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A GLBTQ EDUCATION INTERNET RESOURCES Race / Ethnic Minority Issues North America, Europe & Australia/New Zealand Site of the Month (Jan. 2000): Crosspoint Anti Racism

Index: - Race/Ethnic Minority Issues: U.S., Canada, Europe,  New Zealand & Australia -  - Latin America / Africa -  - Middle East / Asia -  - Homosexuality:  Biological  or  Learned ? -  -  Public School Issues -  - Transgender / Tranvestite / Transsexual -  - Lesbian  &  Bisexual Women -  - Homo-Negativity / Phobia -  - Identity Formation  &  Coming Out -  - Counseling  &  Therapy -  - Professional Education  -  - Bisexuality -  - Religion   &  Spirituality -  - Male  Youth Prostitution -  - HIV-AIDS -  - Gay & Bisexual Male Suicide Problems -  - Drug / Alcohol Use / Abuse / Addiction  -  - GLBT History - - Community Attributes  &  Problems -  -  Couples / Families / Children / Adoption / Spousal Violence -  - The Elderly

Race / Ethnic Minority Issues in North America,  Europe & Australia / New Zealand

Part 1 (This Page): - Aboriginal People in Canada & United States: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books. / Australia. -- Latin-American / -Canadian: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books. -- African-American / -Canadian: - Web Resources & Bibliographies - Books.

Part 2: Asian-American / Canadian (Chinese - Korean  - Japanese - South Asian - Vietnamese -- General Asian Resources: Web Resources - Bibliographies. - Books. -- American, Canadians & Europeans of Middle East Origins: Web Resources - Books. -- General Resources for Peope of Color, including Racism Issues. - Books. -- Full Text Papers.
 

A Collation of Information related to racism issues: "Racism in Predominantly White Gay and Lesbian Communities"

ABORIGINAL PEOPLE

Note: The North American Aboriginal  Resources are now greatly expanded and they are located at a new web site.: Aboriginal / American Indian / First Nations Two Spirit Information Pages and Suicide Issues.

UNITED STATES & CANADA - What are Two-Spirits/Berdaches? - 'Two spirit' people greatly respected. - Two-Spirits Rising Historically, Native American Tribes Thought Gays Were Great! - Two-Spirit Peoples. - Two-spirited people. - Two spirited. - Two-Spirit. - A place of honour: Two-Spirited people in our communities (Metis Voyageur magazine index) - Sex and Spirit: Native American Lesbian Identity. - ! - "--and we are still here": from berdache to two-spirit people. - Teach Them the Moral Way of Living: The Meeting of Huron Sexuality and European Religion. - Sacred Circles A Group For Two Spirit Native Americans and Their Companions. - Talking Circle brings 'two-spirited' Native Americans together. - GLBTQ: Indigenous Cultures. - The traditional concept of Two-Spirited people: A First Nations perspective. - Two Spirits in different traditions. - Gay Native Americans Rediscover 'Two-Spirit' Identity. 

Making the American berdache: Choice or constraint? Journal of Social History, Spring, 2002, by Richard C. Trexler.- Homosexuality: Two-Spirit People. - The two-spirit tradition in Native American experience. - Two Spirited People of the First Nations. - Berdache Origin Myth. - What's the problem with 'Berdache'? - The Berdache Tradition. - The Berdaches. - Berdaches. - Berdaches ... and Assumptions About Berdaches. - The Berdache Spirit by Wendy Susan Parker. (Alternate Link) -  Same-Sex Marriages with Berdaches. - Appropriate Terms. - What's the problem with 'Berdache'? - Two-spirited history. - We'wha (1849-1896). - We-wha of Zuni. - Zuni Berdache. - The 'berdache'/'two-spirit': a comparison of anthropological and native constructions of gendered identities among the Northern Athapaskans.

Native American Berdache as Mediator: Towards a Culturally Specific Understanding. - The Berdache of Early American Conquest. - Culture taboos has made the discovery of the Illinois berdache a extraordinary encounter. - Le Berdache 20 ans après: Colloque et exposition, Université du Québec à Montréal 13 novembre 1999. - A PowerPoint Presentation on "Berdaches/Two Spirits". - Learning about "Two-Spirited People" in the American Indians Studies Library. - Native American Berdache: Two Spirit People: Gender Does Not Determine Sexuality. - Archetypes.

Transgendered Native Americans. - The Crying Game: Despite a celebrated history, Native American transgenders struggle in the modern world. - The Berdache: Transgenderism Among Native-Americans. - Native Americans saw no threat in gender variance, They accepted it as a blessing and an honor for the tribe and the individual. - Welcome, To A WebSite About An "Other" - A Berdache's Odyssey. -  Two Spirit: The third gender in Lakota and Native American Cultures. - A Native American Perspective on the Theory of Gender Continuum. - Winyanktehca: Two-souls person. - Narcissism is not a dirty word - or the spiritual aspects of transsexualism. - The Hyper-male/Hyper-female And The Warrior Society. - How to become a berdache: toward a unified analysis of gender diversity. (Related Information) - The "berdache": Multiple Genders & Other Myths. - Two Spirited. - How We Find Ourselves: Identity Development and Two-Spirit People - by Alex Wilson (Harvard Educational Review, 66:3, 1996). - Sex and Spirit: Native American Lesbian Identity.

Chapter 17: Native American Societies in An Online Guide to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Trans* History. - Berdache or Trickster? A Reflection on Homosexuality, Myth and Culture: Proceedings of the international scientific conference «Homosexuality, Which Homosexuality?».  - Moon: "If a man were blessed by Moon, he would have to become a berdache. If he were to refuse Moon's blessing, he would surely die." - DreamCults: The Sources of Power and Vitality. - What your dreams make you. - The Plains Cree - Religion and Ceremonialism - The Supernaturals. - The Trickster and the Squirrel: Western Sexuality Between Religion and Moral. - Lesbian Lovers: "The assumption of many straight friends of mine is that lesbians and gays do not have long-term relationships.   When pressed, they often paint stereotypical images of gay men in bath houses, women in prison, or, when they have run out of things to say, they continue with "these relationships are destined to fail."  Really?"

Historically, in American history the Native American has been excluded from the mainstream culture. - Who Are the Third Sex in the 20th Century? - Deconstructing Gender Dichotomies: Conceptualizing the Native American Berdache. - Native American Berdache: A Symbol of Identification and Power for Native and Non-Native Gay Men? - The Journey of Alvar Nuñez Cabeza De Vaca (1542). (Alternate Link) - Redefinition Of Gender and Sexuality in Pre-Columbian Times. - Gender, Sexuality, and Ceremony:  The Construction of a Pan-tribal Berdache Identity among Native North Americans (Thesis Abstract). - The Culture of Male Love (North America) The Two Spirit Tradition in Native American Experience. - The place of shamanism in ecofeminism. - Native American Sacred Traditions and Western Culture. - Free to be Responsible. - Cultural Theft: When claiming one's cultural identity turns into thievery. 

Two-Spirit Voices - Volume 1(1), Volume 2(2) Newsletter by NNAAPC. (Home Page) - Two-Spirit People by Michael Beauchemin, Lori Levy, and Gretchen Vogel (Video). - Films: Long Eyes of Earth - Film: Two-Spirited People. - Video: Honored by the Moon. - Native American Films at the PSU Library. - Addressing Homophobia In Relation To HIV/AIDS In Aboriginal Communities: "Conclusions: Preliminary results from the literature review reveal that there has been little or no advocacy done to protect the rights of Two Spirit people at-risk of HIV infection and living with HIV/AIDS, despite the fact that this population has experienced the brunt of the HIV epidemic in the Aboriginal population. Issues and rights related to gender and sexual orientation must be addressed by Aboriginal governments and communities as they increasingly take control of their health services and negotiate self-government agreements with Canada."

The Third Gender: "In the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, on the Pacific coast of Oaxaca, some children are born neither boys nor girls. They are muxe... In striking opposition to Mexico’s dominant mestizo culture, which is racially mixed and where machismo prevails, the population of Juchitán is predominantly Zapotec and does not condemn or reject effeminate male homosexuals. On the contrary. Here muxe (the word comes from the Zapotec adaptation of the Spanish word for woman, mujer) are generally regarded as part and parcel of society, a third element or gender, combining the assets of both the female and male, and sometimes equipped with special intellectual and artistic gifts." - EL Muxeâ: male homosexual roles among the isthmus Zapotec of southern Mexico: " With the entrance of the queer community into the political arena in North America, Europe, and elsewhere, muxeâs, too, are increasingly drawn to the political realm. The convergence of highly political Zapotec culture with the emergence of homosexual politics has led many muxeâs to become politically active and organized. Las IntrZpidas, the major queer/muxeâ organization in Juchit¦n, is outspoken in local politics regarding homosexual rights, though somewhat paradoxically it is an open supporter of the right-wing PRI party, rather than the leftist Zapotec party, COCEI, that has dominated juchiteco politics for two decades. Despite the increasing influence of the outside world on the muxeâ lifestyle, it seems unlikely that it will lose its distinctive character anytime in the near future. Neither the importation of an intimidating machismo nor the muxeâsâ involvement in broader queer movements appear to be capable of undermining the sense of pride muxeâs carry for themselves as muxeâ."

An innovative affair of cultural genocide N/A.  An Innovative Affair of Genocide (PDF Download): "Upon retrospection of life under 500 plus years of European colonialism, the exploitation of Indigenous territories, resources and life ways has achieved the goals set forth by the European invaders from 1492 to the present day. The evidence of this endeavour is painfully apparent in that if one were to visit the United States or Canada with no prior knowledge of the Indigenous pre-European historical presence on this c continent, one would never realize that things were not always all so Anglo-Saxon. This erroneously whitewashed perception is instituted by the dominant culture and nourished by its mainstream media primarily serves to blur the lines between America's moral track record and its much more preferable "freedom" fable... by Rev. Sequoyah Ade. - Extreme Prejudice: Examining Contemporary Genocide in America (Includes: An Innovative Affair of Genocide) by Rev. Sequoyah Ade - The Angryindian (Download Page: PDF Download. Author's Web Site). 

In Search of the "Berdache": Multiple Genders and Other Myths. -Genero y homosexualidad entre los Zapotecos del istmo de Tehuantepec. El caso de los muxe.- Gender in Pre-Hispanic America (PDF Download) - Metagender. (Alternate Link)

Waller MA, McAllen-Walker R (2001). One Man's Story of Being Gay and Diné (Navajo): A Study in Resiliency. In: Bernstein M & Reimann R (2001). Queer families, queer politics: Challenging culture and the state: 87-103. New York: Columbia University Press. (PDF DownloadN/A) (Web Page access for PDF Download)

CONNECTIONS between the queer and indigenous communities in Canada : a conversation. - The "Native Americans & Homosexuality" Forum. - A Native American Perspective on the Theory of Gender Continuum. (Alternate Link) - Chrystos on Queer Native America. - Europe Exported Lesbian/Gay Oppression to the Americas. - The fence. - "A Curious Double Insight": The Well of Loneliness and Native American Alternative Gender Traditions. - Without Reservations: Native American Lesbians Struggle to Find Their Way. - Bryce's Story: On Being a Transgender Native American. - Healing a generation of hard work (Must Scroll). - Two-Spirit People: A (Re)Weaving Healing from historical trauma. Celebrating our survival. Creating a warp and weft to weave our continuance.

What are American Indian/ Alaskan Natives’ (AI/AN) HIV prevention needs? - 2-Spirited People & HIV / Aids Strategy. - AIDS & Two-Spirited. - Part 2:  Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues of Concern to Aboriginal People: Issues for Everyone: Unit 14 — Two-Spirit People and Sexual Diversity. - Attitudes and Beliefs Towards HIV and AIDS Among Aboriginal Peoples Living in British Columbia: "Also, HIV/AIDS is associated with injection drug use, another reality that holds negative connotations within many Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal communities. We believe that an important first step in HIV/AIDS education is to dispel fear of the disease by building knowledge through culturally appropriate teaching. For HIV/AIDS, this includes addressing issues around homophobia and addictions. In the following study we use a multivariate logistic analysis to identify differences in attitudes and beliefs towards HIV/AIDS..." - Raven's Eye: The Aboriginal Newspaper of British Columbia & Yukon: " "The Two Spirit Gathering is created out of a need for a space where two-spirited people can feel safe, to have a community of our own," said Lafferty. "There's still a lot of homophobia out there, not only in the world at large but within our own community, so there is a real need for us to be together and share our stories." - Health Survey of Two-Spirited Native Americans.

Ontario Aboriginal HIV/AIDS Strategy: "Getting people to open up and talk about sex, homophobia and AIDS phobia are some of the biggest obstacles to dealing with this issue," says LaVerne Monette. "That, and the tendency to blame victims rather than trying to help them or giving people the information they need to keep them healthy". LaVerne is the provincial coordinator of the Ontario Aboriginal HIV/AIDS Strategy and a board member of Two-Spirited People of the First Nations. "The fears and intolerance that many Aboriginal people with HIV/AIDS experience in their communities means that many leave home and come to large communities like Toronto, Sudbury or Thunder Bay to get help or simply some understanding," says LaVerne. "Homophobia doesn?t belong to First Nations people. Before Europeans arrived, gays or two-spirited people as they are known in the Aboriginal community, were accepted and respected. The spirit of tolerance that existed was lost as foreign values were imposed on children and their families." Much of the work that goes on under the Aboriginal HIV/AIDS Strategy involves outreach and education to change biases and attitudes in the community, and providing an opportunity where people can begin to talk about it in a spirit of acceptance and openness."

Honouring and Caring for Aboriginal People and Communities in the Fight Against HIV/AIDS: " This paper provides an organizational overview of Healing Our Spirit BC First Nations AIDS Society (Healing Our Spirit), and introduces the holistic healing and Aboriginal specific service delivery model that Healing Our Spirit uses to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic. The HIV/AIDS epidemic compels many Aboriginal communities to deal with the complex issues associated with HIV/AIDS. While in the process of strengthening and regaining cultural and social systems, Aboriginal peoples also face inter-generational, interconnected, and socio-economic issues. Specifically, these issues include sexual abuse, homophobia, shame, lack of housing, lack of education, and alcohol and drug use and addiction. In large part, these are a legacy of colonization and residential schools. Healing Our Spirit has developed culturally sensitive and relevant community development strategies to address the multiple and complex challenges in the field of HIV/AIDS..."

Youth For Diversity (Winnipeg, Manitoba, October 16-19innip, 2003 - Forum Report - Word 97 Download): "This report contains the ideas, knowledge and insight that took place over a three and a half day session in Winnipeg, Manitoba.  The “Youth For Diversity” Project, aims to bring approximately 25 youth together in one arena to discuss, debate and create ideas and plans around the issue of diversity.  Half of the session was spent looking at the individual and group definitions of diversity, with sessions that included both reflective and group exercises.  Small groups were formed to further flesh out concepts around diversity—racism, ageism, sexual orientation, access to resources, etc. - to further understand the impact that diversity has had on us and those around us.  To add to these sessions, three guest speakers were invited to address the group around particular issues that are present in our communities.  The guest speaker topics ranged from the particular Aboriginal issues that urban youth face today, poverty and homelessness amongst youth, homophobia and personal experiences with racial stereotyping and discrimination..."

Urban Two-Spirited Youth Must be Empowered. - Two Spirited Peoples Forum. - Social Work and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Two-Sprited People. - Canadian Caucus for Two-Spirited and Queers of Colour, Egale Canada. - Remembering Barbara Cameron. - The tragic murder of openly gay, Two-Spirit Navajo youth Fred Martinez, Jr., has presented many challenges and opportunities to local, regional and national media covering the story.

A New Look at Homophobia and Heterosexism in Canada: The Experience Of Aboriginal Peoples. Table of Contents. Full Text: PDF Download. - Two-Spirited Youth Program. - Gay Lesbian Bisexual Two-Spirited Alberta Youth Outreach. - First Nations gay youth brings support to Smithers. Vives of Two-Spirited Men (Parts 1, 2: Word Downloads) -  The Toronto Trans and Two-Spirite Primer: An Introduction to Lower-income, Sex-working and Street-involved Transgendered, Transsexual & Two-Spirit Service Users in Toronto (by Trans Programming at the 519: PDF Download).

Directions in Gender Research in American Indian Societies: Two Spirits and Other Categories. [Medicine, B. (2002). In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes, & D. N. Sattler (Eds.)] - Walters KL, Simoni JM, Horwath PE (2001). Sexual orientation bias experiences and service needs of gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered, and two-spirited American Indians. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 13(1/2): 133-49. Journal Index. Abstract Page: PDF Download. - Darrell Joe - gay Navajo tribe member provides services for gay tribe members. - Call For Papers: Intersections of Native American Studies and Queer Studies.

University Courses: Transgender Histories, Identities, and Politics. - Antropology of Sexualities (Word Download). Introduction to Human Sexuality  (Word Download).

2SPR (Two Spirit Press Room): a GLBT Native media & cultural literacy project. During the past 2 years in the US, Native glbt people have increasingly seen public figures in front of the camera or microphone, as well as behind the scenes, attempting to weaken traditions within our wisdom cultures, our religous freedom, as well as support for programs that serve the basic well being of our communities. - Our Mission: 2SPR appeared in order to bridge the gap between cultural literacy for press and media, as well as media literacy for Indigenous GLBT communities. This project is a nexus for community building through the arts, Native voices and Women in Leadership... 2SPR has released a 40-page published report on the state of GLBT Native people and the media, August 2005.

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Native American Images). - Berdache (1997). - Two-Spirit People. - Children of the Rainbow: Two-Spirited First Nations Group Takes Major Arts Award. - Kichx Anagaat Yatx'i (Children of the Rainbow). - "The Berdache" - a play. - Other Plays by Cheryl Ann Costa. - The Work of Beth Brant. - Lambda Project tackles Two-Spirits for Upcoming Rainbow Theater Festival.

The Will Roscoe Bibliography. - Homepage. - How I Became a Queen in the Empire of Gender. - Native American healing and spirituality, wolves, the maya and aztecs, and ancient beliefs. - Dyke Psyche: Native American Two-Spirit People.

Resource Links: Listings if Two Spirit Organizations: 1, 2, 3, 4.  - Two-Spirit Society of Denver. - Oklahoma City Two-Spirit Society. -  Bay Area American Indian Two Spirits. - Minnesota Two Spirits. - Native OUT, Phoenix, AZ. - SAADAYA: A Call to Reclaim Queer Spiritual Traditions.

Resource Links: - Two Spirited People. - WhiteWolf's Den. - First Nations and Two-Spirited People. - Gay Native two spirit shaman. - Two-Spirited Native People. - The Two-Spirit Tradition. - LookSmart Resources. - Native American Transgendered Resources. - AIDS & two-Spirited.

People of Color: Native American Links. - Queer Native American Resources. - LGBT and Native American Links. - Rainbow Query.

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.

Bibliographies: - Learning about "Two-Spirited People" in the American Indians Studies Library.  - The two-spirit tradition in native American experience: Bibliography. - Books on native homosexuality. - Indigenous Literature with a Queer/LGBT/Two-Spirit Sensibility. - American Indian Gay/Lesbian Topics. - Gay & Lesbian History: North America: Pre-Modern History. 

Books: - Two-Spirit People Native American Gender Identity, Sexuality, and Spirituality - 1997- edited by Sue-Ellen Jacobs, Wesley Thomas, and Sabine Lang. (20 Sample Pages) - The Spirit and the Flesh: Sexual Diversity in American Indian Culture by Walter L. Williams (Abstract). (20 Sample Pages) (Interview with Williams) - Changing Ones: Third and Fourth Genders in Native North America - 1998 - by Will Rosco. (Review). (Abstract and Contents) - The Zuni Man-Woman - 1991 -by Will Roscoe (Review). (Alternate Link) (22 Sample Pages). - Sex and Conquest: Gendered Violence, Political Order, and the European Conquest of the Americas  - 1999 - by Richard C. Trexler: "His book is doubtless not only the best study of the American berdache, but also a significant contribution to the understanding of the development of power and authority in human society." (Publisher Reference) (Review) - Living the Spirit: A Gay American Indian Anthology - 1998 - edited by Will Roscoe. - Many Faces of Gender: Roles and Relationships Through Time in Indigenous Northern Communities (Northern Lights, Calgary, Alta.), V. 2. - 2002 - edited by Lisa Frink, Shepard Rita S., Gregory A. Reinhardt.

Books: - Two Spirit People: American Indian Lesbian Women and Gay Men - 1997 - edited by Lester B. Brown. Also published in the Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 6(2) - Abstracts: (Amazon.com Reference) - Preface: Sharing the Gift of Sacred Being. - Women and Men, Not-Men and Not-Women, Lesbians and Gays: Gender Style Alternatives. - Gender Selection in Two American tribes. - American Indian Lesbians and Gays: An Exploratory Study. - Urban Lesbian and Gay American Indian Identity: Implications for Mental Health Service Delivery. - That's What They Say: The Implications of American Indian Gay and Lesbian Literature for Social Service Workers. - Developing AIDS Services for Native Americans: Rural and Urban Contrasts. - AIDS Prevention in a Rural American Indian Population: A Collaborative Effort Between Community and Providers. - Men as Women, Women as Men: Changing Gender in Native American Cultures  - 1998 - by Sabine Lang. 

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.
 

AUSTRALIA - Gay and homosexually active Aboriginal men in Sydney. (Alternate Link) - Aboriginal Reconciliation: A statement of support from Sydney Gay & Lesbian community organizations. (Alternate Link) - For the first time, an Aboriginal float will feature in Sydney's Gay Mardi Gras parade. - Gay and homosexually active Aboriginal men in Sydney - Bibliography. - The highlight for many was the moving speech - "Black & Gay" - by Aboriginal gay man, Noel Tovey {in Sidney). - The only Aborigine and lesbian in the world. - National Indigenous Gay and Transgender Consultation Report and Sexual Health Strategy (PDF)  and First National Indigenous Sistergirl Forum (PDF). - A Risky Business: Criminalising the Transmission of HIV in Australia.

Queers for Reconciliation (Alternate Link):  - ANWERNEKENHE II was the second national conference for Indigenous Australian gay men and sista girls. And as Gary Lee writes, it was a time for breaking silences, making  resolutions, and naming some deep-running waters. - Vast distances... Vast differences: "There have been many "explanations" for the outrageous discrepencies between the health levels of Indigenous Australians and the health of non-Indigenous people. Transgender and Queer Communities. - Young, gay, black, green and female. - Boys to Men. - Anwernekenhe is an Arrernte word, meaning “us mob”. Anwernekenhe I was the first ever gathering of Indigenous gay men and sistergirls. Coming together for the First National Indigenous Australian Gay Men and Transgender Sexual Health Conference. Participants gathered together on the lands of the Arrernte people at Hamilton Downs, Central Australia in 1994, sharing their concerns and experiences of sexual health and well-being: Anwernekenhe I, Hamilton Downs, 1994 (PDF) and Anwernekenhe II, Tambourine Mountain, 1998 (PDF).

Anwernekenhe IV, fourth national Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay, sistergirl and transgender HIV/AIDS – sexual health conference: "The National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Sexual Health & Blood Borne Virus Strategy 2005 – 2008, identifies Australian indigenous gay men, sistergirls, transgender and men who have sex with men as a priority group for HIV/AIDS and sexual health responses. The majority of HIV transmission of indigenous Australians’ is attributed to male-to-male sex." - Western Australian Aboriginal Sexual Health Strategy 2005–2008 (2005: (PDF Download). - Aboriginal health on the road to nowhere with unfunded policies.

ANWERNEKENHE III (Third National indigenous Gay, Sistergirl and Transgender HIV/AIDS and Sexual Health Conference: PDF Download) Strengthening Communities Through Prevention – Peer Education & Partnerships: "Day two of conference proceedings provided an Indigenous gay, sistergirl and transgender only stream, giving participants a confidential and supportive cultural space to discuss specific Indigenous gay, sistergirl and transgender community business. This was well received by all delegates and recommended for all future forums. Two of the most significant issues discussed at Anwernekenhe III were that of injecting drug use and child sexual abuse... - Breaking The Silence: Indigenous, Gay, Transgender, Sistergirl Sexual Abuse Workshop (by Gary Lee): "Our workshop on sexual abuse was about ‘breaking the silence’, and about giving ourselves permission to talk about our experiences, without feeling like there was something wrong with us. It is also about the community acknowledging that there is a problem. We hope it will force the community to confront the reality of just what is going on because it is not just our issue it is a community one... There have been few if any specific statistics collected, and even less social research conducted on Indigenous gay and transgender/sistergirl sexual abuse. In recent times, the calls for recognition of and action against Indigenous heterosexual abuse have risen around the country, largely through the initiatives and tireless efforts of Indigenous people themselves, with various levels of support from state and federal governments. It’s now time that we as Indigenous gay, transgender/sistergirl members of our communities gain the same levels of support for the sexual abuse issues facing us today. The cultural, social and emotional well being of our communities depends on it.

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Project: The primary aims Project are: To provide Indigenous gay and bisexual men, and transgender people (sistergirls) with gender specific and culturally appropriate information, education and support to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STI's). Enhance the sexual health and well being of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay, bi-sexual men and transgender people (sistergirls), to enable them to make informed decisions and achieve and maintain control of their own sexual health. - Queensland Survey of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Men who have Sex with Men (PDF Download).

Video presentation: ‘Sistergirls' – Stories from Indigenous Australian Transgenders (2006): "A ‘story telling' video-documentary of four Indigenous Australian sistergirls this documentary projects positive images of Indigenous Australian sistergirls - giving people an insight into why we live our lives the way we do. It also raises a number of issues that have, and continue to impact on our lives... The use of the term ‘sistergirl' is a self adopted term, recognising that the western definitions of transgender or gay do not reflect the culture and lived reality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander transgender people...In the documentary the sistergirls talk about sistergirl identity and explain how this term is used in Indigenous communities." - Indigenous Homosexuality: Aboriginal Gay And Transgender People - Silences In Indigenous Sexuality: Colonial homophobia marginalised homosexual and transgender Aborigines. But intolerance was never part of traditional life, as seen in the story of the Tiwi Sistergirls... Sistergirls don't like to be referred to as "gays". They prefer the term "women". They also reject a lot of the myths about them, both from the mainstream and from Indigenous society. Firstly, they reject the claim that they are "unnatural". A Sistergirl is born, not made. It is clear by the age of two or three if a person has been born this way, and when they get to the age of six, parents give them to older sistergirls to look after because they're in that special category..."

Reflecting on Practice: Current challenges in gay and other homosexually active men’s HIV education (by Gary Smith & Paul Van de Ven, National Centre in HIV Social Research, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of New South Wales, 2001 - PDF Download): "Challenges identified by the Indigenous educators (those working with Indigenous gay and homosexually active men / Sistergirls) included: ... Keeping sistergirl issues a priority on the service providers’ agenda was identified as a challenge and required constant contact with the providers to reinforce the importance of such issues. Racial prejudice among White gay men was identified as a major concern. This was especially a problem for Indigenous men involved in predominantly White gay settings. - Homophobia within Indigenous communities was also identified as a major concern, with attitudes being expressed along the lines of, “They’re all just sickos”. - Despite the homophobia experienced by sistergirls within their communities, the educators claimed that most sistergirls were nevertheless respected within their communities. This respect, however, had less to do with being sistergirls per se and more to do, for example, with being employed (where unemployment is generally high). Sistergirls’ respect seemed also to be contingent upon their keeping a low profile with regard to their sexual activities, which served to hamper open discussion and other education efforts... - Interactions between sistergirls and their sex partners were characterised as “short and sweet” and as “a quick bang in the bushes with some man who is not getting it from his wife”. This was often the only source of sexual interaction and/or affection sistergirls received. If the choice was between sex without condoms and no sex at all, the choice was likely to be the former... - Certain men (heterosexually identified and often married) were known by sistergirls as potential sexual partners and sistergirls shared this information among themselves. The rest of the community, however, was kept in the dark. Sistergirls’ sexual partners were identified as the biggest barrier to developing a safe sex culture among homosexually active men within Murri communities... - The issue of sexual assault, sometimes at a young age, was identified. Providing a safe environment for sistergirls (e.g. a safe house) was considered important. But even this measure was thought to be beyond QuAC’s resource capabilities (and perhaps jurisdiction)..."

GLBT/sistergirls Research: I am a young gay researcher of Mauritian background. I'm currently a PhD candidate in Health and Social Anthropology at the University of Provence (France) and I arrived in Australia 3 months ago to further a research project about Australian Indigenous GLBT/sistergirls experiences in urban settings. I collected about 50 life stories over 2 previous fieldworks and I am still seeking more participants in every States. The semi-directed interviews last about 1 hour and 30 minutes; it is anonymous and conducted in a culturally sensitive and respectful manner..." - "Sistergirls: stories from Indigenous Australian transgender people"  by Brown, Kooncha. Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, 28(6) Dec 2004: 25-26.

For all Australians? (Alternate Link) In a time when many are hailing advances in HIV/AIDS treatments, and lauding Australia's response to HIV as exemplary, just how proud of our record should we be? Gay, Indigenous and HIV positive, Rodney Junga-Williams tells a different story. For Aboriginal Australians, he writes, its a question of: What access? Whose equality? - Survival '99 Queer, black and speaking out. - Gay Aborigines to gather for second 'Corroborree'. - 'BlackOUT' is a newsletter by and for Aboriginal gay people. - OutBlack (Victoria) - This section looks at homophobia and its impact on Indigenous people - those from the first peoples of the land and sea in Australia. - SISSY [a 30-minute documentary] takes you behind the scenes to give a rare insight into a sub culture that has created its own space within the gay culture, and it explores the bond that sets the black ‘sisterhood’ apart from the white gays. SISSY is an expression of gay black identity: “We are glamorous, we are here and we are queer”: PDF Download.

"Too Busy Studying and No Time for Sex?" Homosexually Active Male International Students and Sexual Health [in Australia]: PDF Download. (Related Information: PDF Download) - Race, Sexuality and Education. What does it mean to be Aboriginal and gay in education in Australia? (Related Information) - Going That Way: "'…homosexuality has existed here for a long time, its not a White man's disease - its probably the only thing we didn't catch off the White man!' - Rea Saunders, Gay Perspectives II, (ed.) Robert Aldrich, Sydney Uni Press, 1994, p.9 Going That Way to me is about life energy, commitment and resistance. It is one of the least bullshit exhibitions I have ever been to. Ali Baker, 2000." - Postcolonial Nationalisms and the Problem of Heterosexual Whiteness. - Black-banning homophobia.

""Jugga" is the nom de plume of a Brisbane-based artist and his homoerotic artworks. The word Jugga is a northern aboriginal Australian term meaning "good mate". It was chosen specifically to emphasize that aspect of the Australian working-man's life that the artists drawings and paintings capture. Jugga concentrates on the Blue-Collar/rural working-class men who have same-sex encounters but don't identify as being homosexual or gay... Jugga's work captures this class of men engaged in homoerotic situations. It focuses the artist's sense of this group of ordinary men based on his own personal experience in the blue-collar working environment. Although these men are not represented in mainstream gay art and culture they are often pivotal to the sexual desires and fantasies of many in the gay community..." - The end of gay? (PDF Download: some information on the gay aboriginal situation.)

Black + White + Pink:  is a group of volunteers from the lesbian, gay, transgender and bisexual community who have come together to ensure that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander issues remain on the agenda of the gay and lesbian community in New South wales. - Sweeties for a Treaty. - Sydney Mardi Gras!!! Black+White+Pink. - Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander participation in Sidney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras 2000 N/A. - Mardi Gras 2001 N/A. - Black+White+Pink Consultation Forum. - Gay Perspectives II - 1994 - edited by Robert Aldrich: "This volume includes articles on homosexuality in traditional and contemporary Aboriginal life; the life of a homosexual convict in colonial Australia..." Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance, ‘Peopling the Empty Mirror: The Prospects for Lesbian and Gay Aboriginal History’, in Aldrich (ed.), Gay Perspectives II, pp. 1-62

Silverfoxes Club Digest: "He also thought that the Aborigines were ignorant of homo-eroticism. When he was asked about conditions in the colonies, particularly about .unnatural acts., the Bishop noted that those crimes were unknown to .the savage. until they were taught them by the convict. We know this to be false. Anthropological evidence points to the institutional arrangements and ritual practice among some of the native groups. These ranged from permissive sexual arrangements between a man and his wife.s brother (since the latter belonged to the same marriage class as his wife) to men masturbating each other before setting out on a warrior mission. One of Ullathorne.s great concerns was with the moral contamination of the young. He laid much emphasis on the way in which boys and young men became educated about unnatural activities.."

‘Kerryn and Jackie’:  Thinking Historically about Lesbian Marriages (by Barnara Baird, PDF Download): "The Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance (GLAA) give an account of the how homosexuality has appeared in historical records, mainly anthropological, about indigenous peoples in Australia. While noting the scarcity of recorded information about indigenous women’s sexuality generally, the GLAA nevertheless quote Phyllis Kaberry’s contribution with respect to the Kimberley district: ‘The lesbian relationships of Australian women were an acknowledged part of their sexual behaviour and were included in their ritual activities’. The authorscomment that it was when Aboriginal communities felt the full brunt of colonisation and Aboriginal people were institutionalised in missions and reserves that ‘the social structures in which homosexual relationships were integrated began to collapse’. The GLAA’s article concludes with reference to US queer theorist Michael Warner’s claim that ‘the heterosexualization of society was … a fundamental imperative of modern colonialism’."

Then and Now: Gay Men and HIV (PDF Download): "The experience and possibilities of doing gayness and Indigeneity are discussed in various ways and places (Gays and Lesbians Aboriginal Alliance 1993; Willis 2003a, b). Of relevance here too is Gregory Phillips’ Addictions and Healing in Aboriginal Country (2003). HIV positive Indigenous gay men and sistergirls are included, but not differentiated by sexual identity, in Willis et al (2002b). The Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations has auspiced community consultations and major documents on Indigenous Australian gay men and transgender people and on sexual health (AFAO 1998a, b). Three Indigenous gay men’s accounts of gayness and community can be found in Hodge (1993). Hurley (1996: 1-2) contains a bibliography. Wayne King speaks autobiographically (1998) and Sydney experiences appear in Brady (2001). Tony Ayres’ film Double Trouble (1991) and Noel Tovey’s play Little Black Bastard (Benzie 2003) are also key documents. While discrimination appears as a major issue in all of them, there are also complex discussions of how sociality, the scene and community are negotiated."

Double Trouble, film by Tony Ayres: nterviews with indigenous gay men and lesbians in Australia discuss the problems of being a minority within a minority.

Black Hours (by Wayne King). Wayne King: "Over several years, he had thoroughly uprooted himself from a culture in which he and his kind were the object of racism. He lived in a world that was relatively autonomous from the person-defining processes of family and nation. One word that describes this semi-detached world is ‘impersonal’; here was ‘impersonality’ in a benign form, the demands and opportunities of international bureaucracy and of gay sexuality combining to foster an ethos of personal liberty..." - Re-historicising 'Racism': Language, History and Healing in Wayne King's Black Hours: Although education rarely fulfilled its promise to open doors for Aboriginal people, the 'sissies' course' allowed King to earn good money, remain in steady employment, and avoid what he calls the 'manual labour mentality that pervaded the Aboriginal community'. His office skills also proved to be his 'passport out of Ipswich'... As a gay Aboriginal, however, in racist, homophobic Australia, King was doubly marginalised on the basis of both race and sexuality. He experienced racial prejudice from the gay community, and homophobia amongst sections of the Aboriginal community. He recalls being picked up by a gay man in a car, and thrown out again as soon as the man learned he was Aboriginal. Even more hurtful was his discovery of the depth of racial prejudice amongst his gay friends: "Rejected and spurned by society for being homosexual, they had spoken angrily of the discrimination they had to face. Yet they saw nothing wrong in their attitude towards me; saw nothing to condemn in themselves... Those white boys in that room thought that a racist was some yobbo in a blue Chesty Bond singlet, shorts and thongs with a beer can in one hand, the other scratching his balls. The subtlety of racism had escaped them. If you had an education, you couldn't be racist. Terry's racist comment [that the right place for Aborigines was in the bottom of an ash-tray] had tipped the scales for me. Gays may have been outsiders, but as a gay Aborigine, I might as well have been from Mars.""

Little Black Bastard: "It was during the early 1950s at school that the sexual abuse he had experienced as a young child was crystallised. Tovey was attractive to boys. He was, despite his colour, welcomed into their circle, but only if he paid with sexual favours. His unsparing recollections about the many beatings he endured for being black and frequent rapes while at school, are unsettling. Remarkably, he looks for no sympathy, he expresses no bitterness. He knew men wanted him, but his own homosexuality was not evident until later... Besides his clear artistic interest and developing skill as a dancer, Tovey was, by the mid-1950s, also a teenage rent-boy. "I was inured to the act of sex," he says. "My obvious good looks, exotically coloured body and total lack of morals were my entree to some of the best addresses in Melbourne." It was also at this time, he says, that the defining moment in his life occurred. After a police raid on a drag party in Albert Park that Tovey was attending, he was charged with buggery. He was sent to Pentridge. He was soon released, but not before he went through his own dark night of the soul. He contemplated suicide and was visited by a profound sense of his indigenous self..." Review. Interview.

Gender Trouble Down Under: Australian Masculinities: "is divided into seven chapters... Then Chapter VII, entitled “Double Trouble,” addresses lesbian and gay aborigines, the amazing destiny of Australian performance artist Leigh Bowery abroad (Bowery, extreme transgenderist, has recently been incarnated by Boy George on Broadway), and finally transgendered and transsexual individuals and politics."

Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations (AFAO):  - The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Gay, Sistergirl and Transgender HIV/AIDS – Sexual Health Project..- Indigenous Projects: AFAO Strategy for responding to sexual abuse of young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay men and sistergirls. This document, published May 2005, proposes some specific interventions that might be trialled to determine their effectiveness in reducing sexual abuse. - Hot Chocolate: Access for all A training package addressing Indigenous gay men and transgender / sistergirl's access to HIV and sexual health services. - First National Indigenous Sistergirl Forum (PDF Download).

Risk behaviour among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander gay men: comparisons with other gay men in Australia.

Sample Policy & Procedures Manual For Services funded under the Supported Accommodation Assistance Program (SAAP): "Indigenous (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander): The National Indigenous Sexual Health Strategy (NIASHS) states that sexual health includes the personal rights to freedom from fear, shame, guilt and myths about choice of sexuality and sexual relationships. Multiple risk factors include the variety of identities, where the balance between race, sexuality and gender identity is complex and may vary over time. The term “Sistergirl” refers primarily to a transgender male to female within the Indigenous communities, an Eastern States term which is being used more and more in WA. There are many Indigenous cultures partly or fully accepting of people with DSG. Some of the specific areas for Indigenous people with DSG are:

Fear of being “outed”, particularly in the rural communities. - Lack of confidentiality in service provision. - Community and social relations, where service users are related to service staff. - Absence of Aboriginal Medical Service’s (AMS) in rural areas. - Local AMS not equipped to deal with DSG issues, as well as HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI) and other sexual health. - Alienation from Indigenous and non-indigenous health services for reasons of actual and perceived homophobia. - Lack of acceptance of DSG within Indigenous communities. It is sometimes seen as a ‘whitefella’ disease. - Lesbian women may hide their sexuality and even live in a heterosexual relationship. - Racism from the DSG community, as well as internalised. Internalisation of culture of violence. - Some research has identified adult male to youth male rape by men who have sex with men (MSM), but don’t identify as gay and often have wife and children. - Increased risk of HIV and other STI’s due to unprotected sex, either mutually agreed or sexual abuse/rape. This includes risk to wives by their MSM partners. - Opportunistic or commercial sex work for survival, financially and otherwise. - Injecting drug use, alcohol and other drug abuse. - Displacement from home and families due to perceived or real non-acceptance. - Dual identities, which can not always be harmoniously combined. - Difficulty in talking about sex, including safe sex. - Lack of positive role models. - Indigenous lesbian women are rarely visible and little is known about their particular issues. - Indigenous female to male transgender people are even less visible.

There are many diverse Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities that are different in language, land and cultures. Each has different ways of talking about sex, sexuality and gender. Many say that their sexual identity decides what someone’s life will be like. For some people, who they live with and enjoy being with, defines who they are and their identity. For many Indigenous people these ideas don’t explain who they are, as they have a more holistic view of themselves and their relationships within their community or with other people. For many Indigenous people their DSG does not determine their role in the community. When they are born they are taught who to talk to and who their mob is, as well as their relationships to other people in the community. They are told who they can sleep with and who they can’t. This is also true for Indigenous people identifying with sexuality and/or gender diversity. Family relationships are very important for the acceptance in their community for people identifying with sexuality and gender diversity. Many will find these relationships too hard and un-accepting and will leave their community to live in bigger cities.

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.
 

LATIN-AMERICAN  &  -CANADIAN

Coming Out: Aceptando tu orientación sexual. - A proposal for a 28-minute documentary - De Colores - discussing homophobia faced by lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in the Latino community. - Documentary Short Exploring How Latino Families Are Overcoming Homophobia Wins Audience Award at OutFest: De Colores Screens At Film Festivals Around the Country and Begins National Distribution (PDF Download). - Gay Latinos, "La Raza" and the new “Familia” N/A. - Hispanics support church teachings on abortion, homosexuality. Homosexuality in Spanish History and Culture: PDF Download. - ¿Q.U.E. P.A.S.=A.? Queers Understanding Education, Power, And Solidarity = Advancement. - "Ley Azteca" (Mexica) Against Homosexuality. - Among Latinos, Homosexuality Still Creates a Quandary. - Gay Students Struggle to Be Recognized as Diverse: Campus groups reflect differences. “It’s As Simple As L-O-V-E”.: "For the love of your children, it is time to put your bloated egos in check, and begin to detoxify what you claim is your "pure" love and go about the business of nurturing your child. If he or she is nothing more to you than a potential "breeder" then you had no business having a child in the first place. Your sin against your child is infinitely more unholy than the sexuality God saw fit to imbue her or him with. You need to know that. You need to deal with that!"

Crossing the Gay Color Lines: "Isaiah Washington, an African American actor, uses the word "faggot" during an altercation on the set of ABC's Grey's Anatomy. Tim Hardaway, a black former NBA star, hears that another former NBA player is gay and responds: "I hate gay people. … I am homophobic. It shouldn't be in the world or in the United States." White gay men see these incidents as examples of a homophobic African American culture. Straight African Americans see a cynical media exploiting caricatures of the angry, ignorant black man. Neither appraisal reveals the more complex truths about why GLBT people and African Americans still eye each other suspiciously across the cultural divide. Are the parallels that gays make between GLBT struggles and the civil-rights movement instructive or offensive? What is the deeper meaning behind the perceived homophobia in the African American community? And what about inclusiveness in the gay community? Do gays of all ethnicities live up to the ideal of the "rainbow" people?..."

Gay and Lesbian History, and "Dia de la Raza". -  Miami's gay Latino community turns out for pride.  - Exploring queer racism, Chicano homophobia. - LGBT students discuss Latino heritage and sexuality. - Gay Latino/as receive support at conference. - Being openly gay and vocal about it is very important to me. - Gay Latino Student Deals with Challenges. - Reinvigorating the fire in New York's Latino queer community N/A. - Nueva York, la tierra no tan prometida: Estados Unidos constituye el paraíso para los homosexuales latinoamericanos que encuentran en este país la oportunidad para vivir una vida plena que difícilmente encontrarían en sus países de origen. - Como es ser Latino/a y Gay en Ann Arbor: Just as all Latinos are not the same, all gay people are not the same. The experiences of gay Latinos, inside and outside of the U.S., is diverse and varied from one person to the next. The ways in which they handle these experiences differ as well. Recently I spoke with five Latinos, locals and internationals, about their sexual orientation and life. Their experiences and circumstances, though varied, can offer little more than a snapshot of this diverse subgroup within our Latino community.

FELIPE'S Things Latino at EgOWeB - Lesbiana, Homosexual, Gay, Femenista CyberRaza. - Cultural Impressions: Martín Ornelas-Quintero, Executive Director of LLEGO, talks about the importance of having a positive image in the gay Latino community. - Outsiders Within? Ethnic labels empower and disempower Latino faculty. Life in the borderlands of the academic community means living with new dilemmas and paradoxes. - Notable LGBTs, etc. of Latino/a Descent N/A. - Will Hispanic Honor Killings, Homophobia Be Our New “Community Standard”?

Invisible Latino Gays and Lesbians by Osvaldo Del Valle: "I recently returned from Milwaukee, where I attended the 23rd National Council of La Raza (NCLR) Conference  [July 14-18, 2001] and Latino Expo. The National Council is the largest U.S. advocacy and public policy organization for Latinos and Latin Americans living in the U.S... With an estimated 12,000 in attendance, only two  "out" gay people (that I found) did not make any sense. What was evident was the fact that Latina/o gay and lesbian people were and are underrepresented at these types of conferences... Also, at the Latino Expo, the largest Latino expo in the U.S., there were no organizations representing queer Latino issues or affairs. The National Latina/o Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Organization (LLEGO) did not have a booth and they had been involved in the past at least once." - Hispanic Magazine - "How Does Gay Marriage Hurt the Traditional Thing? Let's Count the Ways" - Latino alliance decries U.S. marriage ban. - Black, Latino, Asian Same-sex Couples Have Most to Gain, Lose from Marriage Fight. - Attitudes about Same Sex Marriage in San Antonio, TX (PDF Download).

Lesbians : Latina Lesbians. - Coming home to a Latina lesbian self: Race and Sexual Orientation in Legal Scholarship.- Two Latinas, Two Lesbians, Two Laff Riots. - Latina Playwrights Probe Collision of Cultures. - Literary magic with Weeping Woman and Leti: Mexican myth and lesbian identity fascinate first-time author. - Lesbians of Color: Racism, Homophobia, and Community Identity. Tortilleras: Hispanic and US Latina Lesbian Expression. (Introduction: PDF Download) - Lucia Mendez, Marisela and Deadlee to Perform at the Latin LGBT Pride Festival.

Latino/s and Sexualities: Breaking Silences, Creating Changes: 2005 Conference. - Latino Leadership Institute: Like all leaders, women, African Americans, Latinos, and those who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender must convey credibility, foster career-building alliances, and master the informally learned nuances of management. Yet, being perceived as "different" or "other" presents unique challenges as these managers seek to establish themselves within their organizations. - They Don't Want To Cruise Your Type: Gay Men of Color and the Racial Politics of Exclusion: Despite the civil rights dialogue used by the gay community, many 'gay' organizations and members of the 'gay' community continue to exclude men of color from leadership positions and 'gay' establishments, thus continuing to add to the notion that 'gay' equals 'white'. Likewise, gay men of color experience homophobia within their racial and ethnic communities. In this paper, I discuss both the subtle and the blatant forms of racial exclusion practised in the 'gay' community as well as the homophobia found in racial and ethnic communities to examine how such practices affect gay men of color, particularly their self-esteem and their emotional well-being.

QV Magazine: The Latino men's journal of style, culture, and entertainment. - En La Vida (Chicago) - En La Vida Archives. - LAVENDER NATIONS: Indigenous/Latino Alternates. - Sexuality Comes to Forefront of Chicano Studies Conference N/A: "Sexuality, including the study of sexual orientation and sexual 'outlaws,' eroticism and machismo, is today at the forefront of Chicano studies, reflecting a trend seen in all disciplines of the social sciences and humanities." - The Making of a Latino Gay Movement: Visibilidad! - The GALAEI Project: Gay and Lesbian Latino AIDS Education Initiative. - AIDS: Are Latinos A High Risk Population? - Double Jeopardy: How Racism and Homophobia Impact the Health of Black and Latino Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Communities (Word Download).  - How Does Media Say 'Gay' in Español?:  Often, Unsuitably: When it comes to Spanish-language media's portrayal of gays and lesbians, a wealth of dirty words abound, says Monica Taher, director of the Los Angeles-based Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD). "In the Spanish-language media world, [derogatory] words like mariquitas, puñal, joto, maricón, marimacha [lesbian], rarito, puto are not only common but permissible," Taher says. "We recommend [even for Spanish-language media professionals] the usage of the word 'gay' because it has transcended borders and because the word homosexual still has a negative psychological connotation."

Gay Latinos Converge On San Diego, Tijuana. (Alternate Link). - Language and Reference Guide to Help Cover the Latino/a LGBT Communities. - Groundbreaking HIV Prevention Campaign Targets Latino Gay Community. - Race/Ethnicity Matters: Latino Versus Caucasian Young Gay Men’s Sexual Stories (PPT Download). - The L Word's Brush with "Latino Culture": Despite the fact that the Latino population is one of the fastest growing minority groups in the United States, few television programs have featured LGBT Latino characters. This is not surprising given the fact that most TV characters in general—let alone gay characters--are Caucasian, but even on gay programs like Queer as Folk  and The L Word, Latino representation is almost nonexistent. - Beantown Cuban, one of the few but proud: Growing up gay in South Boston. 

La Familia (UCLA) exists because our experiences as a people, our historical and continued struggle for liberation gives rise to particular needs and interests which require a different framework of analysis than that of the mainstream Queer community. Recognizing the issues of religious bigotry, heterosexism and ignorance in the Latino(a) communities and racism and ignorance in the larger Queer  communities, La Familia demands a safe space of its own to explore, support and educate ourselves concerning issues that affect us simultaneously, e.g. racism, sexism, heterosexism, and class. - Tongues - began and developed with the leadership that reflects its target population. The current leadership of Tongues has been active in the Los Angeles area since October 1999 and grew out of an initial interest to create a politically and socially conscious magazine and website 'zine for Queer women of color, specifically Xicanas/Latinas. - Queer/Joto: Performing the Epidermic Cartography of Lesbian and Gay Chicanos By Antonio Prieto (PDF Download). -  "Response to 'Sex and Social Control'" by Harry Vélez Quiñones, University of Puget Sound. - Social Discrimination and Sexual Risk: The Case of Latino Gay Men in the U.S. - Attitudes Toward Homosexuality Among U.S. Residents of Mexican Descent. (PDF Download). - Studs, Stems, and Jotos: Queer Latino Youth (PPT Presentation). - Identity: Latina Femme Dyke with Butch Rising.

Hispanic and Latino Same-Sex Households in Florida: Introduction to the report by Jason Cianciotto and Luis Lopez. - Third of Calif. Gay Couples Latino: A new study shows that at least one partner of a third of the same-sex couples in California is Latino and that more than a half of the Latino couples is raising children. - Invisible Lesbians: Latina Immigrant Lesbian Coming Out Experiences (PDF Download). - Measuring the dimensions of stigma towards homosexuality among Latino MSM. - Attitudes toward homosexuality among U.S. Residents of mexican descent (Full text. Full text. PDF Download).

HIV/AIDS In Latino Community Has Reached Crisis Proportions, New Nclr-Csulb Center For Latino Health Reports Findings. - HIV/AIDS and Hispanics. - Latino Young Men Who Have Sex with Men: Unique Needs and Challenges. - What Are U.S. Latinos' HIV Prevention Needs? - Event to bring awareness to AIDS in Latino communities. - Health, Culture, HIV/AIDS, and Latino/a College Students (PDF Download). - Bearing Witness: Resiliency In the Lives of (Homo)Sexual Latino Men (PDF Download). - The University of Illinois School of Public Health is launching a first-of-its-kind research project on Latino gay and bisexual men and HIV prevention. - Intimate partner violence and HIV sexual risk in Latino gay men: The role of sexual self-efficacy and participation in difficult sexual situations. - The Gay Men's Initiative: Breaking the Link Between HIV and Black Gay and Bisexual Men.

Methodological issues in research on sexual behavior with Latino gay and bisexual men : Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgendered communities: Linking theory, research, and practice. - “I Don’t Fit Anywhere”: How Race and Sexuality Shape Latino Gay and Bisexual Men’s Health. - Reasons for stimulant use among Latino gay men in San Francisco: a comparison between methamphetamine and cocaine users. - Latino Homosexual Behaviors and Sex Roles.: Manuscript under review. - QVMagazine: The Papi Issue.

Other: pop culture and politics for the new outcasts. - Latino, Black, Asian Leaders Call For Help Fighting HIV In LA:  "Many Latino, African American, and Asian Pacific Islander men who have sex with men do not self-identify as gay and therefore may reject prevention messages and other social marketing campaigns targeted to openly gay men, the coalition said Friday..." - Gay Caballeros: Inside the secret world of Dallas' mayates: "And then, right in the middle of a gay bar, Ignacio told me he is not gay. To a misunderstood and controversial segment of the population—illegal male Hispanic immigrants—Ignacio’s claim that he’s not a gay man wouldn’t seem so far-fetched, even though he happened to be at a bar that any objective observer would consider gay. Ignacio is what’s known as a mayate, a Hispanic immigrant, often quite new to America and hailing from rural Mexico or Central America, who will have sex with men but doesn’t think of himself as being gay. Ignacio doesn’t consider himself gay, because he is always activo when he’s with another man. Among mayates, there is one stark rule: The activo partner—or the person whom gay American men call a “top”—maintains his sense of masculinity, while the person who’s being penetrated does not..." 

Resource Links: - Hispanic/Latino Resources. - Pride Depot Links. - GLB People in the Americas.  - Gayscape's GLB Latino & Latin American Resources. - Pridelinks.com's Latino Links. - QV Magazine Latino Links. - Queer Latino/a Resources. - Hispanic / Latino/s Links. - AGUILAS / El Ambiente: Resources - Recursos. - Latino Gay Men of New York: Links. - Latina & Latino Community at Temenos. - Coordinadora Gai-Lesbiana: Direcciones de WWW de interés. - Latino Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Resources. - Chicana-Latina Lesbian Resources. - Austin Latino/Latina Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgender Organization. - Latino Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual Resources. - HIV InSite Resources. - Associació Cristiana de Gais i Lesbianes. - Ambiente Joven. 

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Latino/a Images). - Cine Gay Returns to the San Diego Latino Film Festival 2007. - Doorman: "A deeply 'in the closet' homosexual Latino doorman of a New York apartment building begins to unravel emotionally when he is seduced and then dumped by a privileged college kid who lives in the building. This leads to a graphic showdown between the two men, and the consequences are shattering. "Doorman"looks at the brief but explosive relationship between these two men, both of whom are battling two very different types of internalized homophobia." - Latina/Latino American Art. - Latino/a History Timeline.  - "Eminent Maricones: Arenas, Lorca, Puig, and Me": A writer considers his place in the pantheon of homosexual Hispanic letters. 

Bibliographies: - Gay & Lesbian Themes in Hispanic Literatures & Cultures. - Bibliography of Sexuality Studies in Latin America. - Latina Lesbian & Bisexual Bibliography. - Latino/Hispanic Gay, Lesbian and Bisexual resources. - Gayscape Latino Links. - Select Bibliography on Gay/Lesbian Latinos(as). - Bibliography of Queer Chicana (and a few Latina) Fictions. - GLBT Bibliographies Listing. - GLBT Multicultural Bibliography. - GLBT Latino Literature. - Gay & Lesbian Themes in Hispanic Literatures & Cultures. - Bibliography of Works on Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgendered Chicanos/as and Latinos/as.   

Books: - De Los Otros : Intimacy and Homosexuality Among Mexican Men (Between Men -Between Women) - 1995 - by Joseph Carrier. (Review) (Review) - Latino Gay Men and HIV: Culture, Sexuality, and Risk Behavior - 1998 - by Rafael M. Diaz (Abstract) (Link to Editorial Reviews, 19 Sample Pages). - Machos, Maricones, and Gays: Cuba and Homosexuality - 1996 - by Ian Lumsden (Review). - Tropics of Desire: Interventions from Queer Latino America (Sexual Cultures Series) - 2001 - by  Jose Quiroga. - Latina Lesbian Writers and Artists - 2004 - edited by Maria Dolores Costa (Haworth Press Reference). - Tortilleras: Hispanic and U.S. Latina Lesbian Expression - 2003 - edited by Lourdes Torres and Inmaculada Perpetusa-Seva. Introduction: PDF Download. - Unrequited Love and Gay Latino Culture - 2005 - by Daniel T. Contreras. - Latin American Writers on Gay and Lesbian Themes:  A Bio-Critical Sourcebook - 1994 - edited by David William Foster. - Latina Lesbian Writers and Artists - 2003 - by Maria Dolores Costa. - Boston Boys Club - 2007 - by Johnny Diaz (Interview: Chica Lit, Meet Johnny Diaz and The Boston Boys Club) (Boston Boys Club, "Sexy y la ciudad") (Review).  - With Her Machete in Her Hand: Reading Chicana Lesbians - 2006 - by Catriona Rueda Esquibel (Content, Excerpt). - Chicano/Latino Homoerotic Identities - 1999 - Edited by David William (Review). 

Books: - Counseling Gay Men and Lesbians: Journey to the End of the Rainbow - 1992 - edited by Dworkin, Sari H. & Gutierrez, Fernando J. (review). - Conversaciones: Relatos por padres y madres de hijas lesbianas y hijos gay (Talking with Parents of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual & Transgendered Latinos) - 2001 - edited by Mariana Romo-Carmona (Amazon.com Reference) (Author Related). - Chicano/Latino Homoerotic Identities - 1999 - edited by David William Foster (Review). - Chicana Lesbians: The Girls Our Mothers Warned Us About - 1991 - edited by Carla Trujillo (Review) (Amazon.com Reference). - Companeras: Latina Lesbians (An Anthology) - 1989 - edited by Juanita Ramos (Latina Lesbian History Project, 1987).  (Related Information). - Besame Mucho: New Gay Latino Fiction (New Gay Latino Fiction) - 1999 - edited by Jaime Manrique, Jesse Dorris. - They Dream Not of Angels but of Men: Homoeroticism, Gender, and Race in Latin American Autobiography - 2002 - by Robert Richmond Ellis (Abstract). - Virgins, Guerillas and Locas: Gay Latinos Writing about Love - 1999 - edited by Jaime Cortez (8 Sample Pages). - So Hard to Say - 2004 - by Alex Sanchez (Amazon).

Books: - Queer Iberia: Sexualities, Cultures, and Crossings from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance - 1999 - edited by Josiah Blackmore and Gregory S. Hutcheson (Review) (PDF file of one article in the book: Juan Ruiz’s Heterosexual “Good Love” by Daniel Eisenberg). -Latin American Male Homosexualities - 1995 - edited by Stephen O. Murray, Clark L. Taylor, Manuel Arboleda G., and Paul Kutsche. - Hispanisms and Homosexualities (Series Q) - 1998 - edited by Sylvia Molloy, Robert Irwin (17 Sample Pages) (Review). - Hombres y Machos: Masculinity and Latino Culture - 1997 -  by Alfredo Mirande. - Queer Latinidad: Identity Practices, Discursive Spaces - 2003 - by Authors: Juana Maria Rodriguez. - Reading and Writing the Ambiente: Queer Sexualities in Latino, Latin American, and Spanish Culture - 2000 - by Susana Chavez-Silverman (Amazon.com Reference). - The Sexual Construction of Latino Youth: Implications for the Spread of HIV/AIDS -  2000 - by Jacobo Schifter, Johnny Madrigal, Johnny Madrigal Pana. - Borrowing Time: A Latino Sexual Odyssey - 2003 - by Carlos T Mock.

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.
 

AFRICAN-AMERICAN &  -CANADIAN

Ghosts of Ourselves: The Invisibility of the African-American Lesbian. - Cuban, Black and Gay: An Interview with Tomás Fernández Robaina. - The Ordeal of the Gay Cubans. - Cross(ing) Cass: The Limitations of Models of Nigrescence and Homosexual Identity Formation in Black Homosexuals’ Identity (Other Writings by Kevin Trimell Jones). Conceptualizing Identity Development: Unmasking the Assumptions within Inventories Measuring Identity Development - by Christy D. Moran (NASPA Journal, Vol. 40, no. 3, Spring 2003: PDF Download) - African Americans and Coming Out: Introduction - Religion - Family - Society - Conclusion - Resources. - Gay African-American survey is both hailed and criticized. - How African-American gay activists in the rural south found community support - AIDS activism. - A Conversation With My Brothers: Black Gay Men at Midlife � Part 1 of a series. 

Gay black men discussing effeminate males. - The (Re) Construction of African-American Masculinity - Homosexuality. - Black Masculinity Matters in Attitudes Toward Gay Males (PDF Download). - Black Masculinities Conference at CUNY Graduate Center. - Punks and Fags: Homophobia in Black and Latino Communities. - My Gay Problem, Your Black Problem: African American men's fear and misconceptions contribute to their homophobia. (Alternate Link) (Part 2) - Direction of the Black LGBT Left: A dialog on the Black Radical Congress list December 1999. - The influence of dual-identity development on the psychosocial functioning of African-American gay and bisexual men - by Isiaah Crawford et al. (Journal of sex Research, 2002). - Publisher/Founder of Popular Black Lesbian Magazine Leaves Gay Lifestyle to “Give Heart and Soul to God” - Changes mission of magazine to help those who want to leave life of homosexuality.

Waking Up To Common Ground: dialogue between the African American and lesbian/ gay/ bisexual communities.  (Alternate link) - Online commentaries related to "Stop using the black struggle to receive protective status."N/A  - Kerry compares black, gay struggles. - Coretta Scott King Links Gay Rights and African-American Civil Rights. - BLACKLASH?  All prejudices are not equal. But that doesn't mean there's no comparison between the predicaments of gays and blacks (Alternate Link) - The truth about Blacks and Gays. - Black Like Me. - Black Like You. - Sex, Lies and Magazines: "...many African Americans are unwilling to acknowledge homosexuality in their communities, and many black males, even those who sometimes engage in homosexual sex.." - Great HIV/AIDS Risk: Young Black Men Having Sex with Men. - Bisexuality and Lesbianism in Black Culture. - “Black, Gay & Christian: An Inspirational Guidebook to Daily Living”.

Black Leaders Critical of Millennium Rally: No Endorsement Without Major Changes and a Democratic Process. - Longtime Activist Cleo Manago Selected by Minister Farrakhan as Voice of Black "Gay" Community. -  What happened at the great debate on Black homosexuality. -  A diminished view of manhood: Reggie White's remarks that homosexuality is a sin reflects a widespread fear of gays in the Black community. - Homosexual and Conscious: Is it possible? N/A - Off the Down Low: Black Gays and Lesbians Come Out. - Beyond The Down Low. - Homophobia in the Black Community. - Being Black, Gay and Female Can Add Up to Load of Stresses. - African-American Gay Community Makes Kwanzaa Its Own.

Gays & Lesbians in African Studies (GLAS) - Black Gay Research Summit. - Asante interview: This way out International Lesbian & Gay Newsmagazine. - True Confessions: A Discourse on Images of Black Male Sexuality.- New Study Examines America's Black GLBT Community. - Hip-Hop Homie-Sexualz N/A. - Under the Rainbow: Racial tensionin Cincinnati's gay and lesbian community. - Unmasking our struggle. - The Black Gay Movement: A Progress Report by Keith Boykin. - Black gay athletes: homosexuality and homoeroticism in Black sports. - Will there ever be a time when black athletes on the down low can be on the up high? - Comparing the Black & Gay Athlete: Patterns in Oppression (PDF Download).

Having a Ball: "In a world where the influence of hip-hop dictates one's sense of style, speech and masculinity, many Black gay youth have a difficult time finding their way. Safe spaces where they can explore their gender and sexuality are few, far and in between, likely contributing to the extremely high prevalence of HIV and STDs among this marginalized group of young people. Hundreds, if not thousands, turn (or are pushed away) from their traditional families and are forced to fend for themselves in order to survive. Many, however, find refuge in a small community that celebrates self-expression and encourages them to explore and define who they are for themselves. Here, they are given the tools they need to create their own realities and to live fully inside of their own truths. The ball scene dates back to as early as the 1920's. The first balls were basically drag pageants, organized and thrown inside of grand ballrooms in Harlem. They were competitive in nature, with structures similar to other events in the Black cultural tradition -- such as cotillions, step shows, and carnivals.  Balls as we know them today are centered around several aesthetic categories, including Face, Body, Realness (which is often a play on Black masculinity), Fashion and Vogue (made popular by the classic Madonna hit by the same name). Cash prizes and trophies are the most common rewards. However, any ball kid (as members of this community refer to themselves) will tell you that the ultimate goal of competition is community recognition and status.

African American Lesbian And Gay History: An Exploration N/A. - 1979: "African American Gay men and Lesbians across the country were coming out, blending the new Gay political thought with their Black identity..." - Black History Month, 2003: "While February was declared Black History Month to recognize the many accomplishments and contributions of African Americans, the lives of black lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) people are so often left out of the picture. From civil rights leader Bayard Rustin to community activist Mandy Carter to well renowned inventor George Washington Carver, black LGBT people have enriched our lives." - A Few Black Gay or Bisexual Men and Women Who Changed the World. - Black Ink: A Closed Closet of Black History. - Engineering New Pathways for Black Gays &  Lesbians. - Black Lesbian Articles.

We've been redeemed from the hand of the enemy!: Do you Want to share your story of freedom? We are looking for more bold African American and Latino believers who are overcoming homosexuality through the power of Jesus Christ! If you'd like to join your voice and testimony with ours in proclaiming liberty to other homosexual captives, email for testimony guidelines. - Another Black Experience: Gay Daddy: "The piers are gone now. AIDS decimated a generation, and is now hitting another hard, particularly young gay black men, who are being infected at the same epidemic rate as Africans. I asked Al if he thought more funding would help, and he sneered, "Not until the black community confronts homophobia head on. Not as long as parents throw their kids away." Al tries to redeem them, but for young gay black and Latino kids, not enough has changed."

No Marriage Between Black Ministers and Queer Community: "A minute after midnight on Monday, May 17, was a great getting-up morning for us lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer residents in the state of Massachusetts – at 12:01 a.m., same-sex marriages became legal. But it was also a sad reminder for many African Americans in light of the fact that 50 years ago the issue of racial segregation in America's public schools was nationally shamed and ruled unconstitutional in the U.S. Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. Although these two marginalized groups have much in common in terms of their struggle for freedom, as well as in terms of celebrating their individual civil rights victories, both African-American and LGBTQ communities are not compadres in the struggle for liberation. “The gay community is pimping the civil rights movement and the history. In the view of many, it's racist at worst, cynical at best,” the Rev. Eugene Rivers, a local African-American Boston minister and president of the all-male National Ten Point Leadership Foundation , told The Boston Globe. While Rivers is known to take black nationalist and Afrocentric points of view in dealing with all issues of race, the Rev. Jesse Jackson, president of the Rainbow Coalition , is a more moderate voice. And while Jackson adamantly feels that LGBTQ people deserve equal protection under the law and that the Constitution should not be amended to ban same-sex marriage, Jackson does, however, think the comparison between gay rights and the black civil rights struggle is “a stretch,” as he mentioned at a talk in March at Harvard Law School. “Gays were never called three-fifths human in the Constitution.” Jackson told his audience. To get African-American male ministers, in particular, to think outside of their narrowly constructed boxes about race is an arduous task. And much of the reason is because of the persistent nature of racism in the lives of black people and the little gains accomplished supposedly on behalf of racial equality..."

Black Supporters of Gays Ignored: "Something’s been wrong with the picture of gay America: It’s been way too white for way too long. That distorted image has had damaging consequences: Seeing so many white faces accompanying gay stories, many heterosexual African-Americans understandably equate being gay with being white. Sensing discomfort and disapproval in their families and churches, many black gay men and lesbians stay closeted, both from those they love dearly and the media. Meanwhile, mostly white right-wing groups have effectively showcased well-known African-Americans who oppose gay equality. The result of all this? Americans are much more likely to know that Colin Powell opposed allowing gays to serve openly in the military than to know that supporters of gay marriage include such prominent African-Americans as Coretta Scott King, Congressman John Lewis, former Surgeon General Jocelyn Elders, actress Whoppi Goldberg, Democratic presidential hopefuls Al Sharpton and Carol Moseley Braun, and the Rev. William Sinkford, president of the Unitarian Universalist denomination..."

Gay Men of African Descent. - BlackStripe: Resources for SGL/LGBT People of African Descent. - Articles: Same Gender Loving, Bi and Transgendered People of the African Diaspora. - GLB Black/Latino Information magazines (Chicago).  - Articles by Cleo Manago. - Sistah Scape Online: A Web Magazine for Lesbian Women of Color N/A. - BlackLight Online. - SBC: The magazine for the Africentric homosexual and their friends N/A. -  Black Lesbians Raising Children: A Tribute To The Lesbian Step Moms. When you're a mommy no more, it can be a lonely time. - Black Gays: The Politics and Perils of Assimilation N/A. - Black Gay Identity and the Poetry of Essex Hemphill. - PUNKS writer, director and producer PATRIK-IAN POLK has begun production on a new series entitled NOAH'S ARC: "Described as Sex and the City meets Queer As Folk and together crashing into Soul Food, NOAH'S ARC is a cool, hip, fresh and fun peak into the lives of four black gay men living in Los Angeles. With this latest project, Polk is out to set the record straight (so to speak) that not all gay people are white." 

Research on Lesbian and Gay Populations Within the African American Community: What Have We Learned? (PDF Download) - Sable Magazine (For today's Lesbian of Color): "I cannot count the number of women I have met who have succumbed to alcoholism and/or drug abuse as a result of self-hate and from the overwhelming hate inflicted upon them for being different, for being lesbian, bisexual, or even curious. This self-hate, if left unchecked, can and will do great harm to our bodies, and present us as willing participants to opportunistic diseases." - GFB Magazine: For Gay Black Females Worldwide. - Sistahs for Sistahs: A meeting place for lesbians of color. - Fo' brothas:  Empowerment e-zine for the black, gay, same gender-loving man.

QUEER AS [WHITE] FOLK or “Queer Ass Folk”: Take Your Pick: "Gays are flocking to the show with abandon, and from the comments I’ve seen and heard, it’s often to grab hold of any scrappings that they can relate to, especially if they are gays and bisexuals of color, who are as invisible on the show as they are within the 'queer rainbow.' Of course, that’s about the only aspect of gay life that QUEER AS FOLK completely and accurately reflects." - Queer as white folk. - Young, Black, Gifted & Gay. - African American Lesbian and Bisexual Women. -  Fear of a Black Lesbian Planet. (Alternate Link)

Black Gay and Lesbian Writing Comes Out in the '90s by Reginald Harris. - Invisible, Black & Gay: When Gay Is The Part That Doesn’t Show: (Alternate Link) "I hate being invisible. Being both Black and gay, I haven’t developed the courage to fight on two battlefields. So I’ve chosen one by default; the obvious one, the easy one, the Black one. - Snapshots: Black and Queer: Snapshots along the path of growing in self-understanding for queer and black persons. Results of interviews with queer and black are presented as a reader's theater performance of descriptions with parallel themes. - Cultural Negotiations in African American Homosexual Male Identity:  Measures of Existence at a Predominately White Institution.

And the Choir Sings On: Special Report - "From small rural churches to center city arenas, voices rise in a joyful noise for the Lord. But AIDS has cast a pall of silence over the black gospel music community." - Black Church History Comes Out The Closet. - Black clergy gathering to fight gay matrimony. - Black Churches and Gay Marriage (PBS). - Standing Up to the Black Church. - Same Gender—Loving Family, And Brother Outsider: The Life Of Bayard Rustin. - The Color of Being Gay: Part 1 - The Black Church and the effect that it has on the African American gay community.

The Color of Being Gay: Part 1 - The Black Church and the effect that it has on the African American gay community: "The Black Church throughout socio-political history has always been a “home-base” not only for spiritual salvation but has also served as a medium to plan rebellions against a racist majority and most importantly to offer empowerment. Ironically, while the Black Church started in an effort to solidify Black people as an identifiable group against hate and oppression, today the Black Church has morphed, in some respects, into the complete opposite. Today, it is an institution that often preaches hate against its own people; no longer providing empowerment and solidarity, but instead separatist elitism and disempowerment. Moreover, it has grown into an institution that is conspicuously stagnant and not responding to the issues that affect its people; not only economically, but socially and sexually as well... The Black Church is an institution with enumerable paradoxes. It provides salvation, hope, and faith for many of its followers while it preaches the complete opposite to others... If we as Blacks cannot accept our own, how do we expect the rest of the world to?  Being Gay and the efforts for GLBT rights will always stay White and be lead by Whites if Black gays remain afraid to take the bull by the horns because of their rejection in their own communites."

The Color of Being Gay: Part II - Sexual and Racial Politics: "Lesbians, both Black and White, were excluded from the Women’s Movement because of fear that their involvement would somehow diminish the cause. In other words, including a double minority, both lesbian and female, would somehow impede civil rights and equality for women. In the same respect the same instance happened with the Gay and Civil Rights Movements. Whites in the Gay Rights Movement did not want ‘Black inclusion’ and Blacks in the Civil Rights Movement did not want ‘Gay inclusion’. This posed problematic for many Black Gays and Lesbians because they were forced to choose an identity. For many, they chose their race over their sexuality and it was this play on racial and sexual politics that proved to be a defining force in how gay stayed White, and has been White ever since... How could Black lesbians and gays have time to juggle being both gay and black? They could not; they had no choice.  There was no place for gay Black in the White Gay Agenda and there was no place for them in the Black Civil Rights Agenda without choosing an identity.  This exclusion and sense of un-belonging caused an ingrained invisibleness of Black gays and lesbians in societal institutions past and present." .

Has the Black Church Failed the Same Gender Loving Community? - Black clergy rejection stirs gay marriage backers. - Highly personal: Gay marriage is not a threat to Black America. - For Some Black Pastors, Accepting Gay Members Means Losing Others. - African American Roundtable: "Historically, African American churches have not dealt with human sexuality in a positive light. Our theologies are often negative about sexuality—particularly homosexuality—and this contributes to a fear of sexuality and destructive understandings of masculinity and femininity. We hope that the work of the African American Roundtable can lead to a radical transformation of thought and understanding in African American communities." - World’s largest black gay pride organization applauds Atlanta metro churches acceptance of black gay men and women. - Black Church Leaders Embrace Gays – Good or Bad?

DON’T SHOOT! I’m Coming Out, by Benn Setfrey: "the best book yet written about Black same-gender-loving men. The subtitle—How to “Man-Up” & Set Heterosexuals “Straight”—is an attention-grabber. The cross, in the cover photo held by the author, is big enough to turn homophobic preachers to ashes. The attitude of this new Page Turner Publishing book of non-fiction is bold. Ever since Stonewall you knew the day would come when a strong, Afrocentric, self-respecting and passionately intellectual man would attack the hypocrisy of Black community homophobia with shock and awe. That day is here. This book both challenges the status quo and serves as a how-to guide for Black same-gender-loving men to go from invisible to invincible." - 'Strange Fruit' to be performed at Purdue: " "Strange Fruit," an autobiographical meditation on one man's exploration of his racial, gender and sexual identity... The youngest of seven children in a single-parent household, Johnson will reveal how his mother "gendered" him by dressing him in wigs and feminine clothing as a young child. He also will relate how his mother now refuses to acknowledge his gayness and how people reacted to his sexual identity at Amherst College, where he taught for several years. Johnson also will discuss the politics of "hair" as it relates to sexuality and race. He will share how he transformed into the "threatening black man" when he shaved his head for the first time. Other topics include homosexuality and the black church, spirituality in gay nightclubs, a critique of Black Nationalism and gender and sexual issues in Ghana, Africa...."

HIV/AIDS in the African-American Community (2007).  - Op-Ed: "State of Emergency" on HIV/AIDS in the African American Community. - GMAD: "As New York City's premier organization serving Gay Men of African Descent (GMAD), our core mission is to empower gay men of African descent through education, advocacy, health and wellness promotion, and social support." - Declaring An HIV/AIDS State of Emergency In The African American Community In Georgia. - Black, Gay, At-Risk: Homophobia, Racism, and Rejection Fuel Rising Infections. - Black Gay Men And AIDS. - Homophobia causes AIDS: Study fingers anti-gay sentiment as a major factor in HIV’s spread among black men. - Black gay leaders express discontent with HIV efforts: Activists demand action from health agency during Atlanta meeting. - The Great Down-Low Debate. - Homophobic lyrics in reggae music, a health issue for black gay men. - Primetime Reports the HIV Epidemic Among Blacks … A Decade Too Late.

Rickey Williams:  Rickey committed suicide. He jumped off the Golden Gate Bridge and plunged 220 feet to his death. He was 28 years old... Rickey understood the tragedy of black men who were and are dying in our communities. Just last summer, after visiting New York for the Black Gay Research Summit and the annual Pride In The City weekend, he signed onto an open letter to black gay men asking them, us to do something, anything about the AIDS epidemic in our midst. Forty-six percent of black men who have sex with men in some cities may be HIV positive. But who gives a damn, the letter asked...  From Comments: "My first boyfriend committed suicide and thats such an awful feeling to be that close to someone and not know the turmoil inside." ...

Black people kill themselves too. - Black men, -- black gay men, - black bisexual men, - black same-gender-loving men, - black SGL men, -- black queer men, - black down low men, - black 'I just mess around' men, - black questioning men, -- black married men who fuck around, - black men with HIV, STDs and AIDS, - black men who are HIV positive, - black men who are HIV negative, -- black men who have sex with men, - black MSMs, - black openly gay men, - black closeted men, -- black gay men who put the "black" in front of gay, - gay black men who put the "gay" in front of black, - Black gay men who capitalize the "B" and lowercase the g,- and Gay black men who capitalize the "G" and lowercase the b. -- It doesn't matter what we call ourselves, we all need love. I know too many black men who are depressed and lonely, too many black men who have contemplated killing themselves, and too many black men who have actually attempted suicide. It's not easy being a black man. It's not easy being a black man who loves black men.

Largest-Ever Study Examines Priorities and Demographics of Black Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender People: "A national, multi-city study of Black gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender people released today documents a significant prevalence of parenting, high levels of political participation, and widespread experiences of racism and homophobia. 'Say It Loud: I'm Black and I'm Proud' is a collaboration among nine Black GLBT Pride organizations, a team of Black researchers, and the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force..." (Related Information from The Task Force). - Black Gay Marriage Push: Gay and lesbian activists gather to reach out to African Americans. - Is Gay Marriage Anti-Black??? - At a crossroads on gay unions. - Is The Black, Gay Man Really Ready For Marriage? - Dreaming of a City: The quest for "Mecca". - Romantic Relationships Trajectories of African American Gay/Bisexual Adolescents. 

A New Look at Homophobia and Heterosexism in Canada: The African-Canadian and Caribbean-Canadian Experience. Table of Contents. Full Text: PDF Download. - The Devotion Series: Uncovering Our Losses - devoted to eight Black people who were Same Gender Loving, and who were murdered in the streets of our communities. - A young man (26 years of age) that I didn't know very well, but knew well enough, ended his life today. He committed suicide during this holiday season. As very sad as I am, I'm not surprised because this wan't the first time he had tried - it's just the first time he succeeded. Of course, you only need to succeed once. He, like myself, was HIV+ but his case was different. He had very little money, few friends and even fewer support systems he felt comfortable with to bolster his fragile existence... 

The Ultimate "Planet Out" Guide to Queer Movies (Subject: Black Images). - Isaac Julien Receives the 2002 Frameline Award. - Isaac Julien and Beyond: Black Queer Cinema at the 26th San Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival. - Isaac Julien: British Filmaker. - Black (Queer) Like Me - by Brian Freeman, Pomo Afro Homos. - The Color of Sex: Queer People of Color on Film. - Sisters in Cinema - African American Lesbian Produced Film, Video, and Multimedia Resource List.  - The Pan African Film Festival has always given a voice to gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender filmmakers and this year is no different. - Tongues Untied. - Empowerment and Gay/Black Viewership in Tongues Untied. - Black lesbians and the movies. - The Right Time: Lesbianism in Middle-Class Black Movies. - First Black Gay Series to Premiere in Hollywood.  - Oakland Black Film Festival.

Resources: - Gayscape's African-American Resources. - Resources for SGL/LGBT People of African Descent. - Pridelink.com's African-American Links. - A Black Queer, SGL, and Transgendered Resources. - OpenHere.com's resources. - Gay Men of African Descent. - ITLA: Atlanta. - Pride In the City: New York. - BGRG: Black Gay Research Group. - People Of Color In Crisis. - Sisters In The Life. - Women In The Life. - KeithBoykin.com. - Google Directory. - Zuna Institute - National Advocacy Organization for Black Lesbians. - African Ancestral Lesbians United for Societal Change, Inc.  Formerly Salsa Soul Sisters, Third World Women, Inc N/A. - AltBrothers.com . - Love Thy Brotha. - MAMAROOTS: AJAMA-JEBI SISTAHOOD. - Black Gay Men at Midlife project. - National Association of Black and White Men Together. - Gay Black Men. - The Outside: Gay Black Men, Black Lesbians and Bi-Sexual Issues. - Information for lesbians and gay men of African Descent.

TerryHowcott.com: Broad & Black - A movement for "our folk" in our lifetime - revolutionary fairness - perfecting justice - manifest love for the people. FemmeNoir: Web Portal for Lesbians of Color. Interview with Terry Howcott (Part 1). 

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.

African-American Literature: Gay Male. - E. Lynn Harris, best-selling black gay author: Interview. - Saint's Progeny: Assotto Saint, Gay Black Poets, and Poetic Agency in the Field of the Queer Symbolic - Critical Essay. 

Bibliographies: - An Anthology of Fiction by Gay Men of African Descent. - LGBT of African Descent Booklist. - Books on the African-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Experience (to 1994). - Black Ink: A Closed Closet of Black History. - Book Reviews at Blacklight Online N/A. - Audre Lorde Bibliography.  - Books & Internet Resources. - African-American queers for dummies? - Books by Black Gay Authors. - African-American Literature: Gay Male. - African-American Literature: Lesbian.  - Sistahs on the Shelf: the website dedicated to Black lesbian fiction. - Bibliography: Constructing the Black Masculine Identity.

Books: - Are We Not Men? Masculine Anxiety and the Problem of African-American Identity - 1996 - by Phillip Brian Harper (Review). - One of the Children Gay Black Men in Harlem - 1995 - William G. Hawkeswood edited by Alex W. Costley.. - Gay Voices of the Harlem Renaissance - 2003 - by A. B. Christa Schwarz. - Gay Rebel of the Harlem Renaissance: Selections from the Work of Richard Bruce Nugent - 2002 - by Bruce Nugent, Thomas H. Wirth, Richard Bruce Nugent. - One More River to Cross : Black and Gay in America - 1998 - by Keith Boykin (27 Sample Pages) (Review). - Black Queer Studies: A Critical Anthology - 2005 - edited by E. Patrick Johnson and Mae G. Henderson (Description & Content). - Freedom in This Village: Twenty-Five Years of Black Gay Men’s Writing: 1979 to the Present - 2004 - edited by E. Lynn Harris. - Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique - 2003 - by Roderick A. Ferguson.

Books: - HONEY, HONEY, MISS THANG: Being Black, Gay, and on the Streets. (Review) - Fighting Words: Personal Essays By Black Gay Men - 1999 - edited by Charles Michael Smith (Chapter 1 available) (11 Sample Pages). - On the Down Low: A Journey Into the Lives of 'Straight' Black Men Who Sleep with Men - 2004 - by J.L. King (Barnes & Noble Reference). - The Secret Epidemic: The Story of AIDS and Black America - 2004 - by Jacob Levenson. - On the Down Low: A Journey Into the Lives of Straight Black Men Who Sleep With Men - 2004 - by J. L. King, Foreword by E. Lynn Harris. - A House Is Not a Home: A B-Boy Blues Novel - 2005 - by James Earl Hardy. Amazon. 

Books: - A Whosoever Church: Welcoming Lesbians and Gay Men into African American Congregations - 2001 - by Gary David Comstock (11 Sample Pages). - The Boundaries of Blackness: AIDS and the Breakdown of Black Politics - 1999 - by Cathy J. Cohen (Excerpt N/A). - The Greatest Taboo: Homosexuality in Black Communities - 2001 - by Delroy Constantine-Simms (11 Sample Pages) (Excerpt) (Interview with author) (Table of Contents) (Review: Black Gay / Gay Black). - Dangerous Liaisons: Blacks, Gays, and the Struggle for Equality - 1999 - edited by Eric Brandt, Kendall Thomas (Introduction) (12 Sample Pages). - Anger is What I Do Best: The Journal of a Black Gay Man in America - 1999 - by Roger T. Ward.

Books: - Lesbians Talk: Making Black Waves - 1993 - by Valerie Mason-John and Ann Khambatta (Review). - Black Gay Man: Essays - 2001 - by Robert F. Reid-Pharr, Samuel R. Delany (11 Sample Pages). - Does Your Mama Know? An Anthology of Black Lesbian Coming Out Stories - 1998 - edited by Lisa C. Moore. - Bayard Rustin: Troubles I've Seen - 1997 - by Jervis Anderson (Abstract). - Zami: A New Spelling of My Name - by Audre Lorde (Review). - Invisible Life - 1994 - by E. Lynn Harris. - Talking Black: Lesbians of African and Asian Descent Speak Out - 1995 - edited by Valerie Mason-John. - Speaking in Whispers: Lesbian African-American Erotica - 1996 - by Kathleen E. Morris. - One of the Children: Gay Black Men in Harlem - 1996 - by William Hawkeswood.

Books: - Black Like Us: A Century of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual African American Fiction - 2002 - edited by Devon W. Carbado, Dwight A. McBride, Donald Weise (Review) (Review) (Review). - Afrekete : An Anthology of Black Lesbian Writing - 1995 - edited by Catherine E. McKinley, L. Joyce Delaney, Joyce DeLaney (31 Saple Pages). - Go the Way Your Blood Beats : An Anthology of Lesbian and Gay Fiction by African-American Writers edited by Shawn Stewart Ruff  & E. Lynn Harris. - Ma-Ka Diasporic Juks: Contemporary Writing by Queers of African Descent - 1998 - edited by Debbie Douglas, Courtnay McFarlane, Makeda Silvera, Douglas Stewart (Review N/A). - Spirited: Affirming the Soul and Black Gay/Lesbian Identity - 2006 - edited by G. Winston James & Lisa C. Moore. - A Conversation with E. Patrick Johnson Author of Sweet Tea: Black Gay Men of the South (2008) (PDF).

Search GLBTQ: The Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture. - Search BGLAD. - Search the QRD. - Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - Search Google.com. - Search Google Scholar. - Search Google's G:LBT Directory. - MSN Search. - Search findarticles.com: many full text articles and papers.

Academic Searches: Search IngentaConnect: The most comprehensive collection of academic and professional publications. - Search Project Muse: Scholarly Journals Online. - Search JSTOR: The Scholarly Journal Archive. - Search The National Library of Medicine.

To Second Part.

Search the QRD. -  Search all GLBT Resource Directories. - The "Proteus" Super-Search System is recommended (See also Proteus Original). - Best Search Engine on Proteus is: Google!  Why? If page link not available, it may still be at the same site but the name was changed. The "Google Scout" can then be used to supply you with the changed link. Also: "Gooooogle" and "Fast Search gives you an idea of the "context" in which the searched word(s) are to be found. If you are searching for a string of word together, such as a title, forget not to place what is sought in quotation marks. Example: "Death by Denial". Fast Search! is similar to Google.
 

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