Cuban, one of the few but proud: Growing up gay in South Boston (2007). - Lesbianas in the Borderlands: Shifting Identities and Imagined Communities (2008).- The Experience of Parenting for Lesbian/Gay Latinas/Latinos (2011). - Latino Gay or Lesbians Adopt Children at Highest Rate (2008). 

La Familia (UCLA) exists because our experiences as a people, our historical and continued struggle for liberation gives rise to particular needs and interests which require a different framework of analysis than that of the mainstream Queer community. Recognizing the issues of religious bigotry, heterosexism and ignorance in the Latino(a) communities and racism and ignorance in the larger Queer  communities, La Familia demands a safe space of its own to explore, support and educate ourselves concerning issues that affect us simultaneously, e.g. racism, sexism, heterosexism, and class. - Tongues - began and developed with the leadership that reflects its target population. The current leadership of Tongues has been active in the Los Angeles area since October 1999 and grew out of an initial interest to create a politically and socially conscious magazine and website 'zine for Queer women of color, specifically Xicanas/Latinas. - Queer/Joto: Performing the Epidermic Cartography of Lesbian and Gay Chicanos By Antonio Prieto (2000, PDF Download). -  "Response to 'Sex and Social Control'" by Harry Vélez Quiñones, University of Puget Sound (2007). - Social Discrimination and Sexual Risk: The Case of Latino Gay Men in the U.S (2003). - Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Among U.S. Residents of Mexican Descent. (2006, PDF Download). - Studs, Stems, and Jotos: Queer Latino Youth (PPT Presentation).

Mestiza/o Gender: Notes Towards a Transformative Masculinity: At the core of these communities was the idea of "coming out" - or publicly naming one’s queerness to others. This explicitly named gayness was quite different from the unnamed ambiguous position I held within my family. After I came out, my position in my family changed as I sought to force them to accept American gayness as the basis for how they understood me and my queerness. My efforts led to great conflicts between myself and most of my family members. As I grew increasingly isolated from my family, I realized that American gayness with its emphasis on the individual wasn’t sufficient for me or my particular situation. I began to seek a way to construct an empowering queerness that challenged heterosexism but that also didn’t isolate me from the people I love so much. Constructing my queerness solely out of either Latin American homosexuality or American gayness presents great obstacles to the type of queerness I want to embody. Like Juan Diego, my options are seemingly limited - Do I choose the gendered homosexuality I grew up with in my family or the individualistic gayness of the country I was born in? Given the overwhelming power of both types of homosexuality to resist challenges to their oppressive elements, I find myself moving within and between both systems to create the queerness I seek...

Hispanic and Latino Same-Sex Households in Florida (2006): Introduction to the report by Jason Cianciotto and Luis Lopez. - Third of Calif. Gay Couples Latino: A new study shows that at least one partner of a third of the same-sex couples in California is Latino and that more than a half of the Latino couples is raising children. - Invisible Lesbians: Latina Immigrant Lesbian Coming Out Experiences (PDF Download). - Measuring the dimensions of stigma towards homosexuality among Latino MSM (2004). - Identity: Latina Femme Dyke with Butch Rising (1997).

HIV/AIDS In Latino Community Has Reached Crisis Proportions, New Nclr-Csulb Center For Latino Health Reports Findings (2006). - HIV/AIDS in the U.S. Latino Community (2010). - Latino Celebrities Unite for Universal Cause (2010): Whether it’s a Hollywood actor, a beauty icon, a Broadway sensation or an international news anchor, Cielo Latino – the largest national fund-raiser for HIV/AIDS in the Latino community – attracts them all! - HIV/AIDS: Crisis among Young Black and Latino Gay Men and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) (2009). - MPowerment Project of the Latino Commission on AIDS Celebrates Latino gay Identity, Diversity and Culture through Music, HIV-prevention Messaging and a Stunning Fashion Show (2009). - Study: HIV Lurking in Many Unaware Gay, Bisexual Men (2010).

Latino Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: Unique Needs and Challenges (2002). - What Are U.S. Latinos' HIV Prevention Needs? (2002) - Event to bring awareness to AIDS in Latino communities (2006). - Health, Culture, HIV/AIDS, and Latino/a College Students (PDF Download). - Bearing Witness: Resiliency In the Lives of (Homo)Sexual Latino Men (PDF Download N/A). - The University of Illinois School of Public Health is launching a first-of-its-kind research project on Latino gay and bisexual men and HIV prevention N/A. - Intimate partner violence and HIV sexual risk in Latino gay men: The role of sexual self-efficacy and participation in difficult sexual situations (2005, Related 2006 Conference Presentation). - Latino Gay Men (2005): A brief guide to understanding Latino gay men and their HIV-related concerns when planning and implementing HIV prevention programs. - Latino Men who have Sex with Men and Women & HIV Prevention (2011)

Methodological issues in research on sexual behavior with Latino gay and bisexual men : Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered communities: Linking theory, research, and practice (2003). - “I Don’t Fit Anywhere” (2007): How Race and Sexuality Shape Latino Gay and Bisexual Men’s Health. - Reasons for stimulant use among Latino gay men in San Francisco: a comparison between methamphetamine and cocaine users (2005). - Latino Homosexual Behaviors and Sex Roles N/A: Manuscript under review N/A Related Paper. - QVMagazine: The Papi Issue.

BAILE 2011: 25 Years and Still Dancing! (2011): For the past 25 years, allgo's annual Baile, has come to be known as one of the largest gathering of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people of color and allies in Central Texas.  It is through the nurturing of our community’s love, passion and relentless dedication that Baile continues to be a much anticipated annual event across the State. As allgo’s largest fundraiser, Baile provides an excellent opportunity for you to further invest in the work of this important organization. Through your sponsorship you will have the opportunity to reach allgo’s large network and constituency.

allgo Speaks: Reflections on Intersectional Organizing (2010): Working for social change in the intersections of multiple oppressions requires innovate approaches. In this article, two women offer their reflections on working in an organization that is organized by, for, and about queer people of color (POC) and prioritizes issues that affect them. The women also form the collectively constructed voice of the organization to describe the organization, its mission, models, and principles. They discuss working under the influences of racism, classism, and homphobia while attempting to work against racism, classism, and homophobia; working in a collective; and the challenges of and strategies for working in collaboration and with a diverse constituency.

Other (2006): pop culture and politics for the new outcasts. - Latino, Black, Asian Leaders Call For Help Fighting HIV In LA N/A (2007):  "Many Latino, African American, and Asian Pacific Islander men who have sex with men do not self-identify as gay and therefore may reject prevention messages and other social marketing campaigns targeted to openly gay men, the coalition said Friday..." - Gay Caballeros (2005): Inside the secret world of Dallas' mayates: "And then, right in the middle of a gay bar, Ignacio told me he is not gay. To a misunderstood and controversial segment of the population—illegal male Hispanic immigrants—Ignacio’s claim that he’s not a gay man wouldn’t seem so far-fetched, even though he happened to be at a bar that any objective observer would consider gay. Ignacio is what’s known as a mayate, a Hispanic immigrant, often quite new to America and hailing from rural Mexico or Central America, who will have sex with men but doesn’t think of himself as being gay. Ignacio doesn’t consider himself gay, because he is always activo when he’s with another man. Among mayates, there is one stark rule: The activo partner—or the person whom gay American men call a “top”—maintains his sense of masculinity, while the person who’s being penetrated does not..." 

Stories of a Queer Latino tudent at Harvard: Redefining homosexuality and race in the new era.

Resource Links: - QV Magazine Latino Links. - Hispanic / Latino/a Links. - HRC: Resources for Latinas and Latinos. - Queer Latino/a Resources. - Gayscape's GLB Latino & Latin American Resources. - Pridelinks.com's Latino Links.- AGUILAS / El Ambiente: Resources - Recursos. - Latina & Latino Community at Temenos. - Coordinadora Gai-Lesbiana: Direcciones de WWW de interés. - Chicana-Latina Lesbian Resources. - Austin Latino/Latina Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Organization. - Latino Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Resources. - HIV InSite Resources. - Associació Cristiana de Gais i Lesbianes. - Ambiente Joven. - GLB People in the Americas. - Hispanic/Latino Resources N/A. - Pride Depot Links N/A.-  Living Out Loud with Darian: A blog that discusses a range of issues from an African-American gay male perspective. - Black Gay Men's Blog.

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Latino/a Images). - Cine Gay Returns to the San Diego Latino Film Festival 2007. - Doorman (2006): "A deeply 'in the closet' homosexual Latino doorman of a New York apartment building begins to unravel emotionally when he is seduced and then dumped by a privileged college kid who lives in the building. This leads to a graphic showdown between the two men, and the consequences are shattering. "Doorman"looks at the brief but explosive relationship between these two men, both of whom are battling two very different types of internalized homophobia." - Latina/Latino American Art. - Latino/a History Timeline.  - "Eminent Maricones: Arenas, Lorca, Puig, and Me" (1999): A writer considers his place in the pantheon of homosexual Hispanic letters. - 2009 Miami Latin Gay Film Festival To Kick Off With “Quemar Las Naves” - Latina Lesbian Films.

2007 Boston Latino International Film Festival: Now in its sixth year, the Boston Latino International Film Festival is the premier showcase for films produced by Latinos and films dealing with social issues of interest to Latino communities. The Festival provides an exciting forum for filmmakers, academics and film enthusiasts to meet and discuss the state of Latino film. This year's festival includes a wide array of fiction and nonfiction work, including a special emphasis on gay and lesbian issues and Mexican cinema..

Breakthrough Black and Latino Roles on the Big Screen (2007). - Benjamin Bratt & Peter Bratt Discuss Their Latino Gay Film "La Mission" In Theatres Now. (2010). - Project Gay Latino Los Angeles (2011): structured around the lives of three young gay Latino men from various social, economic and national backgrounds. Each is introduced through verité footage and interview clips.The stories are illustrated with photo stills and/or archival footage. - Marimachas in Aztlán: Performing Chicana/Latina Butch Lesbian Gender and Sexuality (2011). - Gaytino! Born Gay, Born-Again Hispanic (2005): “I’m doing it all!” says Dan Guerrero, a theatrical jack-of-all-trades about his new one-man play, Gaytino! - Spanish-Language Radio Drama Tackles Gay Issues (2011).

Videos: Fuera del Closet: Gay Latino Immigrants in Dallas. - It Gets Better, By Julio (Gay, Latino and Proud). - Gay Latino Spoken Word: He Swallowed. - The Expatriate - A story of a latino gay male coming out and finding home. - Latino Gay Immigrants in Washington DC. - 2009 Portland Latino Gay Pride: La Lucha.  - For Gay Hispanics in the U.S., “Se Pone Mejor” (2010): “Se Pone Mejor” is one of many videos published through the project that reflects the experiences of LGBT Latino immigrants.

Bibliographies: - Gay & Lesbian Themes in Hispanic Literatures & Cultures. - Bibliography of Sexuality Studies in Latin America. - Latina Lesbian & Bisexual Bibliography. - Latino/Hispanic Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual resources. - Select Bibliography on Gay/Lesbian Latinos(as). - Bibliography of Queer Chicana (and a few Latina) Fictions. - Bibliography of 20th-Century Queer Chicana Fictions. - GLBT Multicultural Bibliography. - GLBT Latino Literature. - Gay & Lesbian Themes in Hispanic Literatures & Cultures. - Bibliography of Works on Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered Chicanos/as and Latinos/as. - U.S. Latina Lesbian History and Culture: A Bibliography. - Mapa callejero. Crónicas sobre lo gay desde América latina (2010): This month Editorial Eterna Cadencia published Mapa callejero: Crónicas sobre lo gay desde América latina (2010) [Street Map: Chronicles on Queerness from Latin America] in their Nuestra América Series. Edited by José Quiroga, this collection gathers texts from all over Latin America to explore diverse perspectives and discourses on gay identities. The collection was launched last week at the Eterna Cadencia Bookstore in Buenos Aires, Argentina.   

Books: - De Los Otros : Intimacy and Homosexuality Among Mexican Men (Between Men -Between Women) - 1995 - by Joseph Carrier. (Review) (Review) (Review) (Review) - Latino Gay Men and HIV: Culture, Sexuality, and Risk Behavior - 1998 - by Rafael M. Diaz (Abstract) (Amazon) (Review). - Machos, Maricones, and Gays: Cuba and Homosexuality - 1996 - by Ian Lumsden (Review) (Amazon) (Google Books). - Tropics of Desire: Interventions from Queer Latino America (Sexual Cultures Series) - 2000 - by  Jose Quiroga (Google Books). - Latina Lesbian Writers and Artists - 2004 - edited by Maria Dolores Costa (Google Books). - Tortilleras: Hispanic and U.S. Latina Lesbian Expression - 2003 - edited by Lourdes Torres and Inmaculada Perpetusa-Seva. Introduction: PDF Download. PDF Download. (Amazon) (Google Books). - Unrequited Love and Gay Latino Culture - 2005 - by Daniel T. Contreras. - Latin American Writers on Gay and Lesbian Themes:  A Bio-Critical Sourcebook - 1994 - edited by David William Foster (Google Books). - Latina Lesbian Writers and Artists - 2003 - by Maria Dolores Costa (Google Books).  - Boston Boys Club - 2007 - by Johnny Diaz (Interview: Chica Lit, Meet Johnny Diaz and The Boston Boys Club) (Boston Boys Club, "Sexy y la ciudad") (Review).  - With Her Machete in Her Hand: Reading Chicana Lesbians - 2006 - by Catriona Rueda Esquibel (Content, Excerpt) (Google Books). - Chicano/Latino Homoerotic Identities - 1999 - Edited by David William  (Google Books) (Review). - If Jesus Were Gay & other poems - 2010 - by Emanuel Xavier (Review). - Homecoming Queers: Desire and Difference in Chicana Latina Cultural Production - 2009 - by Marivel T. Danielson.

Books: - Counseling Gay Men and Lesbians: Journey to the End of the Rainbow - 1992 - edited by Dworkin, Sari H. & Gutierrez, Fernando J. (review) (Amazon). - Conversaciones: Relatos por padres y madres de hijas lesbianas y hijos gay (Talking with Parents of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgendered Latinos) - 2001 - edited by Mariana Romo-Carmona (Review) (Author Related). - Chicana Lesbians : The Girls Our Mothers Warned Us About - 1991 - edited by Carla Trujillo (Review). - Companeras: Latina Lesbians (An Anthology) - 1989 - edited by Juanita Ramos (Latina Lesbian History Project, 1987).  (Related Information). - Besame Mucho: New Gay Latino Fiction (New Gay Latino Fiction) - 1999 - edited by Jaime Manrique, Jesse Dorris. - They Dream Not of Angels but of Men: Homoeroticism, Gender, and Race in Latin American Autobiography - 2002 - by Robert Richmond Ellis (Abstract). - Virgins, Guerillas and Locas: Gay Latinos Writing about Love - 1999 - edited by Jaime Cortez (Amazon). - So Hard to Say - 2004 - by Alex Sanchez (Amazon). - Latina/O Sexualities: Probing Powers, Passions, Practices, and Policies - 2009 - edited by Marysol Asencio (Google Books). - Queer Ricans: Cultures and Sexualities in the Diaspora - 2009 - by Lawrence La Fountain-Stokes (Google Books) (Review). - The Sexuality of Migration: Border Crossings and Mexican Immigrant Men - 2009 - by Lionel Cantu, Nancy Naples, Salvador Vidal-Ortiz (Google Books) (Review Essay: Queering the Political Economy of Migration: Identities, Space and Borders).

Books: - Queer Iberia: Sexualities, Cultures, and Crossings from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance - 1999 - edited by Josiah Blackmore and Gregory S. Hutcheson (Review) (PDF file of one article in the book: Juan Ruiz’s Heterosexual “Good Love” by Daniel Eisenberg). - Latin American Male Homosexualities - 1995 - edited by Stephen O. Murray, Clark L. Taylor, Manuel Arboleda G., and Paul Kutsche. - Hispanisms and Homosexualities (Series Q) - 1998 - edited by Sylvia Molloy, Robert Irwin (Google Books). - Hombres y Machos: Masculinity and Latino Culture - 1997 -  by Alfredo Mirande. - Queer Latinidad: Identity Practices, Discursive Spaces - 2003 - by Authors: Juana Maria Rodriguez (Amazon) (Google Books). - Reading and Writing the Ambiente: Queer Sexualities in Latino, Latin American, and Spanish Culture - 2000 - by Susana Chavez-Silverman (Google Books). - The Sexual Construction of Latino Youth: Implications for the Spread of HIV/AIDS -  2000 - by Jacobo Schifter, Johnny Madrigal, Johnny Madrigal Pana (Google Books). - Borrowing Time: A Latino Sexual Odyssey - 2003 - by Carlos T Mock (Abstract) (Author Interview).

AFRICAN-AMERICAN &  -CANADIAN

Ramsey F, Hill MJ, Kellam C (2010). Black Lesbians Matter: An examination of the unique experiences, perspectives, and priorities of the Black Lesbian community. PDF Download. As the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer (LGBTQ) movement gains momentum around the country, it’s important to ensure that the perspectives and priorities of Black lesbians are represented. Research studies show that Black lesbians are among the most vulnerable in our society. For example, a recent study by the Williams Institute found that Black lesbians in same-sex couples had poverty rates of 21.1%, compared to 4.3% for White lesbians, and 14.4% for gay Black men.1 Such disparities speak to the need for a fresh assessment of the unique experiences of Black lesbian communities... However, in order to adequately represent Black lesbians, a national needs assessment was necessary. This survey, the National Black Lesbian Needs Assessment asks, “Who are we? And what issues/concerns do Black lesbians view as important?” ... This study does not include youth members of the Black lesbian community; it focuses on Black lesbians ages 18-70. This quantitative study is akin to a Black lesbian “census.” ... The largest percentage of the population surveyed is between 40 and 49 years of age with 84% of the participants holding undergraduate degrees and maintaining an annual salary of at least $51,000. In this survey, over 36% of the women are from the southern region of the United States, in localities where homophobia is a daily occurrence. The survey respondents challenge the view of who is traditionally viewed as Black lesbians... The National Black Lesbian Needs Assessment found that domestic violence experienced by Black lesbians is rarely reported to authorities, but has occurred in the lives of 41.9% of the respondents. Respondents reported they had experienced domestic violence either with a man (14.1%) or in a same-sex relationship (27.8%)... The National Black Lesbian Needs Assessment revealed that Black lesbian visibility is an essential element in the political and economic landscape. This survey brings to the forefront information from a traditionally marginalized group. This survey also highlights the needs and concerns of Black lesbians as defined by them...

Ghosts of Ourselves: The Invisibility of the African-American Lesbian (2002). - The Life of Ruth Ellis, America's Oldest Lesbian Rights Activist (2000). - Cuban, Black and Gay: An Interview with Tomás Fernández Robaina (Related). - The Ordeal of the Gay Cubans. - Cross(ing) Cass: The Limitations of Models of Nigrescence and Homosexual Identity Formation in Black Homosexuals’ Identity (2002, Other Writings by Kevin Trimell Jones). Conceptualizing Identity Development: Unmasking the Assumptions within Inventories Measuring Identity Development - by Christy D. Moran (NASPA Journal, Vol. 40, no. 3, Spring 2003: PDF Download) - African Americans and Coming Out: Resource Guide. - Gay African-American survey is both hailed and criticized. - How African-American gay activists in the rural south found community support - AIDS activism (2001). - A Conversation With My Brothers: Black Gay Men at Midlife - Part 1 of a series (2007). 

Gay black men discussing effeminate males. - The (Re) Construction of African-American Masculinity -- Homosexuality by J Cools (1998, African-American Research. Vol. 3-1). - Black Masculinity Matters in Attitudes Toward Gay Males (2004, PDF Download). - Black Masculinities Conference at CUNY Graduate Center (2005). - Punks and Fags: Homophobia in Black and Latino Communities (1997). - My Gay Problem, Your Black Problem (1997): African American men's fear and misconceptions contribute to their homophobia. (Alternate Link) (Part 2) - Direction of the Black LGBT Left: A dialog on the Black Radical Congress list December 1999. - The influence of dual-identity development on the psychosocial functioning of African-American gay and bisexual men - by Isiaah Crawford et al. (Journal of sex Research, 2002). - Publisher/Founder of Popular Black Lesbian Magazine Leaves Gay Lifestyle to “Give Heart and Soul to God” - Changes mission of magazine to help those who want to leave life of homosexuality (2007).

Queer Bodies, Afrocentric Reform and Masculine Anxiety (2010): Even though queer youth of color have a strong presence in urban communities and schools across the United States, they are often misunderstood, ignored, and assaulted (Blackburn, 2007; McCready, 2004; Quinn, 2007). Gay and gender nonconforming Black male youth, in particular, can be troubling to urban educators because they disrupt beliefs and behavioral norms associated with young Black men who are often represented as hyper-masculine, heterosexual, thugs (Majors and Billson, 1993). Maintaining such as negative view of Black queer youth constitutes a missed opportunity for urban educators to develop more socially just praxes that challenge multiple forms of social and cultural oppression...

Waking Up To Common Ground: dialogue between the African American and lesbian/ gay/ bisexual communities.  (Alternate link) - Online commentaries related to "Stop using the black struggle to receive protective status."N/A  - Kerry compares black, gay struggles (2004). - Coretta Scott King Links Gay Rights and African-American Civil Rights (2003). - BLACKLASH?  All prejudices are not equal. But that doesn't mean there's no comparison between the predicaments of gays and blacks (1997, Alternate Link) - The truth about Blacks and Gays (2001). - Black Like Me (1997). - Black Like You. - Sex, Lies and Magazines (2001): "...many African Americans are unwilling to acknowledge homosexuality in their communities, and many black males, even those who sometimes engage in homosexual sex.." - Great HIV/AIDS Risk: Young Black Men Having Sex with Men (2002). - Bisexuality and Lesbianism in Black Culture N/A. - “Black, Gay & Christian: An Inspirational Guidebook to Daily Living”.

Black Leaders Critical of Millennium Rally: No Endorsement Without Major Changes and a Democratic Process (1998). - Longtime Activist Cleo Manago Selected by Minister Farrakhan as Voice of Black "Gay" Community (2005). -  What happened at the great debate on Black homosexuality (1998). -  A diminished view of manhood: Reggie White's remarks that homosexuality is a sin reflects a widespread fear of gays in the Black community (1998). - Homosexual and Conscious: Is it possible? N/A - Off the Down Low: Black Gays and Lesbians Come Out (2002). - Beyond The Down Low (2004). - Why Are Hollywood's Black Gay Characters on the Downlow? (2009). - Homophobia in the Black Community. - Being Black, Gay and Female Can Add Up to Load of Stresses (2001). - African-American Gay Community Makes Kwanzaa Its Own (1997). - An Interrogation of the Black Presence in the Queer Project (2011): Are you Black first or are you queer? This question embodies a central conflict many African American lesbians, bisexuals, and gays (lesbigays) experience in dealing with two identities that are often at odds with each other. The answer to this question varies...

Brothers on the Down Low (2010): Watch out for the man on the ‘Down Low’ there might be one near you! This warning was the last phrase from an article in a well known women’s lifestyle magazine. The writer was referring to a so called ‘new’ phenomenon in the United States of men being ‘on the down low.’ This term has appeared in the last fifteen years and there are more than a handful of books and articles about it. Even health professionals are now interested in these men! So what is it about men on the ‘Down Low’ that we should all be careful about? Dr. Cheikh Traore guides us through the maze of it..

Glick SN, Golden MR (2010). Persistence of racial differences in attitudes toward homosexuality in the United States. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 55(4): 516-23. (Abstract. PDF Download): We used data from the General Social Survey to describe race-specific trends in the US population's attitude toward homosexuality, reporting of male same-sex sexual behavior, and behaviors that might mediate the relationship between stigma and HIV transmission among MSM. The proportion of blacks who indicated that homosexuality was "always wrong" was 72.3% in 2008, largely unchanged since the 1970s. In contrast, among white respondents, this figure declined from 70.8% in 1973 to 51.6% in 2008 with most change occurring since the early 1990s. Participants who knew a gay person were less likely to have negative attitudes toward homosexuality (relative risk, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.52 to 0.69). Among MSM, twice as many black MSM reported that homosexuality is "always wrong" compared with white MSM (57.1% versus 26.8%, P = 0.003).

Gays & Lesbians in African Studies (GLAS) - Asante interview: This way out International Lesbian & Gay Newsmagazine (1995). - True Confessions: A Discourse on Images of Black Male Sexuality N/A.- New Study Examines America's Black GLBT Community (2002). - Hip-Hop Homie-Sexualz. - Under the Rainbow: Racial tensionin Cincinnati's gay and lesbian community (2002). - Unmasking our struggle (2004). - The Black Gay Movement: A Progress Report by Keith Boykin N/A. - Black gay athletes: homosexuality and homoeroticism in Black sports (2003). - Will there ever be a time when black athletes on the down low can be on the up high? (2002) - Comparing the Black & Gay Athlete: Patterns in Oppression (2005 Draft, PDF Download) (Published: 2010). - A Dual Identity Crisis: Social Location and Stratification among African American Homosexual Men (2008)..

 There’s No Place like "Home": Mining the Theoretical Terrain of Black Women’s Studies, Black Queer Studies and Black Studies (2008). - Introduction to Black Queer Studies (2011). - Black Gay Research Summit. - Youse awful queer, chappie": Reading black queer vernacular in black literatures of the Americas, 1903--1967 (2005, Full Text). - African American Studies and the Invisible Black Gay Man (2005). - Minority Within A Minority: An Exploration Into The Unique Challenges Facing Black Lesbians and Gay Men. - "Breaking Secrets" in the Catalog: Proposing the Black Queer Studies Collection at the University of texas at Austin (2010). - “I Call on the Ancestors, Throw on My Music, and Do My ‘Freedom Dance’”: Lessons from Resilience Research with Black LGBTs (2010, PPT/PDF Download).

Having a Ball: "In a world where the influence of hip-hop dictates one's sense of style, speech and masculinity, many Black gay youth have a difficult time finding their way. Safe spaces where they can explore their gender and sexuality are few, far and in between, likely contributing to the extremely high prevalence of HIV and STDs among this marginalized group of young people. Hundreds, if not thousands, turn (or are pushed away) from their traditional families and are forced to fend for themselves in order to survive. Many, however, find refuge in a small community that celebrates self-expression and encourages them to explore and define who they are for themselves. Here, they are given the tools they need to create their own realities and to live fully inside of their own truths. The ball scene dates back to as early as the 1920's. The first balls were basically drag pageants, organized and thrown inside of grand ballrooms in Harlem. They were competitive in nature, with structures similar to other events in the Black cultural tradition -- such as cotillions, step shows, and carnivals.  Balls as we know them today are centered around several aesthetic categories, including Face, Body, Realness (which is often a play on Black masculinity), Fashion and Vogue (made popular by the classic Madonna hit by the same name). Cash prizes and trophies are the most common rewards. However, any ball kid (as members of this community refer to themselves) will tell you that the ultimate goal of competition is community recognition and status.

African American Lesbian And Gay History: An Exploration N/A. - 1979: "African American Gay men and Lesbians across the country were coming out, blending the new Gay political thought with their Black identity..." - Black History Month, 2003: "While February was declared Black History Month to recognize the many accomplishments and contributions of African Americans, the lives of black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) people are so often left out of the picture. From civil rights leader Bayard Rustin to community activist Mandy Carter to well renowned inventor George Washington Carver, black LGBT people have enriched our lives." - A Few Black Gay or Bisexual Men and Women Who Changed the World (2002). - Black Ink: A Closed Closet of Black History (2002). - Engineering New Pathways for Black Gays &  Lesbians (2003). - Black Lesbian Articles N/A. - America’s Undeclared War On African American Trans Women (2009).

Community definition and benefits: Perspectives from African American lesbians (2010): The study examined how African American lesbians define their own community and how community membership may benefit this population. Archival focus group data from 26 self-identified African American lesbians from Chicago were qualitatively analyzed. Given their multiple minority group identity status it was expected that strong community support would provide African American lesbians the general benefits of community membership, as well as serve as a buffer against oppression and minority stress. Results showed that participants sought communities that offered emotional and informational support, as well as a safe place from the oppression experienced within the dominant society. Results also revealed that some participants felt that there was little sense of an organized African American lesbian community. The barriers to community membership, such as stigmatization, are also discussed.

We've been redeemed from the hand of the enemy!: Do you Want to share your story of freedom? We are looking for more bold African American and Latino believers who are overcoming homosexuality through the power of Jesus Christ! If you'd like to join your voice and testimony with ours in proclaiming liberty to other homosexual captives, email for testimony guidelines. - Another Black Experience: Gay Daddy (2006): "The piers are gone now. AIDS decimated a generation, and is now hitting another hard, particularly young gay black men, who are being infected at the same epidemic rate as Africans. I asked Al if he thought more funding would help, and he sneered, "Not until the black community confronts homophobia head on. Not as long as parents throw their kids away." Al tries to redeem them, but for young gay black and Latino kids, not enough has changed." - The Relationship Between Racial and Sexual Orientation Identity Development (2009).

No Marriage Between Black Ministers and Queer Community: "A minute after midnight on Monday, May 17, was a great getting-up morning for us lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer residents in the state of Massachusetts – at 12:01 a.m., same-sex marriages became legal. But it was also a sad reminder for many African Americans in light of the fact that 50 years ago the issue of racial segregation in America's public schools was nationally shamed and ruled unconstitutional in the U.S. Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. Although these two marginalized groups have much in common in terms of their struggle for freedom, as well as in terms of celebrating their individual civil rights victories, both African-American and LGBTQ communities are not compadres in the struggle for liberation. “The gay community is pimping the civil rights movement and the history. In the view of many, it's racist at worst, cynical at best,” the Rev. Eugene Rivers, a local African-American Boston minister and president of the all-male National Ten Point Leadership Foundation , told The Boston Globe. While Rivers is known to take black nationalist and Afrocentric points of view in dealing with all issues of race, the Rev. Jesse Jackson, president of the Rainbow Coalition , is a more moderate voice. And while Jackson adamantly feels that LGBTQ people deserve equal protection under the law and that the Constitution should not be amended to ban same-sex marriage, Jackson does, however, think the comparison between gay rights and the black civil rights struggle is “a stretch,” as he mentioned at a talk in March at Harvard Law School. “Gays were never called three-fifths human in the Constitution.” Jackson told his audience. To get African-American male ministers, in particular, to think outside of their narrowly constructed boxes about race is an arduous task. And much of the reason is because of the persistent nature of racism in the lives of black people and the little gains accomplished supposedly on behalf of racial equality..."

Black Supporters of Gays Ignored (2004): "Something’s been wrong with the picture of gay America: It’s been way too white for way too long. That distorted image has had damaging consequences: Seeing so many white faces accompanying gay stories, many heterosexual African-Americans understandably equate being gay with being white. Sensing discomfort and disapproval in their families and churches, many black gay men and lesbians stay closeted, both from those they love dearly and the media. Meanwhile, mostly white right-wing groups have effectively showcased well-known African-Americans who oppose gay equality. The result of all this? Americans are much more likely to know that Colin Powell opposed allowing gays to serve openly in the military than to know that supporters of gay marriage include such prominent African-Americans as Coretta Scott King, Congressman John Lewis, former Surgeon General Jocelyn Elders, actress Whoppi Goldberg, Democratic presidential hopefuls Al Sharpton and Carol Moseley Braun, and the Rev. William Sinkford, president of the Unitarian Universalist denomination..." - The "coming out" challenge: African American lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender professionals are trying to gain more ground in corporate America, but unchecked discrimination still exists (2009).

Gay Men of African Descent. - BlackStripe: Resources for SGL/LGBT People of African Descent. - Articles: Same Gender Loving, Bi and Transgendered People of the African Diaspora. - GLB Black/Latino Information magazines (Chicago).  - Articles by Cleo Manago. - Sistah Scape Online: A Web Magazine for Lesbian Women of Color. - BlackLight Online. - SBC: The magazine for the Africentric homosexual and their friends. -  Black Lesbians Raising Children: A Tribute To The Lesbian Step Moms. When you're a mommy no more, it can be a lonely time. - Black Gays: The Politics and Perils of Assimilation N/A. - Black Gay Identity and the Poetry of Essex Hemphill (1999). - PUNKS writer, director and producer PATRIK-IAN POLK has begun production on a new series entitled NOAH'S ARC: "Described as Sex and the City meets Queer As Folk and together crashing into Soul Food, NOAH'S ARC is a cool, hip, fresh and fun peak into the lives of four black gay men living in Los Angeles. With this latest project, Polk is out to set the record straight (so to speak) that not all gay people are white." 

Research on Lesbian and Gay Populations Within the African American Community: What Have We Learned? (2004, PDF Download) - Sable Magazine (For today's Lesbian of Color): "I cannot count the number of women I have met who have succumbed to alcoholism and/or drug abuse as a result of self-hate and from the overwhelming hate inflicted upon them for being different, for being lesbian, bisexual, or even curious. This self-hate, if left unchecked, can and will do great harm to our bodies, and present us as willing participants to opportunistic diseases." - GFB Magazine: For Gay Black Females Worldwide. - Sistahs for Sistahs: A meeting place for lesbians of color. - Fo' brothas:  Empowerment e-zine for the black, gay, same gender-loving man. - The strange truth behind hip-hop homophobia (2008).

QUEER AS [WHITE] FOLK or “Queer Ass Folk”: Take Your Pick (2001, Must Scroll): "Gays are flocking to the show with abandon, and from the comments I’ve seen and heard, it’s often to grab hold of any scrappings that they can relate to, especially if they are gays and bisexuals of color, who are as invisible on the show as they are within the 'queer rainbow.' Of course, that’s about the only aspect of gay life that QUEER AS FOLK completely and accurately reflects." - Queer as white folk (2002). - Young, Black, Gifted & Gay (2001). - African American Lesbian and Bisexual Women (2000). -  Fear of a Black Lesbian Planet. 

Black Gay and Lesbian Writing Comes Out in the '90s by Reginald Harris. - Invisible, Black & Gay: When Gay Is The Part That Doesn’t Show (2002): (Alternate Link) "I hate being invisible. Being both Black and gay, I haven’t developed the courage to fight on two battlefields. So I’ve chosen one by default; the obvious one, the easy one, the Black one. - The price of hiding in the shadows: Black & Gay in America (2009). - Snapshots: Black and Queer: Snapshots along the path of growing in self-understanding for queer and black persons. Results of interviews with queer and black are presented as a reader's theater performance of descriptions with parallel themes. - Cultural Negotiations in African American Homosexual Male Identity:  Measures of Existence at a Predominately White Institution (2001).

And the Choir Sings On: Special Report - "From small rural churches to center city arenas, voices rise in a joyful noise for the Lord. But AIDS has cast a pall of silence over the black gospel music community." - Black Church History Comes Out The Closet. - Black clergy gathering to fight gay matrimony (2004). - Black Churches and Gay Marriage (2004, PBS). - Prop 8 and the Black Community (2010): Many blacks are using arguments against same-sex marriage that were used to discriminate against us, says one retired African-American minister.. - Standing Up to the Black Church. - Same Gender—Loving Family, And Brother Outsider: The Life Of Bayard Rustin (2003). - African-American rejection of gays and lesbians antithetical to black liberation theology (2007). - Gay Ignorance in African American Churches: For many Black Americans, Church haven has become hellish (2010). - How can I be African American, a woman and lesbian at church? - Poison Pews: African-American leaders talk about homophobia in the black church (2009). - "Killing the Messenger": Religious Black Gay Men’s Neutralization of Anti-Gay Religious Messages (2010).

The Color of Being Gay: Part 1 - The Black Church and the effect that it has on the African American gay community (2005): "The Black Church throughout socio-political history has always been a “home-base” not only for spiritual salvation but has also served as a medium to plan rebellions against a racist majority and most importantly to offer empowerment. Ironically, while the Black Church started in an effort to solidify Black people as an identifiable group against hate and oppression, today the Black Church has morphed, in some respects, into the complete opposite. Today, it is an institution that often preaches hate against its own people; no longer providing empowerment and solidarity, but instead separatist elitism and disempowerment. Moreover, it has grown into an institution that is conspicuously stagnant and not responding to the issues that affect its people; not only economically, but socially and sexually as well... The Black Church is an institution with enumerable paradoxes. It provides salvation, hope, and faith for many of its followers while it preaches the complete opposite to others... If we as Blacks cannot accept our own, how do we expect the rest of the world to?  Being Gay and the efforts for GLBT rights will always stay White and be lead by Whites if Black gays remain afraid to take the bull by the horns because of their rejection in their own communites."

The Color of Being Gay: Part II - Sexual and Racial Politics (2005): "Lesbians, both Black and White, were excluded from the Women’s Movement because of fear that their involvement would somehow diminish the cause. In other words, including a double minority, both lesbian and female, would somehow impede civil rights and equality for women. In the same respect the same instance happened with the Gay and Civil Rights Movements. Whites in the Gay Rights Movement did not want ‘Black inclusion’ and Blacks in the Civil Rights Movement did not want ‘Gay inclusion’. This posed problematic for many Black Gays and Lesbians because they were forced to choose an identity. For many, they chose their race over their sexuality and it was this play on racial and sexual politics that proved to be a defining force in how gay stayed White, and has been White ever since... How could Black lesbians and gays have time to juggle being both gay and black? They could not; they had no choice.  There was no place for gay Black in the White Gay Agenda and there was no place for them in the Black Civil Rights Agenda without choosing an identity.  This exclusion and sense of un-belonging caused an ingrained invisibleness of Black gays and lesbians in societal institutions past and present." .

Has the Black Church Failed the Same Gender Loving Community? - Black clergy rejection stirs gay marriage backers (2004). - Highly personal: Gay marriage is not a threat to Black America (2006). - For Some Black Pastors, Accepting Gay Members Means Losing Others (2007). - African American Roundtable: "Historically, African American churches have not dealt with human sexuality in a positive light. Our theologies are often negative about sexuality—particularly homosexuality—and this contributes to a fear of sexuality and destructive understandings of masculinity and femininity. We hope that the work of the African American Roundtable can lead to a radical transformation of thought and understanding in African American communities." - World’s largest black gay pride organization applauds Atlanta metro churches acceptance of black gay men and women (2007). - Black Church Leaders Embrace Gays – Good or Bad? - Legacy denied: African American gay men, AIDS, and the black church (2007). - Race, religion, and homosexuality: Black Protestants and homosexual acceptance (2006): Using 2004 General Social Survey data, I find that Black Protestants do have a strong level of disapproval of homosexuality and that there is an interaction between more religious Black Protestants and their disapproval of homosexuality.

DON’T SHOOT! I’m Coming Out, by Benn Setfrey: "the best book yet written about Black same-gender-loving men. The subtitle—How to “Man-Up” & Set Heterosexuals “Straight”—is an attention-grabber. The cross, in the cover photo held by the author, is big enough to turn homophobic preachers to ashes. The attitude of this new Page Turner Publishing book of non-fiction is bold. Ever since Stonewall you knew the day would come when a strong, Afrocentric, self-respecting and passionately intellectual man would attack the hypocrisy of Black community homophobia with shock and awe. That day is here. This book both challenges the status quo and serves as a how-to guide for Black same-gender-loving men to go from invisible to invincible." - 'Strange Fruit' to be performed at Purdue N/A (Related): " "Strange Fruit," an autobiographical meditation on one man's exploration of his racial, gender and sexual identity... The youngest of seven children in a single-parent household, Johnson will reveal how his mother "gendered" him by dressing him in wigs and feminine clothing as a young child. He also will relate how his mother now refuses to acknowledge his gayness and how people reacted to his sexual identity at Amherst College, where he taught for several years. Johnson also will discuss the politics of "hair" as it relates to sexuality and race. He will share how he transformed into the "threatening black man" when he shaved his head for the first time. Other topics include homosexuality and the black church, spirituality in gay nightclubs, a critique of Black Nationalism and gender and sexual issues in Ghana, Africa...."

HIV Among African Americans (2010)  - HIV/AIDS in the African-American Community (2007).  - Op-Ed: "State of Emergency" on HIV/AIDS in the African American Community (1999). - GMAD: "As New York City's premier organization serving Gay Men of African Descent (GMAD), our core mission is to empower gay men of African descent through education, advocacy, health and wellness promotion, and social support." - Declaring An HIV/AIDS State of Emergency In The African American Community In Georgia (2006). - Black, Gay, At-Risk: Homophobia, Racism, and Rejection Fuel Rising Infections (2000). - Black Gay Men And AIDS (2003). - Homophobia causes AIDS: Study fingers anti-gay sentiment as a major factor in HIV’s spread among black men (2006). - Black gay leaders express discontent with HIV efforts (2005): Activists demand action from health agency during Atlanta meeting. - The Great Down-Low Debate (2001). - Homophobic lyrics in reggae music, a health issue for black gay men (2004). - Primetime Reports the HIV Epidemic Among Blacks … A Decade Too Late (2006). - The Gay Men's Initiative: Breaking the Link Between HIV and Black Gay and Bisexual Men (2005). - National Black Gay Men's Advocacy Coalition's New Focus: New Media (2011). - Rethinking HIV Risk for Black Men Who Have Sex with Men (Video Presentations). - Black gay men are least desired sexual partners claims study authors (2009).

Husbands W, et al. (2009). MaBwana: Health, Community and Vulnerability to HIV among African, Caribbean and Black Gay and Bisexual Men in Toronto. Toronto, Ontario: The African and Caribbean Council on HIV/AIDS in Ontario (ACCHO) and the AIDS Committee of Toronto. PDF Download. Related PPT Presentation. Follow-up event (2010): Ontario Black Gay Men's Summit--Cultures of Sexuality and Black Men's Health. - Related: Shimeles H, et al (2010). African, Caribbean and Black Communities in Canada: A Knowledge Synthesis Paper for the CIHR Social Research Centre in HIV Prevention. Toronto, Ontario: The Social Research Centre in HIV Prevention. PDF Download.  Related: Norsah K (2010). Keep It Alive: Social Policies and Programs for African Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in Toronto, Ontario. <pmtreal: Mcill University, School of Social Work. PDF Download.

Rickey Williams (2006):  Rickey committed suicide. He jumped off the Golden Gate Bridge and plunged 220 feet to his death. He was 28 years old... Rickey understood the tragedy of black men who were and are dying in our communities. Just last summer, after visiting New York for the Black Gay Research Summit and the annual Pride In The City weekend, he signed onto an open letter to black gay men asking them, us to do something, anything about the AIDS epidemic in our midst. Forty-six percent of black men who have sex with men in some cities may be HIV positive. But who gives a damn, the letter asked...  From Comments: "My first boyfriend committed suicide and thats such an awful feeling to be that close to someone and not know the turmoil inside." ...

Black people kill themselves too. - Black men, -- black gay men, - black bisexual men, - black same-gender-loving men, - black SGL men, -- black queer men, - black down low men, - black 'I just mess around' men, - black questioning men, -- black married men who fuck around, - black men with HIV, STDs and AIDS, - black men who are HIV positive, - black men who are HIV negative, -- black men who have sex with men, - black MSMs, - black openly gay men, - black closeted men, -- black gay men who put the "black" in front of gay, - gay black men who put the "gay" in front of black, - Black gay men who capitalize the "B" and lowercase the g,- and Gay black men who capitalize the "G" and lowercase the b. -- It doesn't matter what we call ourselves, we all need love. I know too many black men who are depressed and lonely, too many black men who have contemplated killing themselves, and too many black men who have actually attempted suicide. It's not easy being a black man. It's not easy being a black man who loves black men.

Alexander, William H (2004). Homosexual and Racial Identity Conflicts and Depression Among African-American Gay Males. Trotter Review, 16(1): Article 8. PDF Download.  What does it mean to be male, Black and homosexual in the United States? In this study of 191 such men, William H. Alexander examines whether racial identity conflict and homosexual identity conflict contribute to depression in Black gay men. Alexander reports that being Black, a Black male, and a homosexual puts one in a vulnerable position that requires that he cope with a variety of stereotypes from every society with which he interacts. This pressure contributes to depression in this population...

Largest-Ever Study Examines Priorities and Demographics of Black Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender People (2002): "A national, multi-city study of Black gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people released today documents a significant prevalence of parenting, high levels of political participation, and widespread experiences of racism and homophobia. 'Say It Loud: I'm Black and I'm Proud' is a collaboration among nine Black GLBT Pride organizations, a team of Black researchers, and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force..." (Related Information from The Task Force). - Black Gay Marriage Push: Gay and lesbian activists gather to reach out to African Americans N/A. - Is Gay Marriage Anti-Black??? (2004)  - At a crossroads on gay unions (2003). - Is The Black, Gay Man Really Ready For Marriage? (2003) - African-American Gay Couples Slow to Say 'I Do' (2008). - Dreaming of a City: The quest for "Mecca". 

A New Look at Homophobia and Heterosexism in Canada (2003): The African-Canadian and Caribbean-Canadian Experience. Table of Contents. Full Text: PDF Download. - The Devotion Series (2006): Uncovering Our Losses - devoted to eight Black people who were Same Gender Loving, and who were murdered in the streets of our communities. - A young man (26 years of age) that I didn't know very well, but knew well enough, ended his life today. He committed suicide during this holiday season. As very sad as I am, I'm not surprised because this wan't the first time he had tried - it's just the first time he succeeded. Of course, you only need to succeed once. He, like myself, was HIV+ but his case was different. He had very little money, few friends and even fewer support systems he felt comfortable with to bolster his fragile existence...- Another African American Gay Male Commits Suicide (2010).  - Depression and Gay Black Men, Silence in the Hood (2010).- Stories from Black Gay Men about their Depression.

As Gay as it was Black' exhibit re-examines the Harlem Renaissance (2010, Related). - A Spectacle in Color: The Lesbian and Gay Subculture of Jazz Age Harlem (1997). - glbtq: The Harlem Renaissance. - ‘Poet on Poet’: Countee Cullen and Langston Hughes (2007). - The Harlem Renaissance: What and when was the Harlem Renaissance? - Hidden History: Hidden History: Alain Locke is the Key (Part II) (2008). - "Homo Harlem" to celebrate gay African-American trailblazers (2009). - Black lesbian gender and sexual culture: celebration and resistance (2009). - Harlem Gay Pride Festivities for 2010. - “The White Queens Got Scared!”: The Making of an African American Gay Nightlife in Bronzeville (1935-1965).

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Black Images). - Isaac Julien Receives the 2002 Frameline Award (2002). - Isaac Julien and Beyond: Black Queer Cinema at the 26th San Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival (2002). - Sisters in the Life Film Series. - Isaac Julien: British Filmaker. - Black (Queer) Like Me - by Brian Freeman, Pomo Afro Homos (2001). - The Color of Sex: Queer People of Color on Film (2000). - Sisters in Cinema - African American Lesbian Produced Film, Video, and Multimedia Resource List.  - The Pan African Film Festival has always given a voice to gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender filmmakers and this year is no different (2004). - Tongues Untied (2001). - Empowerment and Gay/Black Viewership in Tongues Untied. - Black lesbians and the movies (1997). - The Right Time: Lesbianism in Middle-Class Black Movies (2002). - First Black Gay Series to Premiere in Hollywood (2004).  - Oakland Black Film Festival. -  The Right Time: Lesbian and Bisexual Characters  in Black Movies (2002). - Breakthrough Black and Latino Roles on the Big Screen (2007). - One–Man Show Tells Gay African American Southerners’ Stories (2011). - Queer Black Cinema. - Lesbianism on African-American TV Shows (2003). - African American Lesbian Produced Films. - Film List: Same Gender Loving (SGL) people of African descent. - Black Womyn: Conversations with Lesbians of African Descent (Video: Tiona Mcclodden, Director).

Gay African-American becomes first to garner Oscar nomination (2010). - Alvin Ailey Gay African American Dance Pioneer. - Dancer Judith Jamison Interview Alvin Ailey Dance Company (Video). - Gay Black Men Talk (2007, Video).

African American Lesbian Produced Film, Video, and Multimedia. - Black Lesbians in Film (Amazon).

Resources: - Gayscape's African-American Resources. - Resources for SGL/LGBT People of African Descent. - Pridelink.com's African-American Links. - Gay Men of African Descent. - ITLA: Atlanta. - Sisters In The Life. - Women In The Life. - KeithBoykin.com. - Google Directory. - Zuna Institute - National Advocacy Organization for Black Lesbians. - African Ancestral Lesbians United for Societal Change, Inc.  Formerly Salsa Soul Sisters, Third World Women, Inc N/A. - Love Thy Brotha. - MAMAROOTS: AJAMA-JEBI SISTAHOOD. - Black Gay Men at Midlife project. - National Association of Black and White Men Together. - Gay Black Men. - Black GAY Gossip. - People of African Descent (PAD) website of Metropolitan Community Churches. - BlackLight Online. Zami Links. - Zuna Institute. - S.H.E. Circle - A wellness community by and for African American lesbian and bisexual women. - Best books by Gays & Lesbians of Color (Amazon). - African American Lesbian and Gay Associations (2009). - The DC GLBT African American Community. - Global Online Magazine for Gay Black Professional Men. - Top 9 Top Websites and Organizations for Black Lesbians. - African Rainbow / Arc-En-Ciel d'Afrique. - Nubian Knights Network.

TerryHowcott.com: Broad & Black - A movement for "our folk" in our lifetime - revolutionary fairness - perfecting justice - manifest love for the people. 

African-American Literature: Gay Male. - E. Lynn Harris, best-selling black gay author. - Saint's Progeny: Assotto Saint, Gay Black Poets, and Poetic Agency in the Field of the Queer Symbolic - Critical Essay.

Abstracts: - African-American Lesbian Identity Management and Identity Development in the Context of Family and Community (2011). - “Still Looking for My Jonathan”: Gay Black Men's Management of Religious and Sexual Identity Conflicts (2010). -  Between the Two: Bisexual Identity Among African Americans (2009). - Experiences Regarding Coming Out to Parents Among African American, Hispanic, and White Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Adolescents (2009). - African-American Transgender Youth (2009). - Examining the relationship between multiple internalized oppressions and African American lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning persons' self-esteem and psychological distress (2009). - On the Horns of a Dilemma: Institutional Dimensions of the Sexual Career in a Sample of Middle-Class, Urban, Black, Gay Men (2007). - African American lesbian sexual culture: Exploring components and contradictions (2005). - Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique (2004). - Strategies for Managing Heterosexism Used among African American Gay and Bisexual Men (2002).

Book Review: Color, Sex, & Poetry: African American Lesbian Poet and Writer Angelina Weld Grimke Will never be forgotten .

Bibliographies: - An Anthology of Fiction by Gay Men of African Descent. - LGBT of African Descent Booklist. - Books on the African-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Experience (to 1994). - Black Ink: A Closed Closet of Black History. - Book Reviews at Blacklight Online. - Audre Lorde Bibliography.  - Books & Internet Resources. - African-American queers for dummies? - Books by Black Gay Authors. - African-American Literature: Gay Male. - African-American Literature: Lesbian.  - Sistahs on the Shelf: the website dedicated to Black lesbian fiction. - Bibliography: Constructing the Black Masculine Identity. - Black American Feminisms Bibliography: The Arts and Humanities. - Black Queer Studies Collection. - African American Lesbians: A Selective Review of the Literature (2010) 

Books: - Are We Not Men? Masculine Anxiety and the Problem of African-American Identity - 1996 - by Phillip Brian Harper (Google Books) (Review). - One of the Children Gay Black Men in Harlem - 1995 - William G. Hawkeswood edited by Alex W. Costley (Google Books). - Gay Voices of the Harlem Renaissance - 2003 - by A. B. Christa Schwarz (Google Books). - Gay Rebel of the Harlem Renaissance: Selections from the Work of Richard Bruce Nugent - 2002 - by Bruce Nugent, Thomas H. Wirth, Richard Bruce Nugent (Google Books) (Review). - One More River to Cross: Black and Gay in America - 1998 - by Keith Boykin (Review). - Black Queer Studies: A Critical Anthology - 2005 - edited by E. Patrick Johnson and Mae G. Henderson (Description & Content). - Freedom in This Village: Twenty-Five Years of Black Gay Men’s Writing: 1979 to the Present - 2004 - edited by E. Lynn Harris (Google Books). - Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique - 2003 - by Roderick A. Ferguson (Google Books). - Black Los Angeles: American Dreams and Racial Realities - 2010 - edited by Ana-Christina Ramon, Darnell Hunt (Google Books) (Review). - Queer in Black and White: Interraciality, Same Sex Desire, and Contemporary African American Culture - 2009 - by Stefanie K. Dunning (Google Books). 

Books: - HONEY, HONEY, MISS THANG: Being Black, Gay, and on the Streets - 1996 - by Leon Pettiway (Google Books) (Review) - Fighting Words: Personal Essays By Black Gay Men - 1999 - edited by Charles Michael Smith. - On the Down Low: A Journey Into the Lives of 'Straight' Black Men Who Sleep with Men - 2004 - by J.L. King (Google Books) (Review). - The Secret Epidemic: The Story of AIDS and Black America - 2004 - by Jacob Levenson (Google Books). - A House Is Not a Home: A B-Boy Blues Novel - 2005 - by James Earl Hardy. Amazon. - Sweet Tea: Black Gay Men of the South - 2008 - by E. Patrick Johnson (Google Books) (Review) (Review) (Review). A Conversation with E. Patrick Johnson, author of Sweet Tea: Black Gay Men of the South: PDF. - Black Sexualities: Probing Powers, Passions, Practices, and Policies - 2009 - edited by  Juan Battle, Sandra L. Barnes (Google Books). - Claude McKay, Code Name Sasha: Queer Black Marxism and the Harlem Renaissance - 2007 - by Gary Edward Holcomb. - Queer Pollen: White Seduction, Black Male Homosexuality, and the Cinematic - 2011 - by David A. Gerstner (Google Books). - Beautiful Bottom, Beautiful Shame: Where "Black" Meets "Queer" - 2006 - Kathryn Bond Stockton.

Books: - A Whosoever Church: Welcoming Lesbians and Gay Men into African American Congregations - 2001 - by Gary David Comstock (Google Books). - The Boundaries of Blackness: AIDS and the Breakdown of Black Politics - 1999 - by Cathy J. Cohen (Google Books) (Review) (Excerpt). - The Greatest Taboo: Homosexuality in Black Communities - 2001 - by Delroy Constantine-Simms (Excerpt) (Interview with author) (An Interview with Delroy Constantine-Simms) (Review: Black Gay / Gay Black) (Review) (Review). - Dangerous Liaisons: Blacks, Gays, and the Struggle for Equality - 1999 - edited by Eric Brandt, Kendall Thomas. - Anger is What I Do Best: The Journal of a Black Gay Man in America - 1999 - by Roger T. Ward. - Their Own Receive Them Not: African American Lesbians And Gays in Black Churches - 2006 - Horace L. Griffin (Review) (Review) (Review). - The Road Before Us: 100 Gay Black Poets - 1991 - edited by Assoto Saint. - Voices Rising: Celebrating 20 Years of Black Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Writing (Other Countries) - 2007 - by G. Winston James and Other Countries (Review).

Books: - Lesbians Talk: Making Black Waves - 1993 - by Valerie Mason-John and Ann Khambatta (Review) (Amazon). - Black Gay Man: Essays - 2001 - by Robert F. Reid-Pharr, Samuel R. Delany (Google Books). - Does Your Mama Know? An Anthology of Black Lesbian Coming Out Stories - 1998 - edited by Lisa C. Moore. - Bayard Rustin: Troubles I've Seen - 1997 - by Jervis Anderson (Abstract) (Amazon) (Review). - Zami: A New Spelling of My Name - 1982 - by Audre Lorde (Review) (Amazon). - Invisible Life - 1994 - by E. Lynn Harris (Google Books).. - Talking Black: Lesbians of African and Asian Descent Speak Out - 1995 - edited by Valerie Mason-John. - Speaking in Whispers: Lesbian African-American Erotica - 1996 - by Kathleen E. Morris. - One of the Children: Gay Black Men in Harlem - 1996 - by William Hawkeswood (Full Text) (Google Books). - DON'T SHOOT! I'm Coming Out: How to "Man-Up" and Set Heterosexuals "Straight" - 2006 - by Benn Setfrey (Review) (Review).

Books: - Black Like Us: A Century of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual African American Fiction - 2002 - edited by Devon W. Carbado, Dwight A. McBride, Donald Weise  (Review) (Review) (Review). - Black Like Us: A Century of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual African American Fiction - 2011 - edited by Don Weise, Devon W. Carbado, Dwight McBride. - Afrekete : An Anthology of Black Lesbian Writing - 1995 - edited by Catherine E. McKinley, L. Joyce Delaney, Joyce DeLaney. - Go the Way Your Blood Beats : An Anthology of Lesbian and Gay Fiction by African-American Writers edited by Shawn Stewart Ruff  & E. Lynn Harris. - Ma-Ka Diasporic Juks: Contemporary Writing by Queers of African Descent - 1998 - edited by Debbie Douglas, Courtnay McFarlane, Makeda Silvera, Douglas Stewart (Review). - Spirited: Affirming the Soul and Black Gay/Lesbian Identity - 2006 - edited by G. Winston James & Lisa C. Moore (Amazon) (Review). - The Church Has AIDS: Essays on Sexuality, Sexual Orientation, Taboos, and the Black Church - 2010 - by Gerald Palmer (Book Preview). 

To Second Part.

Search Engines & Directories: - Google.com. - Google Scholar. - MSN Search.- Proteus Search. - Wikipedia Listing of Search Engines. - All GLBT Resource Directories. - Google's GLBT Directory. - Yahoo's Directory. - DMOZ: Open Directory. - BGLAD. - Wikipedia. - GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture.

Directories for Open Access Resources: - The Directory of  Open-Access Journals. - Registry of Open Access Repositories (ROAR). - Yahoo Theses Access Directory. - Google Directory: Free Access Online Archives.

Open Access Collections From Multiple Sources: - Australian Research Online. - hal: articles en ligne (French / English Version). - Archive Ouverte INRIA. - Hispana. Directorio y recolector de recursos digitales. - Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal.  - Pacific Rim Library. - OAIster: a union catalog of available digital resources. - OpenPDF.com. - OpenJ-Gate: Open Access. -  findarticles.com: many free full text articles and papers. - Scribd.com. 

Search for Free Papers / Book Reviews: - All Papers are free at BioMed Cental (Open Access) & PubMed Central. - HighWire Press (Numerous Free Papers).  eScholarship Repository:  University of California, e-books, journals and peer-reviewed documents. - DSpace Eprints: Australian National University. - DSpace@MIT. - Virginia Tech: Digital Library / Archives. - eScholarship: U of California. - University of Southampton CiteBase. - Eprints: University of Nottingham. - T-Space at The University of Toronto Libraries.  - NTUR, National Taiwan University. - Allacademic: Some free papers to either read online or download as PDFs. -  UNESCO: Articles, Report, Dissertations, Films, etc. - Kyoto University Research Information Repository. - Doctoral dissertations and other publications from the University of Helsinki. - E-LIS: eprints in Library & Information Services. - CogPrints: eprints. - RePEc: Research Papers in Economics. - DiVa: Scandinavian University Documents. - The International Gay & Lesbian Review (IGLR): Book Reviews & Abstracts. - InterAlia, a peer-edited scholarly journal for queer theory. 

Search for Free Articles, Papers or Reports:  FindArticles.com - The Free Library. - France Queer Resources Directory. - Séminaire gai. - The QRD. - GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Human Rights Campaign. - IGLHRC: The International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission. - ILGA: The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association. - ILGA-Europe: International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association of Europe. - Magnus Hirschfeld Archive for Sexology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. - Kinsey Institute Staff Publications. - Sexual Policy Watch Working Papers. -  NAZ Foundation International: Primary aim is to improve the sexual health and human rights of marginalised males who have sex with males, their partners and families in South Asia and elsewhere.  The World Health Orgazization. - The Body: The complete HIV/AIDS Resource. - POZ Magazine: Archive dates back to 1994.

Search for Papers, with Abstract Available (Some May Be Free): The National Library of Medicine (Free papera are highlighted). Abstracts from searches are available at: ERIC: The Education Resources Information Center (Many Free Documents). - Informaworld. - Oxford Journals (Some Open Access Content). - Springer Journals (Some Open Access Content). - ScienceDirect Journals. - University of California Press Journals on Caliber. - IngentaConnect. - Project Muse. - JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Wiley Interscience. - Cambridge Journals Online: Follow Link. - Sage Journals. - Palgrave Macmillan Journals. - Emerald E-journals. - University of Chicago Journals. - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Journals. - HeinOnline (Access Free Content, Law Papers). - SSRN: Social Science Research Network.

Search for Free Theses / Dissertations, May Include Papers: Library & Archives Canada, Electronic Free Theses Download. - Virginia Tech: Electronic Theses and Dissertations. - DSpace@MIT. - Electronic Theses & Dissertations BYU. - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD) Center & Worldwide ETD Index. - Australasian Digital Theses Program (Abstracts Given & Free Downloads). - Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Abstracts). - PQDTOpen Dissertations (Abstracts & Free Downloads: ProQuest). DART-Europe: Free Access to European Doctoral Theses. - The British Library's EThOS service (British Doctoral Theses Abstracts). - DORAS: Free Theses,  Ireland. - TEL (thèses-en-ligne). - DiVa: Scandinavian Theses / Other Documents. - BORA: Open Archive, University of Bergen, Norway.  - Doctoral dissertations and other publications from the University of Helsinki. - LUP: Lund University Publications. - National Cheng Kung University Institutional Repository. - HKU Scholars Hub. - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertacoes (BDTD), Brazil. - OAIster: a union catalog of available digital resources. Free papers also available - OpenThesis.org.

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